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Hope for the elderly Rewards for loyalty |
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Rival to GPS
‘Renegotiating’ N-deal
The fairisle pullover
Modi grows, BJP fades US housing crisis: interest cut likely Chatterati
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Hope for the elderly THE Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens’ Bill, 2007, passed by Parliament is indeed a progressive social welfare measure. It will immensely help the elderly, especially those who are poor and are not being looked after properly by their children. Though it is everyone’s duty and moral responsibility to take care of parents in their twilight years, some are callous and irresponsible. The legislation is primarily aimed at making this recalcitrant lot responsible towards their parents. The need for such an Act also arises from the fact that the legal procedures available under the Criminal Procedure Code are too cumbersome, time consuming and expensive which parents cannot afford. Considering the gravity of the offence committed by the guilty, the provision of three months’ imprisonment and a fine of Rs 5,000 in the Act may appear to be too light. However, as Union Minister for Social Justice and Empowerment Meira Kumar said in the Rajya Sabha on Thursday, this punishment should be viewed as a deterrent. Moreover, one cannot expect parents, especially those who are poor, to run from pillar to post seeking justice. Parliament enacted the legislation to make it easier for senior citizens for claiming legitimate maintenance, which includes food, clothing, residence and medical assistance. While the legislation would hopefully serve the intended purpose, it remains to be seen how effectively it would be implemented on the ground. For instance, it provides for the creation of a network of maintenance tribunals throughout the country that will decide pleas from parents and senior citizens within six months of notification. It also requires the government to set up old age homes for destitutes. Since the attitude of the Centre and the states towards the senior citizens’ woes has so far been apathetic and perfunctory, the very purpose of the legislation will be defeated if the government does not ensure effective monitoring of the proposed maintenance tribunals. The government will have to ensure that these tribunals deliver expeditious justice to the elderly instead of ending up as adjuncts of the courts and delivering justice at a snail’s pace.
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Rewards for loyalty Elections
are an open season, for in these battles, like in war and love, all is fair. The means are justified, not by principles or processes, but by success in the end. Yet, elections offer an interesting study of values, personal and political, at play. One such value, always in evidence in Indian elections, is “loyalty”; loyalty not to democracy, parliamentary institutions or even to the party in question, but loyalty to individuals. The Nehru-Gandhi family — if only by virtue of being the longest surviving power centre in politics and, therefore, saddled with a legion of domestic retainers — is by far the biggest and most frequent “offender” in this regard. Of course, those rewarded do not see why it should cause offence. This time around, the Congress party nominations for the Himachal Pradesh assembly elections have caused more than the usual stir and resentment in some circles. One nomination, which has triggered a lot of interest, is that of Prakash Chand Karad from the Arki constituency in Solan. Karad, 37, runs a petrol pump at Kunihar, served as Director in the Khadi board and was the Vice-Chairman of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Legal Cell of the district Congress unit. There appears nothing wrong with any of that. He is the son of Padam Ram (95), who has served as a cook for the Nehru-Gandhi family for over 30 years. It is good, even laudable, that the party does not treat children of cooks and others who render domestic services as unworthy of higher political office. What is wrong, and bad, is if his chief merit lies not in his belonging to an under-represented underclass deserving of more representation, but in his father’s and family’s personal loyalty to the Nehru-Gandhi family which ought not to be a criterion for a political or electoral choice. If he was given the ticket only because of his father’s closeness to the family, it is a bad choice. It is a different matter if he was chosen despite his father’s posting. Without being privy to the full facts of such cases, it is hard to say whether such nominations raise or lower the bar.
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Rival to GPS Seeking
“strategic independence” from the United States, European nations have finally decided to press ahead with the ambitious Galileo project, which will give them and the rest of the world an alternative satellite-based navigation system. The only one in existence now is the American military’s GPS. After the US military began to make the technology more freely available, without restricting accuracy, GPS-based devices have proliferated, even invading passenger cars whose drivers may only be looking for the new café in a different part of a town. The 30-satellite Galileo is an expensive proposition, and the European Space Agency (ESA) will need an enormous five billion dollars to put the system in place by the deadline of 2013. It is interesting that while many European Commission officials have stressed its strategic value, apart from its commercial prospects, Britain, the closest US ally, prefers to see it as a complement to the GPS. But for other countries, the simple fact that the US can always decide to degrade or jam the GPS signals is an unacceptable situation, and an alternative was necessary. The GPS is currently free, but the US is not obliged to guarantee the service. Galileo will be commercial, and can be expected to have the guarantees one associates with the marketplace. While originally intended to be operational by 2008, the project was delayed due to various reasons. While the financial outlay posed one problem, the US opposition was another. On paper, there is even an agreement with the US for cooperation and integrated operation with the GPS. There were many reports, however, of the US holding up progress. It is also a fact that India signed a framework agreement to participate in Galileo, but in the 2006 Indo-European summit, further progress could not be achieved. The “security risk” factor was widely cited, with India apparently worried about exposing sensitive installations to accurate targeting. This was particularly of concern as China is one of the non-European partners in the project. India can and should, however, explore ways of participation that can derive some benefits, without too much risk.
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The frost performs its secret ministry,/Unhelped by any wind. — Samuel Taylor Coleridge
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‘Renegotiating’ N-deal
Mixing
partisan politics and nuclear issues can be extremely hazardous. This is the lesson from the protracted debates on the Indo-US civilian nuclear deal, the latest being the debates in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya
Sabha. The momentous nuclear accord that pushes this country into a front-runner one in high-end nuclear technology is becoming a victim of garbled politics. The debate on the nuclear accord first hit the ideological barrier mounted by Left parties. Now BJP leader L.K. Advani wants to act as the real “Laoh Purush” by blocking the nuclear agreement with the demand to “renegotiate” it – to “safeguard the long-term security concerns” of the country —- little realising that “renegotiating” the accord would hit India’s security concerns most of all. The Left parties were not enamoured of the nuclear accord, but they saw some good points in it – submerged by the questionable Hyde Act. Most unacceptable to the Left was allowing Indian foreign policy to be subordinated to “American imperialism”. UPA government leaders – with supreme patience – have been coping with this problem, assuaging the fears of the Left. They have been doing this by demonstrating Indian foreign policy in action: first in relation to China – the Sonia visit – and then dealing with Russia in a fresh display of diplomatic finesse, and in between the drama of commonality between India, Russia and China, unconcerned about Washington’s likes or dislikes. How far all this works with the Left has to be seen. Perhaps, the softening is coming. The black flag hoisted by Mr Advani is of another class. The demand to renegotiate the nuclear accord threatens to blow up the major gains from the agreement — in the first place the gains for India’s security concerns itself will vanish. The agreement confers the de facto status of a nuclear weapon power on India, bypassing the NPT. It is this valued nuclear weapon power status that would be the first casualty hitting India’s atomic weapon security concerns. The de facto nuclear weapon power status lifts the barrier on India’s global nuclear trade and acquisition of advanced reactors, high-end international nuclear technology, much-needed uranium as well as dual-use equipment and knowhow. The accord that lifts these barriers will be irreparably damaged. For, the kind of “renegotiation” that Mr Advani wants is unattainable. Mr Advani may not be fully aware of some aspects of the nuclear accord. The nuclear weapon power status comes to India unannounced through the separation plan built in the Indo-US nuclear agreement, demarcating nuclear military facilities from civilian nuclear facilities that are to be under IAEA safeguards. The agreement also stipulates that Indian nuclear military facilities cannot be tampered with: they are out of the ambit of IAEA safeguards, and their working remains unhindered. Advaniji please note: encased in the 123 Agreement, this de facto nuclear weapon power status conferred on India is to be sealed by the IAEA – an institution under the United Nations – within the terms of the India-specific “safeguards” that the IAEA has to work out with the Indian nuclear
establishment. All this will be blown into smithereens if “renegotiation” is attempted – in the name of “long-term security concerns”. For, waiting in the wings are the American diehards, the so-called “non-proliferation” lobbyists, who have been shouting from the housetops that the nuclear accord is a surrender to India’s nuclear weapon aims. And the Scandinavian nations, Switzerland and Japan, are still on the margins – they have not unambiguously accepted civilian nuclear trade with India, bypassing the NPT. Attempting to bite more than one’s mouthful will undo all that has been achieved – the de facto nuclear weapon status being the first to go. For, what does pressing with the demand to “renegotiate” the nuclear accord imply? As it is, the agreement nowhere refers to a fresh test by India. The agreement does not anywhere prohibit another test by India.Does Mr Advani expect the right of another round of nuclear testing to be inscribed in the nuclear agreement? No one can achieve that kind of “security concern”. The Indian negotiating team that ironed out the wrinkles from the Indo-US accord did a wonderful job during the protracted negotiations with Washington in keeping intact India’s right to a further test, should such an exigency arise. The American State Department stalwarts yielded to terse reasoning by the Indian negotiators. And so, the American bid to implicate another test by India as a possible ground for rupture by mentioning it in the agreement did not materialise. Compromise it was, but a compromise that favoured Indian security
concerns. In this setting, the demand to “renegotiate” the agreement in order to “secure long-term security concerns” means that conferring on India a de facto nuclear weapon power status is not enough. American laws should be changed to inscribe in the agreement India’s right to further nuclear testing. Any such attempt obviously will mean the end of the Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement, which ipso facto confers on India a unique nuclear weapon power status outside the NPT. Thus, actually, it is India’s security concerns that will be the first
casualty. While on the question of nuclear weapon tests, it will be good to clear the policy parameters. Where do we stand on the question of nuclear armaments? India’s basic policy on nuclear weapons remains what it has been at the outset – that nuclear weapons are a threat to humanity and, as such, they should be abolished. But if this objective is to be achieved, it is the five nuclear Big Powers that should take the lead. It is the reverse that is happening. Nuclear weapons have become the hallmark of power and security. India has per force to develop weapon capability for its security concerns, the sole reason for our nuclear weapon programme. Here the question is: do we seek a credible nuclear deterrent or a nuclear arms race such as the one the US, China and the Western powers are engaged in? If it is the former, then the quantum and power of nuclear military programme India is pursuing is adequate. The nuclear accord does not come in the way of India building a stockpile big enough and reliable enough to serve the purpose of a credible deterrent, since Indian nuclear military facilities are outside the ambit of the agreement, not to be tampered with by external
agencies. Actually, no further tests are required for India’s nuclear deterrent unless the global equilibrium is violently disturbed by fresh tests – from within the Big Five, specifically the United States, China or France, or a lesser light such as
Pakistan. The issue came to the fore when the voluntary moratorium was declared on further tests in the wake of Pokhran II. This is how Dr R. Chidambaram, who headed the team that conducted the Pokhran tests, put it in an interview to this writer on the first anniversary of the Pokhran tests: “In the tests that we carried out on May 11 and 13, we tested a dozen ideas and sub-systems, and every one of them worked perfectly. As a result of these tests, now we have generated a very valuable scientific data base on which you can base a credible nuclear deterrent. That is why we advised the government that it can now declare a moratorium on further testing.” This is an authoritative and conclusive statement coming as it does from the country’s foremost nuclear
physicist. The writer specialises on nuclear issues and has authored a book, “India’s Tryst With the Atom”
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The fairisle pullover
I
found him, that first night curled up in bed, crying his heart out. I took him home and gave him a cup of hot milk and some chocolate cake and he forgot his tears. He wore a fairisle pullover under his dressing gown — brown with a white deer on it. “That’s a beautiful pullover,” I said He looked down at it and smiled. “My mother made it,” and I realised he wore it for the emotional strength it gave him. “I wish I had someone to knit a pullover like this for me,” I said wistfully. This was a lie because my sister is a champion knitter. In the days that followed he took to running away from school. After the second time this happened I sat him down and spoke to him. “Look Amit,” I said conspiratorially. “I am very unhappy too and, like you, I often want to run away. So can we run away together?” He looked up and nodded agreement. A few days later he arrived at my doorstep just before evening prep. “Sir, can we run away now?” “Sure,” I said. So hand in hand, we ran away from school. We took the bridle path and reached Dharampur in the gathering darkness. We stood at the roadside, waiting to flag down a bus. “Running away is always better on a full stomach,” I suggested “Let’s have something to eat.” So we sat down at Gyani’s and had a hearty tuck-in. After the meal he said: “It is rather cold, Sir. Could we run away tomorrow?” Over the next few weeks he came to me when he was homesick but, happily, the running away was limited to going down to Charlie’s and eating samosas and gulab jamuns. Then this too ceased and I knew he had settled down. He returned after the winter vacation with a fairisle pullover for me — brown with a white deer on it. “My mother knitted it,” he said proudly. When I didn’t wear it for the next few days he asked accusingly. “Don’t you like it?” So I wore it to school. I was ribbed by Chandu and the other teachers but the pride and joy in his eyes when he saw me wearing it more than made up for this. He finished school and went his way. Our contact was reduced to the once-a-year greeting card and then even that stopped. Then last year, miraculously, he turned up at my office in Mohali after almost 30 years. With him was his little boy wearing a fairisle pullover, brown with a white deer on it. I looked up into Amit’s eyes. “Yes” he said with a smile” “My mother is a beaver. She never throws anything away.” I put my arm around his shoulder in wordless gratitude for letting me know that something still remained of the nameless bond that had been forged between us, all those long years
ago.
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Modi grows, BJP fades
THE Bharatiya Janata
Party, as it is known across the country no longer exists in Gujarat. The larger-than-life image of Chief Minister Narendra Modi has ensured that the party is moulded entirely in the personality of the “great leader”. Political observers note the transformation of the BJP in Gujarat since the 2002 anti-Muslim riots from a cadre-based party to a Narendra Modi fan club. As hordes of Modi’s followers march through the streets of Gujarat as part of the BJP’s election campaign, the party’s election symbol — the lotus — is taking a second place to Narendra Modi masks that are becoming popular at every candidate’s entourage. “It is very easy to spot the regular candidate backed by the BJP from the Narendra Modi groupie - just look for the mask-wearing supporter in the entourage,” says Congress leader in the Maninagar assembly constituency from where the Chief Minister is contesting the elections. Not many of these masks are visible in and around Amreli, the stronghold of Modi’s rival Keshubhai Patel. Even the BJP candidates here know that some of the votes from the Patel community could be lost if a Narendra Modi mask-wearing supporter is propped up on their jeeps. Suddenly top BJP leaders like the original poster boy of Hindutva, L K Advani, do not matter in Gujarat. Advani had his credibility somewhat dented following his remarks on Mohammad Ali Jinnah two years ago. Other party leaders like BJP president Rajnath Singh and Arun Jaitley have been reduced to mere sideshows during this election campaign. Crowds show up to listen to Modi and leave after he finishes. Strangely at a number of meetings, Modi has chosen to speak first before moving on, leaving the candidates to address fast-emptying venues. But even Modi has his limitations. The Narendra Modi magic works as long as the Chief Minister pours vitriol against the Muslims — very much like Bal Thackeray in Maharashtra next door. Nobody wants to hear rational explanations of development from Modi. And he has a lot to boast about. Gujarat doesn’t have power shortages. Under Modi, the state has attracted scores of investors from around the world. And Gujarat’s scourge - shortage of water - is also being remedied as the Narmada flows into more areas of the state albeit in patches. But Modi is finding for himself that the tiger he has mounted won’t let him get off. As dissidents within the BJP and the sangh parivar join hands with the Congress party, the “he-man” was suddenly forced to look for new allies. Grudgingly, Modi allowed the BJP’s star attractions like Navjot Singh Sidhu, Hema Malini, Shatrughan Sinha and Smriti Irani to fly down to Gujarat and sing his praises. But even that really did not work, and Modi took to his tried and tested formula: Muslim bashing. Clearly, the Gujarat CM did not seem to have taken his party colleagues like Arun Jaitley into his confidence before his speech justifying the killing of Sohrabuddin Shaikh. A very embarrassed Jaitley was forced to do some damage control as the media descended on him. But as Modi’s subsequent speeches on the same lines and the public response indicated, the magic is returning to the BJP’s campaign. Modi has reverted to his 2002 position when he spoke of security for the five crore Gujaratis in the face of Muslim terrorism. “Modi’s message is that even God cannot save the Hindus of Gujarat,” says Ahmed Shakeel, Legal Secretary, Jamat-i-Ulema-Hind. Modi’s own supporters feel that the Gujarat CM does not need the crutch of the BJP anymore. “If the BJP tries to stop Narendra Modi, it will see the birth of Gujarat Desam,” says a supporter of the CM. Interestingly, both the Congress and the BJP are drawing analogies between Modi and former Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu. “There is an undercurrent of anger against Modi across Gujarat and he will meet the same fate as Chandrababu Naidu,” says Congress party’s councillor from Maninagar, Anandsinh Chauhan. But Modi’s spin doctors are coming up with newer methods to progagate the myth of the Chief Minister — the latest being how Modi took sanyas and renounced the world in order to serve the people. That Modi has abandoned his wife, who leads a quiet life somewhere in Gujarat has been conveniently forgotten. Understandably, the Vishwa Hindu Parishad and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, which once called Gujarat the laboratory of Hindutva, are worried at the monster spawned by them. Officially, the two outfits have pulled out from the campaign. Modi’s old comrade-in-arms, Praveen Togadia, has no kind words for him. Babu Bajrangi, who openly confessed to killing innocent Muslims in the Tehelka tapes, too is against Modi. Both leaders feel that Modi used them and then sacrificed them to the law enforcement authorities once his purpose was served. Many of them have joined hands with the Congress to teach Modi a lesson. The VHP has unleased its sadhu samajs to campaign for the Congress candidates, many of whom were in the BJP till recently. A firebrand preacher, Chaitanya Maharaj of the VHP, is on the forefront of the anti-Modi campaign much to the delight of the Congress. He even invited Uma Bharti to launch her party, the Bharatiya Janshakti Party, in Gujarat Maharaj is now campaigning for the 50-odd candidates of the new party though Uma Bharti herself seems to have been lured back to the BJP. But what perplexes most political observers in Gujarat is the large crowds that throng Modi’s speeches and the programmes conducted by his opponents. “It is a sign of confusion among the voters and the cadres alike since the elections are taking the form of BJP versus BJP,” says Bharat Chauhan, Editor, Avadh Times published from Amreli. “People will make up their mind at the last minute,” says Chauhan. The suspense, then, will continue till the last vote is counted.
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US housing crisis: interest cut likely THE nation's housing crisis took a bite out of hiring in November, the government reported on Friday, suggesting the economy has so far avoided outright shrinkage. "The national economy seems to be skirting recession," said John Silvia, chief economist for banking company Wachovia Corp. Nonetheless, the job data left intact expectations that the Federal Reserve would cut its key interest rate next week in an effort to prevent a recession. Payrolls grew by 94,000 jobs last month, the Labor Department said, but the agency slashed by 48,000 positions its estimate of employment growth for the previous two months combined. The revised figures indicate that the economy added 44,000 jobs in September and 170,000 in October. The unemployment rate, meanwhile, remained at 4.7 percent for a third month in a row. The report depicts an economy that, while continuing to grow, is doing so with increasing difficulty. Besides high gasoline prices and a sagging home market, continuing fallout from defaults on sub-prime mortgages repeatedly has rattled financial markets and threatened to freeze personal and business lending -- a development that would probably push the economy into recession. "What the new job numbers suggest is below-trend growth for the next several quarters," Silvia said. "That means that over the next six to nine months you're probably going to get below-average job opportunities." With economic growth already believed to be slowing substantially from a 4.9 percent annual rate in the third quarter, most economists predict the Fed will lower its benchmark rate by a quarter-point. Some analysts say the central bank, worried about the hard-to-predict effect of the mortgage and credit crisis on the overall economy, will implement a half-point reduction in the rate, which now stands at 4.5 percent. Recent growth in neither employment nor the economy has been evenly distributed. States experiencing the most severe housing slump are likely to be suffering the greatest economic fallout. "The housing market pain clearly has been concentrated in California and Florida," said Bank of America senior economist Peter E. Kretzmer. Parts of the most-affected areas "are probably already in recession," Silvia said. The combination of high gasoline prices and falling home prices has taken its toll on consumer confidence, which many believe is an important measure of people's willingness to shop during the holiday season. The Reuters/University of Michigan index of consumer sentiment came out Friday with a reading of 74.5, down from 76.1 last month. Excluding a post-Katrina plunge in 2005, the index is at its weakest Much of the job growth in November was concentrated in temporary help services, which added 11,300 positions and healthcare, which grew by 15,000. Most of the losses were concentrated in industries connected with home building and financing. Construction payrolls dropped by 24,000, including losses of 7,000 jobs in residential building and 13,000 in residential specialty trade contracting. It was the fifth month of declining construction payrolls. Employment in credit intermediation, which includes mortgage lending fell by 13,000 jobs, while real estate dropped by 8,000. Some analysts predicted substantial additional layoffs because of housing market turmoil. "We have yet to see the real shoe drop on the mortgage crisis, especially at the big banks," said Diane C. Swonk, chief economist of Chicago-based Mesirow Financial. Many of November's new jobs came in retail trade, where employers added 24,200 to payrolls because of the holiday shopping season, but the increase was not as strong as some had expected. "Retail is clearly not the boom sector, which is a little suspicious," Swonk said. In a separate sign of economic weakness, the Federal Reserve reported that loans for big-ticket items such as cars fell for a second consecutive month in October. It was the first back-to-back decline of such loans since 1992. So-called nonrevolving credit, which includes borrowing for cars, boats, college education and the like, fell $1.64 billion, or 1.3 percent, to $1.56 trillion, the Fed said. The same category of credit showed a $1.37 billion drop in September. Overall, consumer borrowing was up in October as consumers relied on credit cards and nonmortgage loans to underwrite their spending. Total consumer credit increased $4.71 billion to $2.49 trillion. The total increase by $3.2 billion in September. Average hourly wages rose 8 cents, or 0.5 percent, in November to $17.63, up 3.6 percent from a year earlier, according to the Labor department. Economists had expected a somewhat smaller increase. Average weekly hours worked by production employees held steady at 33.8 for a fifth consecutive month.
By arrangement with LA Times-Washington Post
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Chatterati FOR a change, the central hall of Parliament was packed to capacity. A bit odd, especially at sharp 10 in the morning. Well, the occasion was the unveiling of the Alva couple’s paintings. No speeches, no drama. The august gathering included Dr Manmohan Singh, Mrs Sonia Gandhi and Speaker Som Nath Chatterjee as well as Leader of Opposition L. K. Advani and Left and NCP leaders. Ever polite and humble, Margaret Alva was her usual warm self. The Alvas were the first couple to make it to Parliament together. The Alvas are, no doubt, a very talented and traditional family from Karnataka. Hailing from an old political family, Margaret had no choice but to join politics and has been a Union minister for some years. Her polite, beaming husband, Niranjan, is always on her side and they do make a remarkable couple in the Capital. Talking about the talented family, Margaret’s 10-year-old granddaughter is a state-level gymnastic and soccer player. Now that is something right. The young Alva boys run a professional, very-well regarded production house. Their company is known in the media software business. After the function, there was tea and goodies too. The MPs and other visitors got a chance to mingle with the VVIPs. Later, Margaret hosted a mouth-watering and finger-licking lunch at her house. It was a typical South Indian cuisine.
Rahul’s gesture Rahul Gandhi has the same soft heart as his father. The other day Rahul arrived at the AIMS carrying clothes, toys and goodies for three-year-old Mahesh. Mahesh hails from a tiny village in U.P. His parents had lost all their money and hope for their only son. Rahul heard of Mahesh’s ailment from a party worker and brought him to Delhi. Mahesh then weighed only 3 kg. Today Mahesh is a healthy 8.5 kg. Rahul’s visit to the AIIMS came as a surprise as he walked in accompanied by only one SPG fellow. So whether the young M.P. from Amethi is discussing the revival of Youth Congress or writing letters to Maya behanji expressing his concern for shoe-makers of UP, he still finds time to see the ailing child. How many of our politicians would
do that?
Security checks Thank God, the chiefs of the defence forces will not be frisked any more. Just the thought of it had sounded absurd and shameful. Our politicians, some of whom have criminal records, are often not frisked. But the heads of the Army, the Navy and the Air Force were being frisked. How annoying
is that! Now even the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission and the Chief Election Commissioner too will not be frisked. In fact, it’s our politicians who should be properly checked at airports.
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