Friday, June 28, 2002, Chandigarh, India





E D I T O R I A L   P A G E


EDITORIALS

Avoidable Tehelka
T
HE Internet news portal Tehelka is once again in the headlines; and, depending on which side you are on, for all the right and wrong reasons. The CBI, which conducted a raid on the portal’s office on Wednesday in connection with a poaching case, said that its action was right as it had “substantive” evidence on a Tehelka reporter’s links with poachers and his attempts to film the skinning of endangered animals through a payoff.

America’s corporate shame
T
HE image of corporate America, already muddied by the misdeeds of Enron, the conviction of Arthur Andersen and the indictment of former CEOs of some big names in world business, will get dirtier with the $ 4 billion WorldCom accounting scandal that surfaced on Wednesday. The reverberations of the fraud, deemed to be bigger in money terms than Enron’s and perceived as perhaps the biggest ever in the business world, have been felt across the global markets as share prices plummeted all over.



EARLIER ARTICLES

National Capital Region--Delhi

THE TRIBUNE SPECIALS
50 YEARS OF INDEPENDENCE

TERCENTENARY CELEBRATIONS
FRANKLY SPEAKING

Hari Jaisingh
Change of guard in Kashmir
The problem of promise and performance
W
ITH the induction of Mr Omar Abdullah as President of the National Conference, the political scene in Jammu and Kashmir is in for a major transformation. He is young, forward-looking and dynamic. As Minister of State for External Affairs, he has conducted himself reasonably well and, but for his some highly objectionable and misplaced observations at the time of his formal installation as NC chief, he has shown both dignity and a degree of maturity that generally does not come easily to young persons. His advantage is that he is the son of a Chief Minister and thereby automatically inherits the legacy of his grand father, Sheikh Abdullah.

MIDDLE

Doc, where is that soothing touch?
Iqbal Singh Ahuja
G
OD deputed doctors as engineers to repair human bodies. He gave them the intelligence and “power” to cure the body. It is not medicine alone that cures. The “divine rays” emerging from the personality of the doctor and the confidence he instills in the human beings are equally responsible. “Your soothing words saved my life and gave me encouragement,” are the common words which one hears or used to hear.

COMMENTARY

Terrorism has no place in civilised world
M. S. N. Menon
T
HERE can be no place for terror in a civilised world, for in a world of senseless terror, which is worse than nuclear terror, life cannot be lived. This will unite mankind against it. It is already happening. It has brought America and Russia on a common platform.

No cell phone, cancer link seen
R
ATS exposed to microwave radiation from cell phones for two years did not develop cancer, scientists reported on Tuesday, adding more weight to the mounting evidence that cellular telephones do not pose a cancer risk.

TRENDS & POINTERS

Men afraid of commitment: study
I
T’S official. Men really are afraid of commitment. Confirming what women have long known, an American study released on June 26 shows men are dragging their feet on getting married.

  • Spanking may make kids violent
SPIRITUAL NUGGETS


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Avoidable Tehelka

THE Internet news portal Tehelka is once again in the headlines; and, depending on which side you are on, for all the right and wrong reasons. The CBI, which conducted a raid on the portal’s office on Wednesday in connection with a poaching case, said that its action was right as it had “substantive” evidence on a Tehelka reporter’s links with poachers and his attempts to film the skinning of endangered animals through a payoff. These actions, the CBI said, attracted provisions of the Wildlife Act as well as the Indian Penal Code. It denied that it was indulging in a witch-hunt against the portal because of its expose on defence deals. However, what would strike one as odd is the timing. The Editor-in-Chief of the portal, Mr Tarun Tejpal, was to appear before the Justice Venkataswami Commission to give evidence in the so-called Defencegate tapes on the day of the raid. As such, whatever the merits of the CBI’s case, it becomes rather difficult for the people to digest the claim that the action was solely prompted by the exigencies of the poaching case. The doubt lingers in the public mind that an attempt was made to browbeat the Tehelka team on the day of the hearing of the Defencegate case. Such an impression does no good to the government in terms of credibility, impartiality and transparency. The wrongdoing, therefore, appears to be more on the part of the government agency in terms of bad timing and an unnecessary show of power.

True, the CBI, or any other agency for that matter, is within its rights to investigate a case in a manner sanctioned by the law of the land. Raids on offices and private residences are part of the sanctioned process. But these provisions have to be used with discretion. Mr Tejpal and his team could have been quizzed on any aspect of the case in a manner that was not like a sledge hammer governmental action against a mafia. Though professionally one may agree or disagree with the ethics of the type of investigative journalism that has been undertaken by the Tehelka team in the recent past, the fact remains that the collection of evidence against offenders sometimes requires the crossing of the inflexible legal border. Under such circumstances it is necessary for all concerned, including the government of the day, to view specific matters in the light of the larger service rendered to an open, liberal and democratic society. In other words, the job of the government in such a society is to create conditions for healthy and vigorous journalism to take root and flower. Therefore, following the letter of the law at the expense of its spirit amounts to killing the initiative of a free Press and to its muzzling. It is in this context that the CBI action was misplaced and seemed to be an attempt at settling scores with those who had raised unpalatable issues concerning sensitive national matters.
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America’s corporate shame

THE image of corporate America, already muddied by the misdeeds of Enron, the conviction of Arthur Andersen and the indictment of former CEOs of some big names in world business, will get dirtier with the $ 4 billion WorldCom accounting scandal that surfaced on Wednesday. The reverberations of the fraud, deemed to be bigger in money terms than Enron’s and perceived as perhaps the biggest ever in the business world, have been felt across the global markets as share prices plummeted all over. In India the stock markets were already going downhill on account of the hospitalisation of Reliance supremo Dhirubhai Ambani. The WorldCom revelations have further unnerved the bourses. WorldCom, America’s second largest long distance telephone and data services company and one of the pioneers of the telecom boom of the nineties, has sacked its Chief Financial Officer and plans to lay off 20 per cent of its workforce to tide over the financial crisis. The company, which had reported profits of $1.5 billion in 2001, stunned the world with the revelation that “it has swept $3.8 billion in ordinary expenses off its profit-and-loss statement by counting them as capital expenditures.” By failing to conform to the generally accepted accounting practices, the company had shown inflated cash flow and profits. The company auditor was none other than the notorious Arthur Andersen, whose firm has been held guilty of messing up Enron finances.

What will be the implications of the discovery of another skeleton from corporate America’s cupboard ? Today’s globalised markets are guided by the sole economic super power. Any change in the US economy is felt across the world. The despair of depression last year and hopes of a recovery in the US economy this year have been shared by the European and Asian financial markets. When the mood all over was getting upbeat, the Enron scam surfaced and brought in dark clouds. The WorldCom misstatement of its accounts, which many fear may result in its bankruptcy, has knocked off international faith in the transparency of US accounting practices. How many more Enrons and WorldComs are waiting to happen is anybody’s guess and that would deal a blow to investors’ confidence. It is, nevertheless, a positive sign of the system that such irregularities get exposed and the culprits pay for it unlike in most other countries where rogue business houses escape with the loot. The market regulators, auditors and investors in India and elsewhere can draw a lesson from the WorldCom’s fall from grace by being more vigilant and demanding greater transparency from business houses, plugging legal loopholes wherever noticeable and ensuring speedier punishment to the wrong-doers.
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FRANKLY SPEAKING

Change of guard in Kashmir
The problem of promise and performance
Hari Jaisingh

WITH the induction of Mr Omar Abdullah as President of the National Conference, the political scene in Jammu and Kashmir is in for a major transformation. He is young, forward-looking and dynamic. As Minister of State for External Affairs, he has conducted himself reasonably well and, but for his some highly objectionable and misplaced observations at the time of his formal installation as NC chief, he has shown both dignity and a degree of maturity that generally does not come easily to young persons. His advantage is that he is the son of a Chief Minister and thereby automatically inherits the legacy of his grand father, Sheikh Abdullah.

The Abdullah family in Srinagar has all the trappings of a dynastic rule which once symbolised the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty in New Delhi. The desirability or otherwise of such legacy in a democratic polity is debatable.

India is surely not the only country flaunting such dynastic traits. Even the world's most organised democracy, the USA, has not been an exception to such practices. In any case, in a democracy the dynastic advantage has to acquire political legitimacy through a free and fair electoral process.

It must be said that Mr Omar Abdullah's dynastic clout may also have certain disadvantages. With the new official position, he will have to carry the burden of failures of his father in governing of the state. To say this is not to deny certain positive aspects of Dr Farooq Abdullah's rule. His faults and flaws notwithstanding, he has proved to be the best bet for this country at international fora.

I say this with an open mind and in the hope that Omar will learn from his father's mistakes and use his youthful vigour and the reins of power for the betterment of the people. He has all the advantages which once Rajiv Gandhi enjoyed in New Delhi after the assassination of Indira Gandhi. It is a different matter that Rajiv frittered away his advantages. This is now part of history.

In any case, the formal induction of the junior Abdullah in Kashmir politics is particularly significant in view of the forthcoming Assembly elections in October this year.

As it is, Kashmir is at the crossroads today. A lot depends on how tactfully and intelligently Omar is able to handle men, matters and issues confronting the people of the state. He has to properly understand the complexities of the problems facing the state, come out of the Abdullah mindset and see things in a new perspective and with a degree of freshness.

True, one major fallout of Dr Abdullah's latest action is that he has succeeded in bridging the generation gap at one go. Everything now depends on Omar's ability to inspire confidence among the people, especially the youth, and revive their faith in the future of Kashmir by genuinely working for their uplift. It needs to be kept in mind that power is not meant for filling the pockets of a handful leaders and their hangers-on. Public positions must be utilised for the good of the people at all levels. There are serious gaps in the state on this count. It will be worthwhile if Omar constantly keeps in mind the ground realities existing today.

One, the job entrusted to the young NC leader is not a bed of roses. The situation is messy. Separatists and militants are very much around looking for an opportunity to get back into reckoning.

Two, almost all major political parties in Jammu and Kashmir are in a state of disarray. This is to the advantage of the ruling National Conference which continues to have an edge over other parties, notwithstanding the voices of dissent and undercurrents of dissensions.

Three, the political atmosphere in the state hardly allows dissidents to grow in strength. Most of them are scared of openly challenging the Abdullah family, especially now that the father-son combination seems well-entrenched.

For that matter, ever since the National Conference's birth in 1938, it has grown into a banyan tree. In 1979, Mirza Afzal Beg had to pay a heavy price for defying the leadership. He was expelled from the party which virtually led to his political death. In fact, Sheikh Abdullah never allowed any of his colleagues to emerge as second in command.

Dr Farooq Abdullah has followed in the footsteps of his father. He has now placed the party's crown on the head of his son, exactly the same way as Sheikh Abdullah did for his son Farooq in 1980.

A number of ministers in the Farooq Abdullah Cabinet had worked earlier with the Sheikh. They had joined the National Conference when Omar was not even born. It must have hurt some of them to see a "kid" becoming the party President and later possibly Chief Minister. But, then, this is how the Kashmir politics runs. Even J.M. Shah, son-in-law of Sheikh Abdullah, had to pay dearly for daring to stage a coup against Farooq in in July 1984.

Of course, several happenings in Jammu and Kashmir cannot be stand the test of logic. Logic does not work here. Even most crucial matters are often decided on the basis of emotional outbursts at a given time and in a given situation.

In the weeks to come, we are sure to notice belligerent and anti-Centre postures on the part of Dr Abdullah and his son in view of the forthcoming elections. There will be shrill demands for more autonomy and other concessions from the Centre. These radical postures on the part of the NC leaders are bound to embarrass Central leaders.

Be that as it may. Indian leaders have learned nothing from their past mistakes. There have been occasions when political leaders belonging to Jammu and Ladakh wanted full integration, but the valley leaders always stood for more and more autonomy. But having granted autonomy, it would be both ticklist and unwise to withdraw it. Article 370, for that matter, was not a permanent arrangement. But in the name of autonomy, it is now sought to be made permanent.

Dr Farooq Abdullah continues to harp on autonomy. He has not changed much since the early 1980s. Perhaps, he should have known that experiments in autonomy during the past three decades have not solved even the basic problems facing the state. In any case, the demand for greater autonomy is nothing but a demand for getting a free hand for the valley politicians, especially the members of the Abdullah family, to do what they wish to do. Who cares for the people and their pressing problems?

Well, this is how the politics in the valley and beyond has been conducted for decades together. Of course, critics often ask: autonomy for whom and for what purposes? The Abdullah family has played the autonomy card without caring to use the existing power for the welfare of the people.

The Ladakh region has remained neglected for long. The Jammu region too has its own legitimate grudges. It is not certain whether any division of the state at this juncture will be in the interest of Jammu and Kashmir. All the same, the state authorities have to ensure allround fast development of all the regions irrespective of political or religious angularities.

Looking back, even Sheikh Abdullah behaved as a leader of the valley. He had little interest in Jammu or Ladakh. It is said that he was afraid of any challenge to his leadership from the Muslims of the Punjabi-speaking areas of the state. This is probably the reason why he reportedly advised Jawaharlal Nehru to halt the march of the Indian Army into these areas. Perhaps, he wanted to convert the valley into a small sheikdom.

Nehru was once a close friend of the Sheikh. Later he probably saw through his game. It is, therefore, doubtful if they were sincere to each other after 1953.

It is equally imperative to underline the urgency of rehabilitating Kashmiri Pandits and creating the right atmosphere for their dignified return to their ancestral homes. It is surely reassuring to hear youthful Omar that he would strive for the return of Kashmiri Pandits to the valley. The presence of the Pandits in the valley will be a constant reminder of Kashmiri's multireligious past.

It is equally gratifying to hear his declaration: "Our state is mini India where everybody enjoys equal rights." So long as he keeps his words in mind and works for the good of people, everything will fall in line in Jammu and Kashmir. Genuine people's democracy is the only answer to Kashmir's complex problems. It fits well into the rest of India's political milieu.
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Doc, where is that soothing touch?
Iqbal Singh Ahuja

GOD deputed doctors as engineers to repair human bodies. He gave them the intelligence and “power” to cure the body. It is not medicine alone that cures. The “divine rays” emerging from the personality of the doctor and the confidence he instills in the human beings are equally responsible. “Your soothing words saved my life and gave me encouragement,” are the common words which one hears or used to hear.

Now things are changing. Obligation from both sides is decreasing in intensity. For a patient the doctor is no more a God and for the doctor a patient is no more a sublime responsibility. Thanklessness is the rule of the day. I wonder if the Consumer Protection Act is a result of this change or a cause of it. For a doctor, to treat a patient was his primary duty and the first assessment was of the disease or seriousness of the patient. Now the assessment is to save oneself from the harassment and the Consumer Act. Now happiness lies in shunting away the patient to some other place.

Recently I had an opportunity to visit one of my friends’ relatives in a premier institute. The whole family was panicky. “You have come to the best place. Hence you should not worry,” I consoled them. With tears in their eyes they explained that there was no chance of survival. The doctor intoned: “He is sure to die. Even if we operate, he is not going to survive”.

“Then why should not we try? At least we would have made an effort”, I opined.

We contacted the doctor incharge. He wanted to talk confidentially with me. Look Iqbal, this man is going to die any way whether I operate on him or not. I don’t want to add another consumer case to my kitty,” he said. I came back thinking how the consumer court has scared the doctors and it is a big loss that the patients are being deprived of high quality care of very good doctors. I wish the government realises the truth and takes corrective measures before it is too late. I personally feel every doctor will have to face the judiciary many times during his or her career.

Anyway, we went to see the patient. A mess one can’t imagine or dream about! Approximately 20 patients were lying in one hall on stretchers — some without sheets and mattresses. I learnt that many patients go on lying like this for two to three days. I thought for a moment that Rotary, Lions, Jaycees and other voluntary organisations need to wake up for the help of the institutions. Tears rolled down my eyes. “If one has to die one must die with dignity,” I thought in my mind. All patients look the same when in a serious condition. With great difficulty I recognised the patient “How do these people survive?” asked one man. I laughed and said: “If we cant recognise our own patient how can a Yamdut, a total stranger, recognise them?” He seemed confused but agreed.

Resigned to our fate, we shifted the patient to our hometown. With time, the patient improved with the prayer of his family and treatment of local doctors who were not scared of the Consumer Act. After a month or so I went to see the patient. The man was laughing and cracking jokes. I wished him and asked him about his welfare.

“Beta, thank you very much, you have saved me,” he said. “No your doctor and your family prayers have saved you.” I replied. He paused for a moment and said: “Beta Yamduts had come to pick me up but you removed me so fast from that place that they could not locate me there.”

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Terrorism has no place in civilised world
M. S. N. Menon

THERE can be no place for terror in a civilised world, for in a world of senseless terror, which is worse than nuclear terror, life cannot be lived. This will unite mankind against it. It is already happening. It has brought America and Russia on a common platform.

But terrorism will get worse before we are able to contain it, for behind it are young fanatic killers — robots programmed to seek martyrdom. They will not give in before they inflict incalculable damage on the world. And on their own countries. Pakistan is a good example.

The Islamists see the West as their inveterate enemy. They ascribe all the ills of the Islamic world to the evil ways of the West. Even its best aspects — modernity, democracy and pluralism. The Islamists reject all these three.

The West pays back in the same coin. Samuel Huntington identified the Muslim world as the enemy of western civilisation.

Not this alone. Historical animosities are recalled to buttress the western animus. For 13 centuries the Christian world saw Islam as a “demonic” religion, as a religion of “apostasy, blasphemy and obscurity.”

And the West has not forgotten that for hundreds of years, Muslim armies threatened Europe and colonised a good part of it.

All these explain the perennial western animus to the Islamic world. Hence the prognosis of the clash of civilisations. But it is a false animus. The Islamic world was never united against the West. The Islamic empires never coordinated their policies. The West has thus widened the area of conflict and multiplied the dangers by taking on Islam. It has in a way united the Muslims as never before.

Islamic fundamentalism is the answer to the western animus. Wahabism was the first to challenge western modernity. It tried to unite the Muslim world against the West through large-scale petrodollar munificence. In the process, it has spread fundamentalism and the cult of violence throughout the world. Perhaps a tit for a tat. But the world is the worse for it. Terrorism is taking the world back to its primitive roots. Islam cannot be proud of this role it plays in history.

Islamism is the dominant political discourse among the Arabs. Not so much among other Muslims. Terrorism was born in the Arab world. And yet it is the most integrated Muslim region with the West. No clash of civilisation is likely here. These oil producers have to sell their oil to the advanced western countries. They can’t sell it in Africa. The Islamists are blind to these realities.

In the meantime, there are other developments. For example, growth of a Muslim diaspora in the West and of westernised and western-educated Muslims in Islamic countries. They work for terror and against terror.

Militant Islam has thus no future. It is facing four alternatives: (1) it may be crushed, (2) it may be contained, (3) it may mellow and (4) it may grow disillusioned.

Pakistan stumbled on to this route of terrorism by mere exigency of circumstances. There was no afore thought. This is how it happened. Fear of the Marxist regime in Kabul demanding a revision of the Durand Line forced Zia-ul-Haq to create a mujahideen force to oust the Marxist regime. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan brought America to the scene. It led to the creation of an international mujahideen force to fight the Soviets. This led to the creation of madarasas in thousands, to mujahideen camps and to the Islamisation of Pakistani society. Islamisation led to sectarian conflicts among Muslims. After the Soviets withdrew, the mujahideen had perforce to be used in Kashmir. And it is this which led to the idea of using the jehadi forces all over the world to promote Islamic causes or Pakistan’s leadership of the Islamic world. The pursuit of Islamic bomb became an intrinsic part of this global quest. Osama bin Laden was a spanner in the works. He ruined Pakistan’s calculations.

Today there are anything like 50,000 trained jehadis in West and South Asia. Musharraf cannot do away with them. Nor can America capture them. More likely, Pakistan and America may want to use these forces to promote their policies.

If, however, Musharraf tried to disarm them or close their camps or madarasas, he will be overthrown. They have the backing of the ISI. It is full of extremists. Musharraf hasn’t much of a chance to survive.

Terrorism has destroyed the character of the Pakistani people. Today Pakistan is awash with millions of loose weapons, tens of thousands of jehadis, drug traffickers and crime mafias. Musharraf admits that the jehadis propagate hatred and violence. He asks: “what direction are we being led into by these extremists? The writ of the government is being challenged. This situation cannot be tolerated anymore.”

Even the police is afraid of the jehadis. Musharraf himself was threatened with physical removal by Maulana Akram Awan of the Tanzim al-Ikhiwan last year.

But he dares not close down the madarasas or the militant camps. There are about 10,000 madarasas in Pakistan, engaged in teaching hatred and violence. They continue to spew out demented killers. Ten-year-olds in these madarasas say they want to be jehadis, not scientists and doctors! Such is the damage done to the younger generation in Pakistan.

The jehadi attack in Karachi, in which 11 French nationals were killed, the brutal murder of Daniel Pearl, the Wall Street Journal correspondent, the attack on the church and other episodes show one thing: that the terrorist forces are least afraid of the regime in Islamabad. They will strike when it suits them.

We are thus not sure whether we have really avoided the war, as the Prime Minister claims. Much may depend on the course of events in the Middle East.

The crisis in the Middle East has reached its apogee. Egypt and Saudi Arabia are no more willing to toe the US line. Arafat’s power has declined. Extreme religious groups like the Hamaas and Islamic Jehad have gained ground. Edward Said asks: “Arafat is finished. Why don’t we admit that?” If the jehadis take over the struggle against Israel, there will be no dialogue. The issue will be determined by war. The jehadis are desperate. They have taken to suicide attacks — the most daring and devastating. This is mega-terror. Israel has no answer to this, for repression will only add to the number of jehadis ready to die. Israel cannot afford to lose its men. So it too may be tempted to take to desperate means. That is the danger facing the world today.

Militant Islam is thus reaching its last phase of total violence in the Middle East. In short, conditions will become favourable for Al-Qaeda and the Taliban too. They may oust Musharraf or seize power in Pakistan. That is when the USA will have to get off its fence. And go for a clean-up of Pakistan. With India as its chief ally.
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No cell phone, cancer link seen

RATS exposed to microwave radiation from cell phones for two years did not develop cancer, scientists reported on Tuesday, adding more weight to the mounting evidence that cellular telephones do not pose a cancer risk.

“We saw no increased incidence of brain cancer and no other single tumour showed an increase,” Principal Investigator Joseph L. Roti Roti, a radiation oncologist and biochemist at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, told UPI.

The findings are particularly compelling because the study was designed to mimic humans’ cell phone exposure closely and the researchers looked thoroughly for any evidence of cancer.

Although the findings do not prove definitively that cell phones are safe, this type of study is routinely used to evaluate whether chemicals or radiation could cause cancer in humans, so it is reasonable to believe the results will hold true in humans, Roti Roti said.

“The evidence so far is not consistent with the idea that cell phones cause cancer,” added Roti Roti, who presented the findings at the Bioelectromagnetic Society meeting.

A Food and Drug Administration (FDA) official, speaking anonymously, told UPI the agency had seen no clear-cut evidence of a link between cell phones and cancer. “Our position is we’ve not seen any evidence to date that would require any kind of action on the FDA and we continue to support research efforts in this area,” the official said.

The official added that some studies have shown an association between cell phones and cancer, but it has been difficult to replicate them.

Motorola, which partially funded Roti Roti’s study, said the results are consistent with previous studies. “The results are not surprising based on what’s come out before,” Norm Sandler, Director of Global Strategic Issues, told UPI.

Sandler added, “All scientific experts who have looked into it have come to the same conclusion: There’s no association between cell phones and adverse health effects.”

In an attempt to replicate human exposure to cell phone radiation, rats were exposed to the two most common types of cell phone radiation for four hours a day, five days a week for two years. The brain, spinal cord and 30 other tissues were examined microscopically. No evidence was found of increases in any tumour type. There also were no differences in weights or life spans between exposed and unexposed rats.

A similar study, also presented at the bioelectromagnetic meeting, found similar results. The two-year study, conducted by Larry Anderson and colleagues at Battelle Northwest National Laboratory, used a different cell phone signal than the one used by Roti Roti’s group, but it also found no evidence of increased risk of cancer in rats.

The FDA recently entered into an agreement with the cellular telephone industry to study whether cell phones cause cancer. Under the three-year agreement, the industry will fund studies and the FDA will direct the types of studies done and how they should be performed.

The agency expects to be able to conclusively determine whether cell phones pose a health threat when the agreement ends in 2005. UPI

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TRENDS & POINTERS

Men afraid of commitment: study

IT’S official. Men really are afraid of commitment. Confirming what women have long known, an American study released on June 26 shows men are dragging their feet on getting married.

Researchers say one of the biggest reasons that men are delaying marriage is that more and more couples are choosing to live together before marriage. As a result, sex — traditionally one of the main reasons for men to marry — is relatively easily available, they say.

“In a sense, with cohabitation he gets a quasi-wife without having to commit,” said David Popenoe, co-director of the National Marriage Project at Rutgers University in New Jersey. “Another big thing in addition to cohabitation is that these men are very, very concerned about divorce. It’s not getting your heart broken ... the worst thing that could happen is that somebody could take their money,” Popenoe adds.

“Guys can afford to wait to marry. The older they get, the better their chances in some ways of getting married, while for women it’s the reverse,” Popenoe said.

“Once a woman gets into her 30s, it’s more likely that she will have to marry a man who was married earlier. It’s more likely that she will marry a man who brings kids (into the marriage) and more likely that she will have a child by herself,” Popenoe says. Reuters

Spanking may make kids violent

Spanking may get a child’s attention right away, but it can cause children to become aggressive and possibly even abusive adults.

Spanking has become controversial in recent years, but in the USA, especially, remains widely used. Many studies have been done but the findings vary.

Psychologist Elizabeth Thompson Gershoff of the National Center for Children in Poverty at New York’s Columbia University analysed 88 different studies on spanking and smacking.

“There is general consensus that corporal punishment is effective in getting children to comply immediately, while at the same time there is caution from child abuse researchers that corporal punishment, by its nature, can escalate into physical maltreatment,” Gershoff writes.

“The act of corporal punishment itself is different across (the spectrum of) parents — parents vary in how frequently they use it, how forcefully they administer it, how emotionally aroused they are when they do it, and whether they combine it with other techniques,” she said.

The more often or more harshly a child was hit, the more likely he or she was to grow up to become aggressive or to have mental health problems, Gershoff found.

Spanking is not the best form of discipline, Gershoff said, because it does not teach children right from wrong. Although it makes children afraid to disobey when parents are present, they feel free to misbehave if they believe they can get away with it, she said. Reuters
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God’s greatness is beyond assessing. It is only by His grace that we can get a glimmer of how great He is.

On hearing of your greatness, all call you great.

How great? Only one who has seen you can estimate!

No one can assess your worth, nor describe you

All those who try get absorbed in you.

My great master,

Of depth profound

An oceanful of virtues,

No one knows

The vastness of your abound.

Even if all thinkers meet and contemplate about you,

All assessors together try to assess your worth.

Theologians, meditators, gurus and great masters indeed,

Have not been able to grasp a jot of your greatness.

All truths, all austerities, all goodness put together

Despite occult powers mustered by practitioners of the occult;

Without you none could attain perfection;

Whom you choose to grace,

Nothing can stand in his way.

What more can a poor devotee say?

Your treasury is full of grace

He whom you give,

Shall but give you praise,

Says Nanak, He alone perfects the truth and sustains.

People who forget to give thanks to the Lord who is their benefactor are the lowest of the low.

 

Remembering you — I live

Distanced from you — I die.

It is very hard indeed

To meditate on the true name.

If one hungers for the true name

This hunger consumes all our pains.

Why then forget Him mother mine?

True is our Master, True is his name.

So great is the worth of the true name indeed,

Our praise is no more than a sesame seed.

We try and try and of trying tire,

Yet unable to assess His worth entire.

Joining hands to praise Him together,

Shall not magnify nor lessen His stature.

As He does not die

There is no reason to mourn,

He is ever-giving,

His bounty does not diminish.

— Rehras, Sri Guru Granth Sahib
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