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Friday,
May 11, 2001, Chandigarh, India  
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Gun-makers
all Unsafe
national capital
by Hari Jaisingh |
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Garden
umbrella umbrage
Sisters
in conflict
Estrada
and Jayalalitha: idols tainted by corruption
Irrigation Department cashier convicted
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Gun-makers all A
NATIONAL daily has called the far-reaching Cabinet decision of Wednesday as the second generation reforms. Actually they belong to the last generation since there is nothing that remains to be reformed. The range is breathtaking. The private sector can enter defence production in a big way; only ammunition-making is with the government-owned factories. The explanation is that 90 per cent of defence imports are manufactured by non-government companies, meaning that there is nothing wrong if Indian companies too join the suppliers list. The fact is that the ISRO asked a leading Mumbai-based engineering firm to make parts of the rocket assembly but only after providing it with drawings and advice. That is the point. In this highly sophisticated field, research to constantly improve the effectiveness of the weapons and equipment is as important as production skill. Military hardware is costly mainly because of the billions of dollars spent on defence scientists. That expenditure cannot be recovered by having one customer, in this case, the Indian government. It would mean entering the export market which is highly competitive. And also, as the Tehelka tapes revealed, it is a high bribe zone. Obviously, not much thought seems to have been given to these finer points. The idea is to display the earnestness of the country to dismantle all regulations which tended to keep away foreign capital from several industrial activities. Allowing such investment in defence items is, therefore, the clearest signal of the new policy thrust. The Cabinet has also thrown open a large number of industries and service sectors like hotels, telecom and airports to 100 per cent foreign direct investment. The sweep of the policy changes is as important as the timing. A loud and entrenched section of the Sangh Parivar is getting uneasy with liberalisation and globalisation. BMS (the RSS trade union wing) chief Dattopant Thengdi has gone to the extent of singling out Finance Minister Yashwant Sinha for harsh criticism, calling him a “criminal and a turncoat”. That jolted the government and there was also a report that Mr Sinha wanted to or actually resigned, and the Prime Minister helped him change his mind. The decisions on Wednesday show that those of the BJP who are running the government are prepared for a confrontation and an important step was the long lunch meeting last week. It is also possible that top leaders of the Sangh Parivar have let the government know that they will tone down their criticism and allow it to get on with its task. |
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Unsafe national capital THERE is a great difference between a bomb blast in New Delhi’s Raisina Hills, the seat of the Union Government, and a similar incident in Srinagar. Sena Bhavan, the headquarters of the Army, where two crude bombs went off on Wednesday afternoon, is a stone’s throw away from the Prime Minister’s Office. The incident is quite upsetting for the ordinary citizen. How can he feel safe while boarding a train or a bus, or shopping in the national capital when terrorists can penetrate such sensitive areas as the one where Sena Bhavan is located? Some time ago a crude bomb was found in a parking lot in North Block and another such explosive device in Palika Bazar, a fashionable shopping centre in Connaught Place. The point to be taken note of is that no area is safe from saboteurs, not even the PMO and Army Headquarters. This is shameful, to say the least, for a country which should remain on high security alert because Pakistan’s ISI and its agents are working overtime implement their unholy designs. Whether there has been any major human or material loss is not as significant as the fact that saboteurs have been successful in planting bombs in New Delhi’s high security zone. This clearly shows that those supposed to provide foolproof security at least in the most sensitive areas are sitting idle. It seems there is no vigilance worth the name. That we have a callous intelligence network has been proved many times. It has cost the nation dear — two well-known examples being the Kargil crisis and the killings of BSF jawans on the Indo-Bangladesh border. If we refuse to learn lessons the posterity will never forgive us. It is learnt that a blaming game is on between the Delhi police and Army Headquarters with regard to the responsibility of providing security in the Sena Bhavan area. Passing the buck will not do. The police cannot run away from its duty. Since the incident has occurred outside Sena Bhavan, it is the police which will have to do all the explaining. The police authorities and other security agencies need to remember the threats issued by the Lashkar-e-Toiba after the Red Fort shootout on January 21 and on another occasion near Lahore. It had declared its intention to strike at vital installations in Delhi, and now there is sufficient proof that it is busy implementing its threat. At a Lashkar gathering near Lahore some time ago it was openly said that its suicide squads would attack even the PMO to achieve the terrorist outfit’s “objectives”. What has happened near Sena Bhavan and North Block should be taken as a wake-up call. Are those in charge of our security agencies listening? The country must give a befitting reply. We have to shed our fatalist attitude while dealing with security matters. Fatalism can also be interpreted as indifference and must not be tolerated. |
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Mobilising “collective reaction” against militants AMIDST confusing signals emanating from the valley, it is not clear whether New Delhi is working according to a plan to tackle the Kashmir tangle. Total clarity in policy and coordination in approach are essential ingredients for its successful handling. The working of the various ministries and key personalities engaged in this complex task does make one confident if the issues are seen in proper perspective. To say this is not to question the bona fides of the persons at the helm. They are a well-meaning lot. The problem arises when their responses are either half-baked or half-hearted or totally misplaced. They either show lack of appreciation of the ground realities or the absence of common sense in coming to grips with the core issues. As it is, neither the political atmosphere nor the security scenario has seen any substantial change since the unilateral ceasefire announced by Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee on November 28. Take the case of the All Party Hurriyat Conference (APHC). It first supported the Prime Minister’s peace initiative but later buckled under the pressure mounted by agencies across the border and their militant groups. It also must be said that the APHC got some political boost in the valley because of the clumsy handling of the situation by South Block . This happened at a time when the pro-Pakistan conglomerate in the valley was, for all practical purposes, down and out in public esteem. The passport issue gave the Hurriyat leaders an opportunity to bring themselves to the centrestage of politics in Kashmir. Who is responsible for this? The APHC has already rejected the offer for talks unless its five-member team is first allowed to visit Pakistan or parleys are held by involving Islamabad. In this context, the decision of the Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party chief, Mr Shabir Shah, to join the dialogue on certain conditions has not helped to break the deadlock, though it has sharpened the differences among the separatists. It is a sad fact that proper coordination does not exist between the Prime Minister’s Office and the Home Ministry, as well as between the state government and the various Central agencies. Mr Brajesh Mishra, National Security Adviser and Principal Secretary to the Prime Minister, has had his own ideas. He often gave the impression of working at cross-purposes vis-a-vis the Home Ministry. The Home Ministry itself has never been clear about the goals and objectives. Mr L.K. Advani has often struck postures which he could hardly act upon. Remember his pro-active policy declaration? What came out of it? Pakistan and its militant groups became pro-active across the border and in the valley! In the process, our military establishment has suffered operationally because of mixed signals from the political bosses. To what extent Mr K. C. Pant will be able to clear the mess is anybody’s guess. Much depends on the support he receives from the central agencies and the state government for the mission assigned to him. Going by the former Defence Minister’s track record, some critics have reservations about the outcome of his mission. It will, however, be unfair to dismiss Mr Pant as a person of no consequence. He has the requisite maturity and experience to take things forward. This will, however, require serious homework and correct understanding of men, matters and issues. Mr Pant has started his work in right earnest. But the moot point is: does he realise the multi-dimensional nature of the problem he has been asked to handle? One, it is necessary for him to succeed that Mr Pant works out both short-term and long-term goals and objectives within a broad policy framework. Call this an agenda, if you like. Two, he needs to identify the mistakes and blunders of past policies and programmes. Three, he has to properly assess the fallout of these mistakes, most of which continue to be part of the present order. Four, several new factors which are now at play remain to be examined afresh historically as well as in relation to the changing ground realities. Five, new sources of trouble in the valley have to be regularly monitored and properly assessed. It will also be worthwhile to identify old and new channels through which arms and money flow into the valley and beyond. It is no secret that violence in the valley is funded by drug money. Six, it is necessary to make an objective assessment of the new players supported and funded by Pakistan. Seven, it is also necessary to evaluate the performance of the government headed by Chief Minister Farooq Abdullah. Why has his political base eroded over a period? Is it because of the lack of adequate central support? Or is it a case of sabotage from within? Why has his administration failed to meet the people’s expectations? The power of the gun is no doubt a great silencer. But having known Dr Abdullah’s guts and courage, one can say that he could have delivered the goods. But nothing of the sort has happened. Why? Just one example. Dr Abdullah was never fully consulted when the Prime Minister announced the unilateral ceasefire and also offered a dialogue with the Hurriyat leaders. Herein lies the Indian tragedy. The Kashmir problem can be tackled within the framework of the Indian Constitution if the Indian authorities speak in one language and work in a coordinated and determined manner. The problem in Kashmir today is that no individual or group of individuals can claim to represent the people. When the APHC chief, Prof Abdul Ghani Bhat, says that he is not prepared to sit with “a crowd” for the proposed talks, he overlooks the fact that he and his conglomerate only represent the voice of Pakistan. Each one of the Hurriyat leaders harp on Islamabad’s participation in the talks, ignoring the fact that the 11-year-old militancy in Kashmir, as my colleague in Jammu M.L. Kak puts it, has not been God’s but Pakistan’s wrath against India. The real question now is: will the APHC leaders be able to hammer out a solution acceptable to other militant groups? If Mr Shabir Shah and others decide to hold talks with Mr Pant, will they succeed in resolving the dispute on the lines acceptable to Pakistan? What about the people of Kashmir as a whole? In their blind loyalty to Islamabad, the militant groups simply ignore the people of the two other regions of the state—Jammu and Ladakh. Now, the Ladakhis want a separate state, and understandably so. No individual in the valley has the stature once enjoyed by Sheikh Abdullah. He alone had the guts to sign the Delhi Agreement of 1972 and later opted for an accord with Indira Gandhi in 1975. Looking back, the Sheikh could have his way because guns were not booming then. But the situation has changed dramatically during the past 11 years as more than 30,000 people have been “slaughtered” by militants. The average Kashmiris understand this. They have often shown signs of defiance against the militant groups. In the recent panchayat poll they ignored the separatists’ boycott call and participated in grassroots democracy. No wonder, the polling percentage then ranged between 55 and 86 per cent. Even in the areas infested by militants the turnout was heavy. But then the problem with the Indian authorities is that they are hardly able to build on political gains. Where do we go from here? A lot depends on how Mr Pant goes about the business of holding discussions with the various interest groups. He has to play his cards carefully and intelligently. And the ground realities demand that he has to operate from Srinagar, Jammu and Leh and explore the possibility of talking to different groups in the state. Of course, some segments of the population may be reluctant to risk their lives by sitting with Mr Pant. However, the fact remains that a large number of individuals, including intellectuals, in Srinagar and even in the rural areas do not hesitate to abuse the militants privately for hijacking their paradise. The challenge here lies in mobilising “collective reaction”. This is one critical area where Mr Pant’s political skills will be severely tested. |
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Garden umbrella umbrage EVER since our neighbours started sunning themselves in their flower-laden garden in style-complete with a colourful garden umbrella, a golf-putting hole for practice and a drinks trolley for refreshments; it had become the proverbial “neighbour’s envy.” A keen desire to flourish similar swanky lifestyle took possession over our hearts. No flower could match the splash of a garden umbrella — the cynosure of our eyes — and now we had to get even a more beautiful one! The Millennium holiday to Orissa last year provided the much awaited opportunity to do so. Travelling from Bhubaneshwar to Konark, one drives through the village Pipli, famous for its applique work. As you drive through the small bazaar along the highway, the most beautiful garden umbrellas and wall hangings with colourful motifs of elephants, petals, and other floral designs dot the shop-fronts. As we entered one of the many shops; it had an amazing range of designs; each more fascinating than the other — like a collection of multi-hued butterflies in a garden. With time running out for our flight to Delhi; finally a choice was made and a deal clinched that looked like a bargain! Though immaculately packed, the long packet still posed a problem to be taken as cabin baggage in the plane; and was yet too delicate to take the wear and tear of checked-in baggage. Nevertheless, we took our chances, and carted it all the way to Chandigarh, to arrive in reasonably good shape! Ever since, we had been waiting for an appropriate day to set up our garden showpiece and flaunt the exotic objet d’art! But the weather gods failed to oblige. It remained cold and cloudy for a long spell. Even on days when the mornings were bright and sunny, by the time we would set up the umbrella, pull out chairs and the garden lounger — from nowhere, sudden clouds would appear to dampen our spirits and play kill-joys. Finally, in exasperation, we packed up the whole contraption and stored it in the loft, to be taken out only when the Sun God smiled for sure, without being fickle! And sure enough, much to our chagrin, our neighbours had theirs out, and it would remain sunny throughout the day without any climatic vagaries! As the winter chill gradually began to thaw and spring tiptoed into the garden, it bloomed with seasonal flowers and myriad butterflies fluttering all around. If ever there was a time to saviour the sun and celebrate the season it was now! Moreover, a garden umbrella was now truly required with the capricious sun becoming too warm at times, warranting shade from a canopy cover. To herald in the seasonal festivity, we zestfully organised a small garden party, to at last unfurl our long-delayed prized possession. The day was nice and bright, and the garden redolent with spring in the air. A makeshift bar had been also set up, to raise a toast to Vasant Ritu and our object of pride. The entire long wait seemed worth it. And just when the party seemed to be on a roll; suddenly a gust of wind began to pick up. It seemed manageable enough initially, but soon turned into a menacing storm. Everyone scurried inside for cover, as a light drizzle also set in. In the ensuing chaos crockery and glasses tumbled down and all the food bowls got splashed with rain water. And then right before our eyes the garden umbrella, too, tumbled down with the wind; blowing away all our cherished dreams. Perhaps, we should have propitiated the weather gods before buying it. Well, there shall always be another spring. Till then — may be, the good old chhatri will do! |
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Sisters in conflict WHEN
the men — fathers, husbands, sons and brothers — disappear and the state is no help, what do their families go through? In the first such initiative, women caught in the ongoing conflict in Kashmir and the North-Eastern states of India met recently under the aegis of the Oxfam India Trust to share their experiences. Although they came from different milieus, it was as if their agonising stories of fear, rape and sexual harassment had been scripted by the same pen. Kashmiri women were so inspired by the spirited determination shown by the North-Eastern women that they want to emulate them. They have invited them to come to Kashmir to teach them to organise themselves.
WFS
Artificial reefs from human ashes A funeral home is giving people the chance to have their ashes made into an artificial reef off the US coast. McAlister Smith Funeral Home in Charleston is working on the project with Atlanta’s Eternal Reefs Inc. For $850, the equivalent of £590, the reef company will include ashes in a dome-like structure. The ashes are mixed with concrete in the structure, which will be sunk in 45 feet of water about 10 miles from Charleston, South Carolina. A plaque honouring the deceased is included in the price, although cremation must be paid for separately. Funeral home manager Brad Evans says: “We thought this was a great idea because of how Charleston relates to the water. “Some people scatter their remains at sea or at the beach, but this will create a permanent memorial.” Bob Martore, who co-ordinates the state’s artificial reef programme, says: “We have memorial reefs named after people, but we’ve never actually had people in the reefs themselves.” Eternal Reefs has mixed the remains of about 60 persons so far, says company president Don Brawley.
Dog is Gunners “Fan of the Year” A dog has been given a football fan of the year award. Arsenal supporter Gibson, a guide dog, was given the award by phone firm One-2-One. The Labrador belongs to Wayne Busbridge of Gravesend in Kent. Mr Busbridge, who has been blind since birth, says : “He loves the Gunners and hates it when they lose. I hate to admit it, but I think Gibson is now a bigger fan than me.”
The Mirror
Horse’s head back in Mafia fashion The Sicilian Mafia has resumed its use of a horse’s head as a sinister warning sign. The warning had been used in the 1950s and 1960s but Mafia bosses found more subtle forms of discipline, says Italian newspaper La Stampa. It was famously depicted in The Godfather film. In the latest incident, a trade-union activist in Palermo, involved in a row over naval shipyard contracts, found a horse’s head in his car. The Times quotes La Stampa as saying local Mafia clans had traditionally controlled the allocation of jobs and resented union interference.
Stop naming diseases
after places Doctors may stop using names like German measles and Rocky Mountain spotted fever because they don’t want to hurt residents’ feelings. Finnish doctors say they’re concerned that Salla disease, a genetic disorder, has been named after a Finnish town. Other diseases, like Kumlinge disease and Pogosta disease, are also named after places in Finland. According to The Times the Finnish doctors said in a statement: “Germs and infectious agents can usually be found anywhere in the world. When giving names to diseases or pathological conditions, no names should be used, which could insult or have negative impact on persons, communities or regions.” Often, the doctor who discovers the disease has his or her name attached to it — like Huntington’s and Down’s Syndrome. Peter Lackman, President of the Academy of Medical Sciences, said: “The naming of diseases is something which has grown up in a quite unorganised way and this is probably inevitable. What is important is that a consistent name is always given. Otherwise this causes confusion. “For example, the English Disease is what the French used to call syphilis while the English called it the French. |
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Estrada
and Jayalalitha: idols tainted by corruption ON the day the AIADMK leader, Jayalalitha Jayaram, went to file her nomination papers for the Tamil Nadu State Assembly elections, she created a stampede. Her admirers occupied every available inch of space and cheered her. For them, it did not matter that the poll authorities would reject her nomination papers. The masses had their “darshan” of “amma” and that was enough. At a future date, if “Amma” was convicted of the corruption cases and actually sent to jail, we are sure to witness scenes of turmoil in Tamil Nadu. I would not rule out some diehard Jaya supporters killing themselves in frustration. This is a frightening scenario. Now, there may not be much in common between the political systems of India and the Philippines, but something similar to the Jaya impact was being felt there. Like Jayalalitha, Philippines leader Estrada was a popular actor who strayed into politics and was elected to the presidency with the largest-ever majority. His tenure, however, was shortlived. Estrada was involved in massive corruption cases and was thrown out of power. Today, he is in jail facing serious criminal charges. But that had not dented his popularity. The Philippines government led by President Gloria Arroyo is facing massive public protests from Estrada supporters who had been constantly out on the streets. The government had to impose martial law to control the situation. A public opinion poll in the Philippines conducted just before Estrada was impeached, said that while an equal number of people supported or opposed his performance as President, 47 per cent opined he could continue in office even while impeachment proceedings were on as against 36 per cent who wanted him to step down. The poll was conducted after Estrada’s cronies revealed details of the kickbacks received by him. The former President, it appeared, had a finger in every contract and siphoned off funds totalling millions of dollars. The tide turned against Estrada, particularly among the intelligentsia because he began to remind the people of a former dictator, Ferdinand Marcos. Estrada’s stand weakened after the Philippines Supreme Court ruled on April 3 that he was no longer the President of the country and therefore could not seek immunity from prosecution from corruption charges. It is significant that the Philippines Constitution was modelled on that of the USA and held the view that members of the Congress who were able to mobilise mass support on the streets, did not reflect public opinion in its entirety. Like Jayalalitha, Estrada draws most of his support from the urban poor. Millions of workers, housewives and the unemployed were solidly for the former President and believed he could do no wrong. The anti-Estrada forces were led by the elitist sections of society who understood the seriousness of the charges against the former President. Here again, the situation was similar to that involving Jayalalitha. The former Chief Minister had managed to retain the support of the urban and rural poor and the women, while she was being ridiculed by the urban dwellers and the elitist press. It is clear there are startling similarities in the cases of Jayalalitha and the former President of the Philippines. Yet, there are major differences in the two cases. Anyone who ruled the Philippines cannot ignore the roles of the armed forces and the police. Another former President, Ferdinand Marcos, could be thrown out of power only after his erstwhile friends, generals from the army, starting deserting him. President Arroyo is keeping her fingers crossed, hoping that the armed forces and the local police would stand by her. The generals had come out against Estrada when the facts about his corrupt practices and accumulation of wealth became public knowledge. But at that time, there was no indication of the massive public support for Estrada. But today, with the mobs pouring out on the streets in support of Estrada, the armed forces and the police can change their attitude. If that happened, the situation in Manila could become more serious. Fortunately, our Constitution has laid down different roles for the armed forces. They, along with the local police, do not play such decisive roles in making political changes. This is how a democracy should function. The armed forces and the local police will not react, this way or that way, whatever happened to Jayalalitha. Our police could favour politicians while they were in power a bit more enthusiastically than what was necessary. But the issue of the political leaders being in power or out of it, was decided by the people through ballot boxes. The problem of Estrada also leads to an interesting question. How sacred is the rule by Constitution? Should duly elected Presidents and Prime Ministers be voted out of office or removed through constitutionally approved methods? This is the problems facing the government in Manila. Estrada was thrown out of power by a mass movement, but today, the government had to counter mass movements which seemed to be supporting the former President! How much should this factor be taken into consideration while deciding the fate of Estrada? No one argued about the legitimacy of the corruption charges against Estrada. It was clearly proved that the former President had collected huge commissions from the illegal sale of lottery tickets, siphoned off tobacco taxes, operated bank accounts under false names and built huge mansions for his various mistresses. The January 20 demonstrations against Estrada had united different factions in Manila led by Fidel Ramos, Corazon Aquino and Cardinal Sin, the last two being regarded as the Conscience of the nation. Public anger was high, so were the public protests and Estrada had to quit. But the constitutional methods were not followed in his ouster. A President who had been elected with a huge majority was thrown out because of “people’s power”. It was something like the people’s movement launched by the late Jayaprakash Narayan who had planned to overthrow the ‘corrupt’ government of Indira Gandhi in the early 1970s. Marcos was also thrown out of power following public protests against massive corruption. But unlike Estrada, Marcos was a brutal dictator who could not understand the feelings of his people and felt he could rule the country with the help of the military. But today, with massive public protests in many parts of the country in favour of Estrada, how could President Aroyo put them down by imposing martial law? Political observers in Manila were disturbed over this issue. One cannot have double standards on the issues of public demonstrations and crowd support. There was also resentment among masses that former President Estrada was photographed in the jail by the media and was even fingerprinted by the police. Should this the way to treat former Presidents, who had not even proved guilty in the court of law? Jailing political opponents can boomerang on those who had ordered the arrests. Leaders like JP and Morarji Desai became public heroes after they were sent to jail by the Indira Gandhi government during the Emergency. The Janata government which came to power after the Emergency did not learn from this mistake. It sent Mrs Gandhi to jail and restored her popularity. Jaylalitha in Tamil Nadu had been arguing that the cases against her had been cooked up by the DMK government. The corruption charges had not made a dent in her popularity. The coalition led by the AIADMK may well come to power in Tamil Nadu and if the courts sent her to jail, the public support to her would swell and become unmanageable. Tamil Nadu is only a part of India while the Philippines is an independent nation. But the issue of public adulation, the strength of public demonstrations for or against a leader, the irrelevance of corruption charges to the common man are common issues to Chennai and Manila. That was why the political game now being played in Chennai is of utmost importance to India as a whole. |
Irrigation Department
cashier convicted
Amritsar: A cashier of the local Irrigation Department, attached to the Third Division of the Bari Doab Canal, who was arrested in August last year for having absconded with over Rs 18,000 belonging to the department, has now been convicted by Rai Sahib Lala Amar Nath, Additional District Magistrate, under Section 409 of the Indian Penal Code and has been sentenced to four years’ rigorous imprisonment. |
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SPIRITUAL NUGGETS Human personality can be changed to divine personality, Banish the consciousness that you are a bundle of flesh and bones. Every night God makes you forget that delusion. But as soon as you wake up you are back again in the seeming confinements of body. ***** Remember that it is not harmful to own things, but it is harmful to be owned by them.... Struggling too hard for money you may neglect your health. You will find that everything will betray you if you betray your loyalty to God. So let not one drop of oil fall from the lamp of your attention in the sanctuary of inner silence as you meditate each day and as you carefully perform your duties in the world. This is the personality you want to develop - dutiful in carrying out your obligations in life but aware that your real home lies within. ***** Awaken the meek, yet thunderous divine personality strong as the lion, gentle as the dove. — Excerpts from Paramhamsa Yogananda's discourse in Los Angeles California, October 28, 1938. Lalla, went far in search of Shiva, The Omnipresent Lord; After wandering, I found Him within my own self, Abiding in His own Home. ***** The temples and images that you have fashioned Are no better than stone; The Lord is immeasurable And consists of intelligence; ***** Let them blame me or praise me or adore me with flowers; I will become neither joyous nor sad, For I rest in myself and am drunk with the nectar Of the Pure Lord. ***** With the help of the gardeners called Mind and Love, Plucking the flower called Steady Contemplation, Offering the water of the flood of the Self's own Bliss, Worship the Lord with the sacred formula of silence. — Lalla, a saint of Kashmir |
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