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Thursday,
August 29, 2002, Chandigarh, India  
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Not Responsible Indians Belated dissent New townships |
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Widening rift in Bush Administration
“Do you know who I am?”
The divine dispensation around us
Kabul television bans Indian films Where dogs are given on rent Germans see cancer risk in coffee
Think positively about ageing
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Not Responsible Indians A memorandum signed by 65 MPs and submitted to the Punjab Chief Minister on Tuesday has raised a disturbing social issue: the exploitation of young women by NRIs on the pretext of marriage. NRI marriages are increasingly falling apart for various reasons, but few have learnt any lessons. Ignorant and greedy parents hand over their daughters in marriage to near strangers without verifying the particulars of the bridegrooms-to-be. The consequences are quite often horrendous, specially for the girls. Some of the NRIs out for shopping in the marriage market are of shady character, already married and come back home just for fun. Out of ignorance or greed, many parents succumb to the trappings of life abroad. Such is the craze for going abroad that there are families which can stoop to the shocking level of arranging a marriage between a brother and a sister or between cousins, forbidden by law. Marriage in India is a sacred institution that binds two individuals and families for life. Certain NRIs pick up what is bad in western lifestyle and abandon whatever values they had learnt during their upbringing in India. They treat marriage as a contract which can be terminated at convenience and play with the dreams of young Indian girls who have many expectations from marriage. The desire for a better life, for oneself and for one’s offspring, is natural, but the resort to illegal means cannot lead to lasting peace and
happiness. The fact that so many young boys have ruined their families and their own lives by selling whatever little property they had to pay for illegal travel knowingly has not deterred others from trying their luck to go abroad. How those successful in going abroad, either through marriage or illegal routes, are exploited in foreign lands is another story. What should be done to curb this social menace? First, it is for the parents themselves to exercise caution in arranging the marriage of their loved ones. Second, the priests performing the religious ceremonies at an illegal marriage like the one between a brother and a sister should be taken to task. Third, the panchayats should intervene effectively to stop illegal or forced marriages and socially boycott the guilty parents and inform the police. The government too can help by keeping computerised records of all NRIs, and those found breaking the law should be barred from entering the country. The legal mechanism for quick extradition of the expatriates indulging in any illegal activity in any part of India should be put in place. They should not be allowed to run away with the belief that they are beyond the reach of the law in a foreign land. More importantly, the pull of the West needs to be countered by removing the “push” factor at play in the state. That there is an urgent need for creating jobs through development is obvious. A state that cannot meet the aspirations of its talented youth soon ends up losing them. A government agency operative at the district level can offer cheaper and reliable immigration services so that youth do not fall into the traps of unscrupulous travel agents, who badly need the kind of treatment for which the Punjab Police has earned a national reputation. |
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Belated dissent It is surprising to note voices of dissent at this stage from some Opposition leaders to the Representation of the People (Amendment) Ordinance, 2002, promulgated on August 25 following President A.P.J.Abdul Kalam’s assent to it the same evening. The Congress, the CPM and the Trinamool Congress have now sought to dissociate themselves from the “all-party consensus” on the Ordinance as claimed by the BJP. The Congress president and Leader of Opposition in the Lok Sabha, Mrs Sonia Gandhi issued a lengthy statement on Tuesday, saying that the Ordinance “defied the will of a vast majority of the people, the letter and spirit of the order of the Supreme Court, and the basic tenets of transparency and accountability in politics”. In her opinion, candidates fighting an election must disclose all relevant information about their background, particularly the details relating to their convictions and charges for the offences committed, assets and bank balances, and financial liabilities. She said her party believed that all candidates must disclose such information at the time of filing nomination papers and prior to elections. However, given the double standards of the political class in general, these high-sounding words cannot be accepted on their face value. Unfortunately, their statements have come too late in the day. One would be tempted to ask as to what were these leaders doing when the Union Government circulated the draft Representation of the People (Amendment) Bill, 2002, among them for their reaction. More important, the Union Government organised two all-party meetings on the issue — on July 8 (to seek the various parties’ reaction to the draft Bill prepared by the Union Law Ministry) and on August 2 (to give a final shape to it). It is believed there was unprecedented unity among all the political parties and nobody objected to the Bill. Of course, certain politicians were of the view that candidates would be disqualified only if they were convicted of two criminal offences. The Union Cabinet endorsed the draft on August 16 and decided to promulgate the Ordinance and send it to the President for his assent as the Bill could not be passed because of the pandemonium in Parliament over the petrol pump allotment scam. Surprisingly, even when Dr Kalam sought clarifications on some of the provisions of the Ordinance and returned it to the Union Cabinet for its reconsideration, no political party, including the Congress, raised any objection. Nor did they feel the need to call on the President to record their protest and dissociate themselves from the Ordinance before he gave his assent. Clearly, now that there is public revulsion on the Ordinance, the dissenting political parties are trying to present a holier-than-thou image of themselves before the people. Given their past record and approach to electoral reforms, the belated concerns reflect their false pretences. |
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New townships The Himachal Pradesh Government’s decision to set up three new townships in the state has ostensibly been taken with a view to boosting tourism and ensuring systematic and environmentally sustainable development of urban and suburban areas. The sites chosen for this purpose are Vaknaghat in Solan district, Sarahan in Shimla and Ghaghas in Bilaspur district. Some more may be in the offing. In fact, a comprehensive policy in this regard is claimed to have been drawn up, which aims at attracting private sector funding, expertise and technology for the development of townships that would cater to tourism, centres of higher learning and also decongest the existing towns in the state. All that sounds quite promising on the surface, but since the decision comes close on the heels of several others which allowed regularisation of encroachments and lifted the earlier ban on construction in core areas of Shimla, Dharamsala, Dalhousie and Manali, it rings an alarm bell. More than the people looking desperately for houses, it is the builders’ lobby which is going to be benefited tremendously. Of course, the construction activity will generate jobs and give a boost to the economy, but extreme care has to be taken that it does not become a tool in the hands of land mafia. A hard fact of life is that government after government has failed to keep illegal construction under check. Thanks to the underhand deals struck by builders, politicians and bureaucrats, there has been a mushrooming of buildings which have put tremendous additional burden on limited natural resources. The new townships will offer a midway path only if they are developed according to strictly monitored norms, which are not compromised to please one VIP or the other. What is noteworthy is that the areas earmarked for the new towns are not too far from the existing townships. An undesirable consequence might be that instead of relieving pressure on the old towns, the new ones may contribute further to it. One has to only look at the fate of Chandigarh. Panchkula and SAS Nagar were developed next door ignoring the protests of established planners on the plea that these would ease congestion in the Capital town. Nothing of the sort has happened. Instead, the new towns have put additional strain on the civic amenities in Chandigarh. Care must be taken so that history is not repeated in Himachal Pradesh. |
Widening rift in Bush Administration After travelling from coast to coast across the USA and meeting senior officials of the Bush Administration, academics, journalists, law makers and ordinary Americans, I cannot help noting the infighting and internal disarray that has marked the conduct of its foreign and national security policies. Washington had not witnessed such infighting since the days of the Carter Administration, when the State Department and White House were invariably at loggerheads, compelling Secretary of State Cyrus Vance to eventually resign. Vice-President Dick Cheney and Defence Secretary Donald Rumsfeld are now ranged against Secretary of State Colin Powell and his mandarins in the State Department on virtually every issue. CIA Director George Tenet lacks political clout and National Security Adviser Condleeza Rice is careful not to use her proximity to the President to take sides in the ongoing infighting. Nothing symbolises these deep chasms more than the raging debate within the Administration over recource to military action to remove President Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq. Even before he assumed office, President George Bush had been persuaded that his father had been ill-advised during the Gulf War in 1991 to hold back from carrying the war to its logical conclusion and unseating Mr Saddam Hussein. He was determined to set this right by sparing no effort to remove the Iraqi ruler from power. This approach enjoys widespread public backing in the USA where Mr Saddam Hussein is perceived as the embodiment of all evil, a supporter of terrorism and a ruler determined to acquire weapons of mass destruction in order to destroy Israel. The Vice-President, the Defence Secretary and their supporters are determined to use force, if necessary, to overthrow the Iraqi ruler. Mr Colin Powell is averse to any such action. Backing Mr Powell are such Republican notables as Mr Brent Snowcroft, National Security Adviser to Mr George Bush (Senior), and influential Republican Senator Richard Lugar, apart from the Generals in the Pentagon. In this situation, the Bush Administration appears immobilised and internationally isolated in its efforts to build a domestic and international consensus for taking military action against Iraq. Efforts to establish links between Mr Hussein and Osama bin Laden’s Al-Qaeda have fallen flat. Video tapes obtained by CNN show Osama characterising Mr Hussein as an evil person. What is even more embarrassing is that while the Administration accuses Mr Hussein of seeking to acquire weapons of mass destruction, evidence is emerging that chemical weapons are indeed being put together in Iraq, not in areas that the Iraqi government controls, but in the Kurdish-controlled areas of Northern Iraq that are protected from the Iraqi armed forces as “no fly zones” by the American and British Air Forces. The Administration now finds itself confronted with a situation in the Persian Gulf where Iran (described as a member of the “axis of evil”) has built new bridges of cooperation with its erstwhile rival Saudi Arabia, in opposing any military intervention in Iraq. Mr Tony Blair alone is ever willing to follow the American lead. Major European powers like France and Germany have made their distaste for precipitate or unilateral military action against Iraq known. Similar differences have characterised the approach to Arab-Israeli issues. It required the personal intervention of President Bush to resolve raging differences between Mr Powell and others on the role of Chairman Yasser Arafat for American policies to assume a measure of coherence. Uncertainties about US policies on China continue. The Clinton Administration followed a policy of virtual appeasement towards China. It chose to deliberately ignore China’s nuclear and missile proliferation policies and its involvement in purloining nuclear weapon designs from the Lawrence Livermore Laboratories in California. The Bush team had asserted that it would handle China toughly and realistically. A recent report by a congressional commission has called for a systematic and realistic evaluation of current trade and economic policies and for strict monitoring of high technology exports to China. But here again there are serious differences in approach to China between the Vice-President, the Defence Secretary and Conservative Republicans on the one hand and Mr Colin Powell and his State Department mandarins on the other. Mr Powell and his bureaucrats clearly prefer the Clinton approach of accommodating China, though the dividing line between accommodation and appeasement is pretty thin. Mr Powell seems quite prepared to perceive China as a partner in dealing with problems in the subcontinent — an approach New Delhi rightly finds objectionable. The differences within the Administration over the approach to Afghanistan and the war on terrorism have also been evident. It was largely because of Mr Powell’s reservations over the Northern Alliance taking over Kabul because of the concerns of his good friend Pervez Musharraf that the Pentagon had to wait for some time before it found that there was no alternative to using the Northern Alliance to advance and take over the Afghan capital. These differences also manifested over the question of allowing thousands of Pakistanis to be evacuated by air when Northern Alliance forces surrounded Kunduz. And even now the State Department spares no effort to see that the United Nations and others go out of their way to accommodate Pakistani sensitivities in Afghanistan. Travelling across the United States of America, one clearly gets the impression that the ordinary person on the street does not share the State Department’s starry-eyed view of Pakistan. I was reading Sundeep Waslekar’s book the “Future of Pakistan” on a flight from Washington to San Francisco when an elderly American lady seated next to me asked me if I was a Pakistani. I told her that I was from India. “Thank God”, she said “because that country (Pakistan) has no future”. A wide section of the political establishment in the USA shares this view, but is mortally frightened about how it would handle the fallout of an increasingly dysfunctional nuclear armed Pakistan. Mr George “Dubya” Bush came to power with a determination to improve relations with India, showing due regard for India as a regional power in the Indian Ocean region. He obviously intends to proceed in this direction. But the tensions following the attack on India’s, Parliament by Pakistani terrorists have clearly led to new complications. Mr Bush had categorically asked General Musharraf to permanently end support for cross-border terrorism. After promising to do so, the good General has led the Americans up the garden path. We should now leave it to the Americans to decide how they are going to get their favourite General to fulfil the promises he made to the US President. While making it clear that India reserves the right to act in its best interests when the situation demands. The tension between India and Pakistan should not be allowed to become the predominant focus of our bilateral dialogue. The focus of our diplomacy should be on pointing out to the Americans that despite all their talk treating India as a great democracy and a regional power in its own right, the State Department has done nothing to do away with a regime of technology controls that is more stringent than what the USA adopts with regard to China. The strange phenomenon of the USA delaying the only country that responded immediately and positively to President Bush’s missile defence plan access to Israeli missile defence systems should be highlighted. These are the issues that should dominate the forthcoming Bush-Vajpayee summit in New York. The tensions with Pakistan can be discussed by Ms Christina Rocca at length with her counterparts, Mr Jayant Prasad and Mr Arun Singh, in South Block. |
“Do you know who I am?” “Do you know who I am?” True to his tradition, the British constable did not choose to reply. According to what he had learnt, it did not matter who commits the offence. An offence is an offence. In this case, the person guilty of the disorderly conduct went to the extent of threatening even the officer in charge of the operation. But then, one thing which the British have learnt over hundreds of years is that law is sacred and cannot be violated. I do not know anything about Gurbax Singh who is said to have made these remarks. Going by the name, it is reasonable to presume that he comes from the state of Punjab. He must have spent quite some years in the UK and also distinguished him in some way. Not so long ago, he was nominated Chairman of the Race Relations Commission which is a very high powered body in the UK. It also carried, a salary of 1,20,000 pounds per year. It is another matter that, along with his conviction in a court of law where he was fined 500 pounds plus legal expenses, he had also to resign from his job. A person who was guilty of disorderly conduct could not continue to be in that prestigious position! One cannot but feel sorry for poor Gurbax Singh. As the newspapers say, on that exciting day, he perhaps took more alcohol than he could carry. With the rate of scoring going up and India making a good show, he got so excited that he just forgot who he was and where he was. He got so carried away by what was happening that he ignored whatever he was told not to do. The British tommy, however, is trained to follow the rules and he did so, without any fuss. In this single act of conviction on the basis of his disorderly conduct, the British have conveyed us a message which is: “We in India do not observe the law.” Till 1947, things were vastly better. Except for some occasional lapses, the British who had imported the concept of law and formalised it, observed it by and large. Since then a new breed of rulers in India has come up. One thing that they have learnt is to ask anyone who questions them: “Do you know who I am?” No one should forget that after the Mughals, during the period of decline and decadence in particular, there was utter lawlessness in several parts of India. By acting firmly and legally, the British imposed a new form of order. That explains, amongst other things, why the British could rule India with so few of their countrymen to assist them. After the Mutiny, in 1861 to be precise, the British passed what is known as the Police Act. After a century and a half, we are not inclined to even amend that Act to bring it in line with the contemporary situation. This would mean depoliticising the police. On the other hand, it suits every political party to manipulate the police force as it suits them. In plain words, the magic phrase, “Do you know who I am?” continues to work. |
The divine dispensation around us In my earlier pieces on the nature of the sublime, I sought to explore the quality of experience in those moments when we are touched by the ineffable and the subliminal. As a rule, we associate the sublime with a certain amount of loftiness — in thought or word, in music and poetry, in a brush with the awesome glory of mountains, or with vast spaces and waters, among many another wondrous works of God and man. However, a little thought will show that even the small and the lowly — a cooing dove, a humming bee, a frisking bunny may bring one close to the feeling of sublimity when the receiving imagination and the perceiving eye create a true coordinate of vision. To Wordsworth, for instance, even “the meanest flower” could give thoughts “too deep for tears”! The divine’s around us, and one may never know when it touches one’s spirit. We think of the sublime chiefly in relation to the religious experience, or in relation to the sacred in life. We may recall Marcia Eliade’s discussion of the sacred and the profane in this connection. It may be interesting to know that the word “sacred” is derived from the Latin, sacere (holy) and facere (to make sacrifices). Thus, a traffic with the sacred in whatever form involves the concept of sacrifice, and if pursued further, it leads one to thoughts of martyrdom — of human spirit of the heights. However, we seldom pause to think that the secular (civic life, no religious interference in public, political life) too does not preclude the sublime. In fact, since we live more on the lower plateaus of life, and the quotidian drives us along, we often fail to see the sublime nestling close to us in the secular world. It must also be understood that the religious and the secular are not two opposed categories of experience; they are continually interacting it. For we are, for the most part of the day, concerned with the duties, obligations and rights of civic life. The religious experience, of course, is higher and subsumes the social-civic. The 19th century Danish Christian existentialist philosopher, Soren Kirkegaard, for instance, ponders life at three places — the aesthetic, the moral, and the religious in that order. The religious overtops everything, and is all-inclusive. But, the creature life, as I have said earlier, is concerned with the daily business and traffic of things. And since the sublime must abide under all circumstances, its touch in secular life is self-evident. It’s amazing how the sublime wears the robes of humility and service to exhibit its nature. Even if we may not talk of a Mother Teresa (who has now been canonised), saintliness, even otherwise, is often working in our backyard, unseen, unbetokened, unrecognised. And then, there are persons of a higher human consciousness who help create an ambience of sublimity through their sewa in the cause of the lowly and the abandoned. A Bhagat Puran Singh, a Bhagwant Singh Dalawari serving the lepers and feeding them being the sublime down to a level where the heavens meet the earth. Such souls “receive” a message and a mandate from above, and once they commit themselves to the cause, sublimity is not far away. For they have taken life qua life as sacred, as a divine dispensation, as a gift of God. As such, the sublime comes to dwell there among the diseased and the healers alike. Ordinary mortals cannot imagine how a man enjoying the good things of life and rank can suddenly turn around and throw away a prestigious post (Bhagwant Singh Dalawari was in the Indian Foreign Service, posted in Paris when in an epiphanic moment, he decided to quit, and move to an obscure leper colony in a small town of Maharashtra). Shall we style it as a call of the Sublime? A question to consider. |
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Kabul television bans Indian films The authorities in Kabul have banned Indian films from state television and women singing from the radio, Afghan officials said on Wednesday, in a continuing struggle for influence between Islamists and moderates. "A letter has been issued to officials to drop Indian movies as well as foreign TV series from the TV and also women's songs from the radio," one television official told Reuters on condition of anonymity. Engineer Mohammad
Ishaq, the head of Kabul TV and Radio, made the decision without any prior warning, the official added.
Ishaq is a senior member of the Northern Alliance, which dominates President Hamid Karzai's government and helped the United States oust the fundamentalist Taliban regime last year. Ishaq was not immediately available for comment. After five years of Taliban rule, when strict Islamic sharia law was imposed and public music and television banned, Afghans have enjoyed new freedoms this year. Fresh restrictions are a sensitive issue for Karzai and his Information Minister Sayed Raheen
Makhdoom, who have generally followed a more liberal course. Indian films, with their mix of melodrama, romance, songs and theatrical fighting, have become hugely popular, and restaurants throughout Afghanistan compete for customers by showing them. Ironically, Indian films -- and images of women singing -- are regularly shown on state television in Kandahar, the deeply conservative former stronghold of the Taliban. Both also appear on television in the northern city of
Mazar-i-Sharif. But Kabul TV has remained under the influence of more conservative elements of the Northern Alliance, and images of women singing have not been allowed on television.
Ishaq's predecessor, Abdul Hafiz Mansoor -- another Northern Alliance official -- was dismissed several weeks ago by
Makhdoom. Reuters
In another sign Hong Kong's economy may be going to the dogs, a local pet shop is renting out pooches by the week in a bid to bring in more business. Shop owner Danny Tam said his strategy of "rent first, buy later" could also cut down on the growing number of dogs being abandoned in the territory because their owners have grown tired of them. "This allows consumers to decide if they really want to keep pets and it also helps generate business," Tam told Reuters in a telephone interview on Wednesday, shouting over the noise of yelping dogs in the background. Tam said his business has grown five fold since he launched the new marketing strategy in early summer and fewer than 10 percent of his dogs have been returned. Rental charges vary from HK$700 to HK $1,400 (US $90-180) a week, depending on the breed of the dog. But customers have to pay a deposit equal to the full value of the animal.
Reuters
German researchers said on Tuesday they had found traces in coffee of a substance which some experts fear could cause cancer. Researchers for German ecology magazine
Oeko-Test discovered acrylamide, which can cause cancer in animals, in all 24 brands of ground coffee and seven brands of espresso they tested. “It was known that there is acrylamide in coffee beans,”
Oeko-Test editor Hella Hansen told Reuters. “We wanted to know how much of it gets into a cup of coffee.” The test found the substance was present in brewed coffee, although in much lower quantities than in ground coffee beans. Preliminary scientific studies have found that acrylamide — a substance found in french fries, potato chips, water and carbohydrate rich foods such as bread that are fried or baked — can cause cancer in animals. The World Health Organisation (WHO) said in June acrylamide was a cause of concern but more research was needed about the possible effect on humans. It repeated its long-standing nutrition advice — eat a balanced and varied diet, and limit consumption of fried and fatty foods. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has also said the information currently available about acrylamide is not sufficient to assess the impact of the substance on public health. Coffee has been the subject of a wide range of studies, looking at its link to cancer, heart disease and infertility. According to the American Cancer Society “the vast majority of studies agree that coffee has not been shown conclusively to have a link to bladder, breast, lung, pancreatic, prostate or any other cancers”. Earlier studies found that some compounds in coffee seemed to be
anti-mutagenic — to prevent DNA damage. Experts point out coffee is a highly complex food and no studies of a single compound are likely to show for certain what its health effects might be. The head of the German coffee federation, Winfried
Tigges, said acrylamide was not present in raw coffee beans, but was formed when they were roasted.
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Think positively about ageing Negative thoughts about ageing that people pick up from society may be cutting years off their lives, says a new study. The study conducted at Yale University’s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health found that older people with more positive self-perceptions of growing older lived 7.5 years longer than those with less positive self-perceptions on the subject. The higher longevity for those with more positive attitudes toward ageing remained even after other factors were taken into account, including gender, socio-economic status, loneliness and overall health. “The effect of more positive self-perceptions of ageing on survival is greater than the physiological measures of low systolic blood pressure and cholesterol, each of which is associated with a longer lifespan of four years or less,” said the study. “It is also greater than the independent contributions of lower body mass index, no history of smoking, and a tendency to exercise, each of these factors has been found to contribute between one and three years of added life.” In the same study, the researchers also find that the will to live partially accounts for the relationship between positive self-perceptions of ageing and survival, but does not completely account for a difference in longevity. Another factor likely to be involved, according to the researchers, is the cardiovascular response to stress, which Levy’s earlier research has shown can be adversely affected when elderly people are exposed to negative stereotypes of ageing. These negative views of ageing can operate without older people’s awareness, say the researchers, because they are thought to be internalised in childhood and unlikely to be consciously evaluated as people get older.
IANS She risks jail for reading husband’s mail Curiosity killed the cat and it could land one Italian wife in jail for a year. A man in the northeastern city of Turin has taken his wife to court for repeatedly opening his personal mail, despite his stream of pleas to stop. The Italian news agency ANSA said on Tuesday a Turin court had opened an inquiry into the complaint. ANSA did not name the couple but said the wife’s prying could be punished by a prison sentence or a 516 euro (dollar) fine.
Reuters |
The first thing is to be oneself. And the second thing is to know who one is. So remain yourself. Remain neutral. Try to become more and more aware of what this life current is that is running in you. Who is beating in your heart? Who is behind your breathing? Doubt not half-heartedly. Doubt with your total intensity so that doubt will become like a sword in your hand, and it will cut all the garbage that has gathered around you. Doubt is to cut the garbage and mediation is to wake yourself. These are two sides of the same coin, because burdened with all the garbage you will not be able to wake up. That garbage will create sleep in you; that is its function. It is meant to keep you asleep. If you become aware of something, then there is a possibility that something can be done to change it. People have lived in misery, accepting it as part of life, as their destiny. Nobody has questioned it. Nobody has asked why? There is something of immense importance about truth: Unless you find it, it never becomes truth to you. If it is somebody else’s truth and you borrow it, in that very borrowing it is no longer true — it has become a lie. It is always necessary to begin with the negative, with the no. If you want to reach to the yes, you have to say a thousand ‘noes’ to find one yes in life. Because your whole life has been ruined by so many people, you will have to say no to all those people. And after a thousand ‘noes’, perhaps you may find yourself in a state where you can say yes. — Shree Rajneesh (Osho) Words from a man of no words
*** There is no death, no birth; there is no one in bondage; no one aspiring to knowledge; there is no seeker after liberation, no one liberated. This is the Absolute Truth. — Karika |
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