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Victims of system Bhagalpur re-enacted |
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Drug pricing at will Government looks the other way IT was not just a minister’s son caught in a sting operation by a television channel boasting that his factory could print any MRP on medicines, the practice seems to be fairly common. The role of the Central minister of state concerned will have to be investigated as there are reports that the Prime Minister had directed the Finance Ministry as early as December 8, 2006, to withdraw the exemption from MRP-based excise duty given to manufacturing units in certain hill states, but the Finance Ministry has so far failed to comply with his directive.
Pakistan tomorrow
Harvest at last
Winning hearts and minds Left shadow over nuclear deal US feels housing market’s pain
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Victims of system THE gunning down of a Dalit youth by three unidentified persons in Haryana’s Gohana town and the statewide bandh organised in protest against the incident on Wednesday once again highlight the plight of Dalits in the state. Violence against Dalits is becoming common in Haryana. Hardly a month passes without reports of atrocities against these deprived people. In March, at least 200 Dalit houses were burnt by an upper caste mob in a village in Karnal. In most cases, their basti is attacked, property looted and houses are burnt. The administration acts in its lazy style but only after the damage is done. This shows it has little interest in protecting the lives and property of Dalits. In March, the National Campaign on Dalit Human Rights demanded that Haryana be declared an atrocity-prone area, where people have to suffer because of having been born in a Dalit family. There can be no bigger shame than this at a time when the world is getting transformed into a global village with India as its significant member. Every incident of this kind damages the image of the country. Dalits are no longer prepared to take it lying down. Their increasing anger may lead to a major social crisis, threatening peace in Haryana and beyond. The Bhupinder Singh Hooda government cannot afford to take the situation lightly. One factor that has often been pointed out as being responsible for the state’s inability to end the plight of Dalits is their poor representation in the police and other departments of the administration. According to the Confederation of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Backward Castes Organisations, there is no proper implementation of the reservation policy in Haryana. There is no reservation in the matter of promotions. As a result, the representation of Dalits in the government departments is abysmally low, particularly in the case of Class I and Class II posts. The ruling Congress had promised in its election manifesto to undo the wrong done to Dalits, but nothing has happened so far. The promise must be honoured in the interest of peace and justice in Haryana.
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Bhagalpur re-enacted THE ghastly manner in which an alleged chain-snatcher was thrashed by an irate mob and then tortured by the policemen of Bhagalpur in Bihar needs to be condemned in the strongest possible terms. When some people were beating 20-year-old Mohammad Aurangzeb black and blue, the police, instead of saving him from their clutches, made matters worse. An Assistant Sub-Inspector of Police and a constable tied the man to their motorcycle and dragged him across the street until he lost his consciousness. The video clipping aired by the television channels sent shock waves throughout the country. It also demonstrated how cruel and inhumane these policemen were. Even if it is true that the stolen gold chain of a woman was found in his possession, he did not deserve this kind of punishment. What happened was a flagrant violation of human rights and a serious breach of the criminal justice system. Ironically, the incident is similar to the infamous blinding case in 1980 when some policemen of Bhagalpur district poured acid into the eyes of 31 undertrials. This time, the policemen may not have poured acid into the chain-snatcher’s eyes, but their despicable conduct proves that they have lived up to their notorious image. If the Bhagalpur police continues to violate human rights with impunity, it is only because of the poor leadership and bad governance in the state during the last few decades. What is particularly disturbing is Chief Minister Nitish Kumar’s reaction to the ghastly incident. Of course, his government has ordered suspension of the two insensitive policemen bowing to public pressure. However, his initial response to the incident did throw wrong signals and would do little to improve the sullied image of the state police. In fact, his tiff with the District Magistrate of Saharsa is a reflection of his attitude. How could he peremptorily transfer the District Magistrate on the flimsy ground that the latter failed to recognise his voice over the telephone? The Chief Minister would do well to ensure that the policemen and officials perform their duty, rather than check whether they can make out his voice over the telephone. |
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Drug pricing at will IT was not just a minister’s son caught in a sting operation by a television channel boasting that his factory could print any MRP on medicines, the practice seems to be fairly common. The role of the Central minister of state concerned will have to be investigated as there are reports that the Prime Minister had directed the Finance Ministry as early as December 8, 2006, to withdraw the exemption from MRP-based excise duty given to manufacturing units in certain hill states, but the Finance Ministry has so far failed to comply with his directive. The Finance Minister, too, had reportedly indicated its implementation. It was Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee who had announced income tax and excise concessions and capital investment subsidy to boost industry in the states of Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Jammu and Kashmir in March 2002. This prompted several industries to set up new units or relocate their existing production facilities to these states. Reports say that more than 250 pharmaceutical industries moved their units from Punjab and Haryana to Himachal Pradesh, causing bitterness in the two neighbouring states. The tax concessions were in violation of the spirit of the value added tax (VAT), which was aimed to bring uniformity in the tax structure countrywide. Reports of misuse of these benefits have appeared off and on but none has taken any serious notice. Drug companies from various parts of India get drugs manufactured on contract through the units located in the hill states to take advantage of the tax concessions. Drug manufacturers in Himachal Pradesh, as the TV channel has showed, feel free to print whatever price traders and buyers want. The drug industry has become notorious for malpractices like overcharging. There are fake medicines circulating in the market. The law enforcement apparently remains lax or maybe violations are allowed for a consideration. Nobody bothers about the ultimate victim — the poor patient. |
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The heaventree of stars hung with humid nightblue fruit. — James Joyce
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Pakistan tomorrow
Sixty
years is a long enough time in a country’s history from where one can try and do some crystal-ball gazing to see what the future holds for that country. Here an attempt is being made to see where Pakistan will stand in the year 2022 when that country will be 75 years old. We project three possible scenarios, all of which depend critically on the nature of the Pakistani state. The underlying assumption in all three scenarios is that the state remains the driving force inside Pakistan. In other words, the Pakistani state has not withered away and continues to exercise and determine the actions of various players. Scenario one: A liberal Pakistan - Under the leadership of Gen Pervez Musharraf Pakistan starts making a break with its obsession with radical Islam. The General puts Pakistan on the progressive path and initiates major reforms in the education system. The Pakistan government carries out a purge of Islamists from within the ranks of the establishment and starts the process of cleansing the politics of the influence of the Islamists. There is a severe backlash from the Islamists and Islamic terrorism reaches a peak. General Musharraf is assassinated and his successor General vows to continue on the path drawn by General Musharraf. The mainstream political parties are rehabilitated but under a Turkish-style supervision of the Army. The West opens the floodgates of economic and financial assistance to help Pakistan in its fight against the radicals. The military-directed polity increasingly looks towards India for support. The security agencies start coordinating their actions against the Islamists. The issue of Kashmir remains unresolved, but both sides move towards a situation where despite their differences on Kashmir they set up cooperative mechanisms that normalise the daily lives of the Kashmiri people on both sides of the LoC. The military allows the politicians to negotiate with the ethnic nationalists in Balochistan and Sindh, and a large degree of provincial autonomy is granted. The western borderlands continue to remain unsettled, but the Pakistan army steadily increases its hold over the region. With radical Islam no longer being supported by the state, the Talibanisation of the Pashtun belt is overturned. For this the Pakistani establishment makes use of Pashtun nationalist parties like the ANP and the PMAP. Despite the incidents of terrorism, Indians become the largest investors in Pakistan and the Western nations also pour money into the Pakistani economy. Scenario two: A radical Pakistan - General Musharraf’s policies produce a severe backlash from the Islamic lobby in Pakistan. The American pressure on Pakistan mounts and General Musharraf is unable to resist US demands. As discontent rises, things reach a breaking point with large-scale demonstrations against the regime. The army finally rebels against its chief and, with the help of jihadi groups, carries out a bloody coup against General Musharraf. A clique of generals takes over, but the real influence is wielded by the radical parties like the Jamaat-e-Islami and jihadi organisations like the Jamaatud Dawa. The Americans panic and start pulling out of Pakistan, which announces that it will defy the West. With jihad back in fashion, Pakistan once again starts exporting jihad to India and Afghanistan. The Americans find themselves helpless, given Pakistan’s nuclear saber-rattling. Economic sanctions are imposed and there is huge capital flight out of Pakistan. Businesses fold up and the intelligentsia starts escaping in droves. The Islamic system is imposed and the Shias are declared non-Muslims. With cross-border terrorism reaching a peak, tensions mount on the borders with India. The Americans carry out routine air-raids on the tribal belt in Pakistan which further escalates tensions. The Americans, Indians and Iranians make common cause and start supporting the insurgency in Balochistan. Sindhi nationalists and MQM are also supported against the Pakistani state. Pakistan increasingly heads towards a civil war-like situation to escape which 20 million people cross the border into India. In Afghanistan, the fighting escalates and the Americans think of balkanising that country along ethnic lines. This further escalates the troubles inside Pakistan with the Pashtuns now demanding their share of the flesh. Frankly, the end-game in this scenario is too scary to contemplate. It could mean a break-up of Pakistan; it could mean that a tottering Pakistani state unleashes a nuclear holocaust, or it could mean endless instability in the subcontinent. Scenario three: A muddled Pakistan — The Pakistani state continues to run with the liberal hare and hunt with the Islamic hound. General Musharraf and/or his successor adopt a policy of benign neglect of the Islamists and at the same time half-hearted reform to please the West. The ethnic nationalism continues to simmer and occasionally erupts. The continuing instability drives out investors and businesses. The state remains on the drip of foreign assistance which naturally comes with riders. Since the state is unable to deliver on its assurances to donors, it continues to act on their diktats without actually delivering anything. This policy only adds to the strength and influence of the Islamists. The subordinate character of the top brass riles the rank and file of the army and discipline breaks down to an extent that commanders in the field are their own masters. Politics remains unsettled and the secret agencies continue to determine who will win elections. This only adds to the discontent among the populace which gravitates towards Islam as a succor to the drudgery and struggle for survival. Pakistan’s relations with India deteriorate again as the peace process is unable to sustain itself because of actions of jihadi groups all over India. Tensions once again mount on the borders. The Americans also feel the heat since the radical elements continue to target them in Afghanistan. Essentially Pakistan reaches the same point - economically, diplomatically and politically - that it had reached on the eve of 9/11. Sectarian tensions also start affecting the body politic since Sunni extremist groups gain influence over the polity. This affects the relations with Iran. In order to contain Pakistan, the neighbours start to mount counter-campaigns to destabilise Pakistan. The insurgency in Balochistan reaches a peak and the discontent in Sindh manifests itself in a civil insurrection against the central authority. Sindhi nationalists finally find a figure around whom they can coalesce and this is the daughter of the Mir Murtaza Bhutto. The Punjabi establishment launches a brutal crackdown to keep the country together and are assisted in this by the Pashtuns who in turn demand their share of the spoils from the Punjabis. The Pakistani establishment achieves a pyrrhic victory over the Sindhi and Baloch nationalists. But in this process the entire infrastructure in these two provinces is destroyed. A peace of the dead exists in these two provinces, the impact of which is felt inside Punjab as well. Terror cells of nationalists start mounting attacks on Punjab and the NWFP. Coupled with the threat of the Islamists, this new threat makes life impossible for the regime in Islamabad. As things deteriorate, there are coups and counter-coups and this destroys the institution of the army, which was the last bastion of a stable Pakistan. Clearly, unless Pakistan takes the liberal path, the implications for India 15 years hence will be horrific. India will be confronting a failed state at war with itself and with its neighbours. The real question before Indian policy makers is to figure out how they can isolate and protect India from the impact of a failed
Pakistan.
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Harvest at last
MOST people know about Mahabali who ruled Kerala aeons ago. In his time, policemen had no work as everybody had a contented life and nobody spoke lies, stole, raped or murdered. Even the Gods became jealous of his rule. At their prompting, Vishnu came down to earth to trick the King and send him forever to patal, the subterranean world. But before he went, the King extracted a promise from the Lord that he would be allowed to visit his subjects once a year. That day is Onam, which fell on Monday last. But for the secularly inclined, Onam is also the harvest festival of Kerala. The festival falls in the Malayalam month of Chingam when farmers harvest their crop and farm workers get work after the torrential rains in the month of Karkadakam which keep them confined to their homes. For a person like me who tries to make both ends meet with a salary whose real value has been on the downslide without any rebound, unlike the Sensex, Onam was never associated with harvesting. That is until I had the pleasant surprise of finding the banana plant in my kitchen garden coming to fruition a couple of months ago. It was no ordinary banana. My mother had personally de-rooted the baby plant and packed it so nicely that neither airport security nor co-passengers would frown upon it. I followed her advice in planting the sapling. Since then I had been watching every stage of its growth till it became a 10-footer and gave fruit. Whenever I spoke to mother on phone, she never forgot to inquire about the plant. Her joy knew no bounds when I e-mailed a photograph of the plant and she gave me some tips on nursing it. However, an attempt to take honey from the banana flower ended in a disaster when the flower broke off. I should have remembered that I could only remember and not relive my childhood. The disaster turned into an excellent dish when my wife cooked the flower. With Onam advancing, I would periodically ask my gardener, whom we call Maliji, whether the banana was ripe. “No, Sir, you will have to wait”, was his constant reply. A week before Onam, his advice was the same. With that, the curtains came down on my dream of cutting the banana bunch for Onam. A day before the great day, a friend’s mother, a septuagenarian, had dropped in on us. As is her wont, she made a round of our kitchen garden and told us that the banana bunch could be cut. Next day, I asked Maliji to check whether the bunch was ripe to be cut. He went, had a close look at it and came back with the shocking advice, “It is now ripe for subzi. If you want it in fruit form, you will have to wait for another month.” It was no ordinary banana. It was a very special, small, yellowish, tasty variety called “poovan”, which, I am afraid, has no English or Hindi equivalent. I had no plan to waste it as subzi, though it would have been the right course for a diabetic like me. My sixth sense prompted me to believe my friend’s mother, rather than Maliji. I decided to have a close look at the banana bunch. What awaited me was an unbelievable sight. One of the bananas had turned yellow and a small bird was pecking at it. With a little kitchen knife, I immediately cut the plant and took out the bunch of bananas. It was Onam day. For me, it was literally a harvest festival this time. Had I waited for a month as advised by Maliji, the birds would have had Onam for weeks
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Winning hearts and minds IN the Indian Army’s lexicon a new term “winning hearts and minds” of people in an insurgency-infested area has crept in. The term and the concept essentially apply to situations where foreign armies operate in an alien land, whereas the Indian Army, operating in the North-East and J and K, is fighting insurgency within own country and amongst own people. The two situations are completely different. What is called for and a task exclusively in the domain of the Government of India is to draw people of these regions into the national mainstream, provide corruption-free good governance with a focus on economic development. A task in which the Government of India and the nation have singularly failed, leaving these people with the feeling of alienation and at the mercy of the rapacious politico- bureaucratic combine and influence of hostile neighbours. It was a commander in Ladakh who first gave currency to the concept of, “winning hearts and minds.” He started preparing playing fields, school buildings, village tracks, drains, irrigation channels, extending electric connections to villages and running schools. Presentations of his work in this field, were given to visiting dignitaries, including the Home Minister of India. It was claimed that because of these efforts, the Army had been able to win, “hearts and minds” of people. Consequently, his area was free from the scourge of insurgency. This led to large funds being allotted to the Army to undertake such developmental work. Obviously, these dignitaries did not know the ethnic spread of the people in his area. Kargil district and the Siru valley up to the Pinsila Pass is populated by Shias. Beyond the pass lies the Zanskar region inhabited by Buddhists. North of Kargil, that is, beyond Mulbek, the Buddhists are in increasing numbers and the Indus valley is all Buddhists. In the area of Batalic are Dhrokes and Shias. North of the Ladakh Range is the home of Baltis. All these ethnic groups have had their hearts and minds in the right place and do not suffer alienation from the rest of the country. In fact, a feeling of animosity has prevailed against those in the valley for their neglect at the hands of successive governments in the state, dominated by politicians from the valley. By obfuscating the ethnic layout of his corps zone and attributing peace and quiet in the area to his efforts at winning, “hearts and minds” the corps commander, on the one hand, misled the ignorant and on the other, set a bad precedent, diverting the Army’s resources, focus and energies from its own essential tasks to earn a few brownie points. The civil administration, by shifting these tasks to the military, acknowledges its own past failures and inability to even now rise to the occasion and take up its bounden duty. At the same time placing such funds at the disposal of the Army leaves room for malpractices and distracts it from the main job of combating insurgency and training. But the real adverse fallout from this type of activity by the troops is their loss of pride and dignity when deployed on manual jobs for the civil population, while the latter sit and watch. Troops shorn of pride can achieve little. Using machinery to do up an odd school ground, extending medical help and limited canteen facilities may be acceptable. What the Army has to strive for is to earn the respect of the local population and their willing cooperation. This is possible when counter-insurgency operations are conducted in such manner that there are no casualties of innocents, damage to property and inconvenience to people. Search operations, where necessary, should be conducted with due courtesy to the elders, children and women. There should be no high-handedness and display of abrasive behaviour. Often where collateral damage is inevitable, it is better to lay siege and wait out and intercept insurgents as they attempt to escape. The longer the insurgents park themselves in a village the more the locals will be stressed and greater will be the loss of sympathy for them. It is the casualties amongst the innocents that lead to hostility towards the security forces, and consequent sympathy for the insurgents. Faulty intelligence results in wrong people being targeted. Third-degree methods of interrogation, torture and custodial deaths result in further alienation. Counter-insurgency operations by their very nature cannot be conducted in absolute sterility, yet where there are overwhelming compulsions and urgency, discipline and effective leadership can minimise damage. Insurgents are better engaged at their hiding places: in the forests and laying ambushes. It is best that the troops carry out their operation with due efficiency and speed and then retire to their camps: ready for the next engagement. Over-exuberance leads to excesses and is counter-productive. Their constant interaction or presence amongst the civil population is likely to lead to familiarity with its own fallout. In addition they become targets for suicide bombers. Excesses by the security forces take place when there is pressure from the top to “perform,” produce captured weapons and dead insurgents, or where there is over ambition to earn credit and awards. That is how fake encounters and cooked-up attacks come into play a l’a bunker capture at Siachen. Militaries cannot eliminate insurgencies altogether because their causes are complex and essentially related to economics, politics etc. Their solutions are outside the military’s domain. Insurgencies have their ups and downs and even periods of dormancy. They never go away unless the causes are comprehensively eliminated. Then there are vested interests, seeking profit from the state of uncertainty and its continuance. Even our interlocutors, one for the North-East and the second for J and K, are more focussed on stretching their tenures than on attempting a purposeful dialogue with the alienated. Insurgencies in the NE and J and K have often been brought down to acceptable levels by the military, but the political will to find solutions for the problems has been lacking the opening up of these areas, their economic development, finding political solutions and drawing people into the national mainstream should be a priority task for the nation while the military should do its job of combating insurgencies. |
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Left shadow over nuclear deal TILL the other day, our country looked like striding ahead with confidence towards its manifest destiny. Lately, however, there is some apprehension in the air because of the long shadows looming over its future from the Left. The Left has let loose hell over the Indo-U.S. nuclear treaty concluded recently. The Communists, no doubt, have hung like a millstone round the neck of the present government right through. However, earlier it was a case of back-seat driving and now they want the government to fall on its all four so that they can ride it. They do not seem to mind if, in the process, the country is reduced to the state of an international joker. It is, of course, difficult for the common man to understand the nuances of the nuclear deal. Nonetheless, a lot has appeared in the media about various aspects of the agreement, including some informed outputs from the scientific community. What needs to be understood from our angle is that the treaty apparently offers us certain benefits: (a) Our own scarce uranium resources could be used entirely for our nuclear deterrent (b) A steep push to our nuclear energy ambitions and upgradation of our nuclear technology (c) An opportunity to grow out of our Pakistan-centric policy compulsions and plug on to our global role in line with our size and I.Q. profile and (d) A chance to get formal recognition as a full-fledged nuclear power and eventual admission to the U.N. Security Council. The only significant disadvantage that we face is that we may find it difficult to hold nuclear tests to refine our nuclear arsenal unless the Americans choose to relent on this aspect. In any case, shall we be able to go for nuclear testing without inviting the wrath of the world community, even if this treaty is scrapped? The balance of advantage is, thus, clearly in our favour. Curiously, however, our comrades have as intense an allergy for everything American as perhaps Osama bin Laden has. The Indian Communists, however, are holding on to the red ideology as if their dear lives hang by it. You really cannot blame them because they have got nothing else to fall back upon. India, in any case, did not face the problems of the industrial West. By the time our own chimneys started spewing smoke, the industrial regulations were already in place and, in fact, the pendulum had perhaps swung to the other extreme. In the present context, there could be no going back on our nuclear deal with America, specially at this late stage, without causing an all-round damage to our clout in the world. That is why our enemies are already smiling in their sleeves at their attitude on this issue. As per various surveys, there is near unanimity over the deal in the country. If our comrades doubt the veracity of these surveys they can conduct a public survey of their own. They should not hold on to the technical argument that the majority in Parliament is against the treaty. This majority, composed as it is of strange bed-fellows, just wants to discomfit the government out of power so that they can themselves have a shot at it. There is nothing for the Communists there. Pakistan is dying to have a similar arrangement with the US and China is worried about our deal – not for our sake by any chance. And our comrades want the deal to be thrown out! If this leads to a perception in the country that they are making a common cause with China and Pakistan, they have only themselves to blame. It is not difficult to understand the geo-strategic games being played around us. Postures apart, the Americans see the fast-emerging China as a threat to their lone super-power status. They are, thus, interested in enlisting India as their strategic partner to counter-balance them. Similarly, China, at the moment, is working towards regional hegemony in Asia where India could be a hurdle. So it wants India to remain hyphenated with Pakistan to keep it entangled in the subcontinent itself. Now, it is for us to decide how we wish to hold our own in this situation. Till recently we have, for all practicable purposes, remained aligned with the Russian block. This American deal offers us an opportunity to emerge truly non-aligned. The comrades need to grasp the domestic reality also. With just 5 per cent vote, they hardly have any mandate to manage the affairs of the nation. The country may not have political parties capable of ruling of their own at present. Yet, two political poles, one led by the Congress and the other by the BJP, are definitely around to take turn on power at the Centre. The Communists have to hold on to one of these poles, if they wish to have any clout in the country. |
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US feels housing market’s pain A much-watched report on Tuesday showed U.S. home prices declining at their fastest pace in two decades, signaling that the nation's housing slump was worsening during what is normally the best time of year for residential real estate. Home prices dropped 3.2 percent in the second quarter compared to the same period last year, according to the S&P/Case-Schiller quarterly index, which tracks existing single-family home price trends in major metropolitan areas. It was the worst decline in the 20 years since the price barometer was inaugurated, said Robert Shiller, chief economist for MacroMarkets, a division of Standard & Poor's that calculates the index. "The pullback in the U.S. residential real estate market is showing no signs of slowing down," said Shiller, who was among those who forecast the end of the late 1990s stock market boom. The broad weakness evident in the nation's housing market is expected to intensify pressures on the U.S. economy. Still, the accelerated rate of decline in the Case/Shiller report "was not a surprise, given the recent downward trends in existing home sales, rising inventories and tightening credit conditions through the end of the second quarter and in the month of July," said Brian Bethune, an economist with research firm Global Insight of Lexington, Mass. Yet the rapid deceleration, he said, serves as a "sobering reminder that the nation's housing market was already on the ropes even before" world credit markets were thrown into a tailspin this month because of escalating mortgage delinquencies. In the month of June, 15 of the 20 U.S. markets tracked by the index showed declines, including a 4.1 percent drop in Los Angeles, a 7.3 percent decline in San Diego and a 4.0 percent decline in San Francisco. Other areas fared significantly worse, particularly in Detroit where prices plunged 11 percent. Phoenix suffered a 6.6 percent drop, and home values in Las Vegas where down 5.1 percent in June versus a year ago. By comparison, the Pacific Northwest is strong – with prices rising 7.9 percent in Seattle and 4.5 percent in Portland. Charlotte, N.C., rose 6.8 percent. Dallas and Atlanta were both up 1.6 percent. But it could be hard for people to disregard the onslaught of negative housing-related news. A separate report Tuesday showed U.S. consumer confidence taking its sharpest plunge in nearly two years in August in part because of ongoing housing woes. And representatives of the nation's home builders said that problems in the U.S. housing market had become so severe that they urged government intervention, including cuts in short-term interest rates. Meanwhile, the federal goverment is expected to report on Thursday that the U.S. median home price fell for the first time since it began keeping statistics since the 1950s.
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If we call him the Father of all, then why do we not realise our brotherhood?. Yes, there is no hope for a worldly man if he is not sincerely devoted to God.
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