Palaces that speak of grandeur
Heritage
By Kulwinder Sandhu

A DESCRIPTION of architecture in Rajasthan could go on forever, especially if one is trying to describe the many and varied technical points of the different types of architecture to be found in this state. The styles of architecture vary from the simple tent, mud or thatched dwelling, to glamorous solid stone palaces, forts and temples.

One cannot forget to mention the colonial style bungalows or beautiful modern homes. In general, most of the architecture of Rajasthan is simple and functional with very ornate and imaginative details.

The older structures of this state are amazing. Each property has a special story, setting or architectural detail to make it unique. One of the favourite spots is Kumbhalgarh. It is on way to the famous Ranakpur Temple. One must appreciate the elaborate details found on all temples both big and small.

The wall of Kumbhalgarh, is smaller in length than in height. A feeling of its strength abounds. The exquisite view from the top of the palace and the story of why and for whom it was built only makes this site more romantic. Architecture should have a functional use as well as an artistic form. It should inspire and touch human emotions.

Chittaurgarh with its incredible history is another landmark of Rajasthan. Although most of this wonderful fortress has decayed, there is more than enough to stir the imagination. The fortress is a fine example of city planning and design. Its construction and plan grew from the 12th to 16th century. The towers, palaces, a modern museum palace and many temples stretch throughout a 280-hectare site. There is a feeling of unity of structures here. It is an outstanding example of the combining of fortress, palace and its components.

One does not have to speak of the grandeur and opulence contained in the world famous fortress/palace of Rambagh, Umaid Bhawan, and Lake Palace of Udaipur. These places speak for themselves.

Visiting the lesser-known and smaller heritage properties of Rajasthan is also an interesting experience. The uniqueness of each village is remarkable. The combination of different architectural trends over the centuries and modernisation of such buildings into popular tourist-spots takes a huge amount of creativity, skill and money. The lack of repair, the size of each site, the road access, the availability of utilities and space for modern conveniences make conversions and renovations of these properties difficult. To achieve harmony of the old and new is an architectural challenge.

Luckily, most Indian architecture utilises both inner and outer space. The open halls with their carved pillars and arches over-looking courtyards or the scenery of this state are beautiful examples of harmony. Narlai’s dining area overlooks a fabulous rock structure. Bilara’s Summer Palace has a water fountain in the middle of a garden. Dhamli’s grass circle for the horse show can be seen while sitting on the wide verandah of its colonial bungalow.

The jharokas with their screened or coloured glass windows create an interior area to relax and watch outside activities without being seen and are also visually pleasing. The projection of the building’s facade creates architectural interest. Although sometimes smaller in size than the grand palaces, these places are just as wonderful for a peaceful retreat for tourists.

The harmony of a structure with its environment is a true architectural feat. The women’s quarters and their separate terraces are often converted into rooms. They are the best places to appreciate the art of harmonising.

The difference between a fort and a palace is evident. Combining these two into one site is very exciting. In a fort, the turrets and ramparts are great places to appreciate the scenery. The small fort of Argia, near Bhilwara has a beautiful view from the turret overlooking a river and the plains.

It was an ideal place to watch for the enemy and understand the functional purposes of a fort. The impressive front gates, although small are powerful and impart a sense of security.

The palaces are stunningly beautiful. The paintings and murals are a visual treat. But, the details of windows kiosks and supports, doors and gates, garden sculptures and fountains, pillars and arches, and the jharokas show the skill of Rajasthan’s artisans in carving stone and marble.