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In sync with Nature
Concern over climate change
POST RECESSION
oFFICE mantra
Dark traits of honchos
Trend
mill
ACADEMIC NOTES
Go global
Happiness work
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In sync with Nature
With climate change becoming an issue of global concern, the management of forests has become crucial. An enhanced forest cover means greater capacity for carbon storage and sequestration which ultimately reduces green house emissions. Rejuvenating forests is, therefore, a key element of the strategy to combat climate change.
The role of foresters also assumes significance with the Ministry of Forests and Environment having doubled its budget for forestry in the current fiscal to Rs 8,300 crore. With new programmes to increase the number of frontline forestry personnel, improve forestry infrastructure and control forest fires, the need for trained foresters is being felt increasingly. The government is also in the process of giving land rights to the forest-dependent communities as more than 200 million people in India, mostly poor, are dependent on forests. Scope Apart from this those “armed” with a degree in forestry can compete for the Indian Forest Services and state forest services where they are directly recruited as Divisional Forest Officers and Assistant Conservator of Forests. The Himachal Pradesh Government has also reserved as much as 70 per cent quota for direct recruitment as Range Officers. The various forestry institutes all over the country also offer faculty positions to post graduates. The forestry-related research being carried out by various universities also enables the youth to find gainful employment in various ICAR and state government projects. The discipline also offers various self-employment opportunities in silk-worm rearing, nursery production, seed technology, plant technology, fodder crops cultivation etc. Various NGOs also recruit foresters for their projects. Courses Different courses in Forestry and Forest Services are
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B.Sc Forestry l
M.Sc Forestry l B.Sc Wildlife l
M.Sc Wildlife l M.Sc Wood Science & Technology Three or four year BSc (Forestry) courses are being offered by about a dozen universities in the country. The minimum qualification require to join the B.Sc course is a pass in Plus II or equivalent examination with science or agriculture as the group of subjects. The B.Sc. course may be followed up with the two-year M.Sc. in Forestry. PGDFM is a field based course which combines managerial qualities concordant with the demands made by the forestry sector.
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Concern over climate change
With India being one of the 12 mega biodiverse countries of the world, the role of forests in sustaining the ecological and livelihood security is crucial. Vice-Chancellor, Dr Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry located at Nauni, 13 km from Solan, Dr K.R. Dhiman discusses the role of foresters in bringing about a positive climate change.
How crucial is the role of foresters vis-à-vis global concerns on climate change? The role of foresters is crucial as drastic changes in the climatic conditions have necessitated the need to maintain micro climate and reinstate the rain cycle as several species of medicinal and herbal species are facing extinction. There is an urgent need to conserve water and soil and this requires a bottom-to-top approach thus requiring more manpower at the grass-root level. Has the scope for employing trained forestry professionals increased with the global concern over climate change? Since all corrective measures start right from the grass-root level, I’ve proposed at a recent meeting of the Board of Directors of the Indian Council of Forestry Research and Education the need to appoint Forest Development Officers on the analogy of Horticulture Development Officers to monitor field activities. I have also submitted a proposal to the State Public Service Commission to include forestry as a subject in the Himachal Administrative Services in order to widen its scope. Apart from this various projects like hydro electric projects, cement units, etc. in ecologically fragile regions require scientific management of catchment areas, treatment plants and environmental impact assessment studies. Thus, the role of foresters has gained more significance. What is the university’s initiative to check climate change? We are preparing a carbon budget sheet for each district and this would enable us to quantify carbon sequestration of each district which can help evolve suitable strategies to achieve carbon neutrality. What is the role of forest fires in climate change? In Himachal the mid-Himalayan eco-system is largely afforested with pine species that shed pine needles with the onset of summers, and being highly inflammable these cause forest fires leading to massive loss to flora and fauna. These fires are a major threat to the green cover as well as to the eco system on the whole. The university is now proposing remedial measures like avoiding mono-cropping and integrating afforestation of broad-leaved tree species. Secondly, we are proposing to develop a vermi-compost unit where fuel bricks manufactured from pine needles would be used. This will not only provide employment to rural folk, but will also reduce the risk of forest fires.
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Career Hotline
Q. I am studying in BA Part 1 (Urdu Literature). Would you please tell me about the scope of Urdu language?
— Faizal Beg A. Broadly, your prospects lie in those countries where Urdu is widely spoken. The Middle-East and some of the Western South Asian countries are where you could look at in terms of job openings, but on the strict condition that you’ll be facing stiff competition from the local applicants who might have similar qualifications and the added advantage of regional and market familiarity. If you are fluent in any language other than Urdu i.e. English or French, a translator/ interpreter’s job is worth a try. With a Master’s in the subject, followed by the NET/SLET, you could either take up teaching at the college or university level. You could even opt for the print or electronic media (given the large number of Urdu based channels being telecast worldwide) as a journalist, web content creator, compere, announcer, newsreader, anchorperson, scriptwriter, copywriter in an advertising agency, technical writer, public relations executive, editor, etc. Creative writing is yet another option. With the proliferation of the media, there is a growing demand for those who can communicate with style, ease and competence. For this, an additional course in public relations, journalism, advertising or mass communication would give you the necessary professional edge. You could of course teach Urdu as a subject at the school level. IGNOU has introduced BEd (Urdu) in collaboration with Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Hyderabad (www.manuu.ac.in)
Vast vistas of economics
Q. I am a student of Class XII. Economics is my favourite subject, and I want to make a career in this subject. Please tell me about career choices in this field.
— Garima Bhatt If selected, you will be absorbed in the various economic and statistical departments of the Central Government such as the Planning Commission, the National Sample Survey, National Council for Applied Economic Research, Central Statistical Organisation, Indian Statistical Institute and state Bureau of Statistics and Economics, National Employment Service, M/o Labour, M/o Agriculture and other government departments. The Planning Commission recruits postgraduates in economics with a couple of years of research experience as Economic Investigators in its Programme Evaluation Organisation through the UPSC. Graduates in/with economics are also recruited as Research Assistants (Economics) or Economic Investigators (Grade-II) in the Planning Commission or as Investigators in the Ministry of Labour and Employment (through Staff Selection Commission). You could also take the Civil Services exam which is conducted by the UPSC or other competitive exams held by the State Service Commissions, Life and General Insurance Corporations, nationalised banks, etc., where economics can be taken as one of the subjects. The Probationary Officers Exams are conducted by various Recruitment Boards of various banks. In the increasingly globalised world order with newer and business risks stemming from inflation or currency fluctuations, inflation, interest rates, regulatory risks foreign markets and now the WTO, large private companies also employ business economists. Besides analysing the current economic situation, they plan strategy and operations based on forecasts arrived at by researching market factors such as price, demand and sales, labour and productivity, raw materials, equipment etc. A number of recruitment ads for Management Trainees ask for MBA/MA (Eco) as the desired qualification. While a master’s in economics is a prerequisite for a corporate economist’s job, the clincher is your ability to marry fundamental knowledge of economics with market and business requirements. As a business economist, you may also specialise in market research, international trade or exports and imports. There are well paying jobs in other banking (including investment banking) and other financial institutions and insurance companies as financial and risk analysts, in consulting and marketing. Business Economists can also enhance their job prospects by doing an MBA or postgraduate degree in Finance, International Business (MIB). Besides working on projects for research bodies such as the Institute for Applied Manpower Research, or the Institute for Economic Growth or the National Council for Applied Economic Research, economists also work for leading international organisations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Down the line, you could also work as consultant or financial analyst for business and industry. The growth of the derivatives market will generate several openings in the financial sector. So if you would like to be the next Nouriel Roubini (who predicted this current economic slowdown) or our very own Amartya Sen, pursuing eco could well take you there. Teaching is another traditional but evergreen option (now more so, after the Sixth Pay Commission). And if you have a flair for writing, you could also venture into journalism (with/without a mass com degree). Whether print, television or radio, economic analysis and reportage are always at a premium. In fact, business journalists are amongst the best-paid journalists today.
Courses at Mathematical Science Foundation
Q. Can you please tell me something about the Mathematical Sciences Foundation in Delhi? What courses does it offer in maths?
— Romesh Sen Some universities like the University of Houston, Texas, USA have recognised the value of this course. Three departments of the University — the Department of Mathematics, the Department of Physics, and the Department of Computer Science — have agreed to admit students who successfully complete this programme to their graduate school with full teaching assistantships (including tuition fees waiver) besides granting credit for the courses done at the MSF. On completing your first year of study at the MSF in Delhi you can take the GRE and enroll for a MS programme in mathematics/computer science/physics, and leave for Houston to complete the degree. Upon completion you will qualify for a PhD programme. Eligibility: B.A (Math) / B.Sc (H) maths/physics/computer science; B.Sc / B.Tech with at least two years of math courses; M.A (math) M.Sc. (physics/math/computer science) MSF also offers two Certificate programmes for UGs and PGs. Programme in Mathematical Finance: a hands-on introduction to modern Finance and the role of mathematics in it (in collaboration with ICICI Bank) Mathematical Simulation with IT: Explores the interaction between Mathematics, Technology and Education.
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POST RECESSION
In the post-recession strategic times, the Information Technology (IT) industry is facing a tricky scenario in which the quality of talent within companies has increased, while the quality of skills available in the job market has dwindled.
This perception surfaced at a national level Human Resources (HR) meet held in Pune recently, where top representatives of the industry deliberated on the theme “Opportunities & Challenges in IT Industry Post Recession”. The focus of the conclave was to understand the changing needs of the industry and its expectations from the educational institutions, which the participants felt would be called upon to bridge the gap between the required talent and available manpower for the IT sector, which underwent difficult phase in the last one year. “Last one year has been a year of acid test for industry in general and IT sector in particular, where India has been leading. Still the revenues of India’s business and technology services companies have grown from $ 4 billion in 1998 with a short dip in 2009 and is expected to rise up to $ 60 billion a year by 2010 as per the National Association of Software and Services companies (NASSCOM) survey,” said Cognizant Technologies Vice-President Sudhendra Chatterjee. The discussion during the conference revealed that business would no longer run on the old rules, but “new out of the box solutions” more comprehensive efforts, innovative thinking, new skills and competencies would be required to grow and prosper. “This year with required correction done in the economy, IT industry is looking forward to enhancing the business by focusing on talent acquisition after recession and to cross the difficult road ahead,” commented Vikas Joshi Managing Director, Harbinger Systems. The participants felt that the demand for both the quantity and the quality of talented employees would grow worldwide with companies that have fired employees in the past already feeling the pinch, as they do not have enough bandwidth to execute. During the economic downturn, companies were able to downsize and also restructured the employees compensation (mostly by decreasing) to stave off financial losses. Only those employees were retained who proved their worth. These survivors got an opportunity to handle a variety of tasks that further sharpened their skills and made them multi-skilled. Thus, overall the quality of talent has increased. At the same time, those who were out of job lost this opportunity to show their skills in a new challenging environment. “Adding to our woes, slashing of training and development budgets has led to a depletion of the number of skilled employees within the companies,” the participants noted. “Such steps from companies have created an altogether tricky scenario. The quality of talent within the companies has increased while the quality of skills available in job market has dwindled. As business positions for recovery, the first thing that is needed is to refresh the vision and begin to paint a picture of what the new business landscape may look like,” it was felt. The discussion during the conference revealed that business would no longer run on the old rules, but “new out of the box solutions” more comprehensive efforts, innovative thinking, new skills and competencies would be required to grow and prosper. The participants felt that the demand for both the quantity and the quality of talented employees will grow worldwide with companies that have fired employees in the past already feeling the pinch, as they do not have enough bandwidth to execute. During the economic downturn, companies were able to downsize by getting rid of redundant work force and dead wood. They also restructured the employees compensation (mostly by decreasing) to stave off financial losses. Only those employees were retained who proved their worth. The employees had to accept all kinds of compensation related compromises while maintaining the same or even higher level of efficiency and productivity, according to the conclusions drawn at the meet, organised by Management Association of MCA institutes (MAMI). These survivors got the opportunity to handle a variety of tasks that further sharpened their skills and made them multi-skilled. Thus, overall quality of talent has increased. At the same time, those who were out of job lost this opportunity to hone their skills in a new challenging environment. “Adding to our woes, slashing of training and development budgets has led to a depletion of the number of skilled employees within the companies,” the participants noted. —
PTI
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oFFICE mantra
Many intelligent men and women underestimate their own intelligence. There is a very good reason for this. According to Professor J.P. Guillord of the University of Southern California, about 40 mental dimensions or factors have been mapped out so far. Main among these are: judgement, foresight, ability to visualise, to express ideas verbally, and to comprehend what is said. Everyone is aware of the fact that one person can’t excel in all 40 or more mental factors. For instance, a person may write good English. But when he tries to figure out his sums, he is confused. Another man is excellent in mathematics, but his mind goes completely blank if he’s asked to say a few words, about any subject. He doesn’t know how to communicate his ideas. Often, you are so worried about the fact that there are two or three intellectual tasks you cannot handle well that you forget that there may be 37-38 mental dimensions in which you can shine. Even a mediocre man is brighter than he is usually given credit for being. If an average man used his intelligence to its fullest, he would be classed as a genius! You can’t help being reminded of the story of the man who came to industrialist and offered to show his employees how to do their work better. “What’s the use?” thundered the industrialist. “They’re not doing as well now as they already know how to do.”
William James asserted that we use only a small fraction — about a tenth — of our brain power. To make the most of our mental powers, we must learn to use both our conscious and unconscious mind to good advantage. The unconscious mind observes and retains billions of impressions which we are not consciously aware of. A young man passed by a shop window, glancing at it briefly out of the corner of his eye. When asked what he had seen, he laughed and said, “Why, nothing. I went by so hurriedly I paid no attention to its contents.” But under hypnosis he remembered dozens of objects in the window that he had barely looked at. The mind has such great powers that if you learn to tap just a small fraction of these, your mind will leap where ordinarily it just limps. The first step is to study the subject you are eager to learn. Your subconscious guides you to success by flashing the signal of interest in some particular area. If you defy it, you do so at your risk. A young man who was lured by business enrolled in a law school course because his father wanted him to become a lawyer. He could not make the grade. But as soon as he switched to business administration, he did brilliantly.
Gift of intuition
Henri Bergson says, “intuition is the only means for perceiving the heart of things.” Dr. J.B. Rhine has shown that some of us possess marked intuitive powers, while others have only limited intuition. Tests have proved that the most intuitive individuals are usually those who believe in the power of intuition. Don’t ignore your hunches. Regard these as a gift of nature. You can prepare your own mind for flashes of intuition by learning as much as possible about one special subject. Then, if you are at all intuitive, you will be able to utilise your intuition, just as Dr. Fleming did once when a mold flew into his laboratory. The result was the discovery of penicillin. But no untrained mind could possibly have gotten the hunch in the first place, even if a dozen molds had flown in and changed a dozen culture patterns of bacteria. To prepare your own mind for success, absorb knowledge like a sponge. The simplest method of doing so is to get the basic facts about a problem, and write them down. This method has worked with scientists, mathematicians, authors, and just average people. It will work for you!
Use your faculties
Just as a muscle may degenerate through lack of use, certain qualities of the mind deteriorate when they are never called into action. Start using your mind so that it becomes flighty instead of flabby. Most people don’t think. They just rearrange their prejudices. Why do we fail to exercise our intelligence? We let our emotions ruin our judgement. At times, we accept prejudices instilled in us by others. Nearly all of us have some prejudices, but we can usually lessen them if we try to discover whether there is a logical, factual basis for an opinion we cling to. Intelligence is the ability to learn, to think, and to solve new problems. It is not the sole possession of genius. Alfred N. Steele, of Pepsi Co says, “My cardinal rule is: don’t guess at anything. If the right kind of effort is made, it is usually possible to get the facts”. A man might learn all the theories about how to fix a TV set, but until he has actually worked on a number of sets and applied his theoretical knowledge, it has very little value. You might learn all the rules for French grammar, but unless you continue to read or speak French, your conscious mind would, within a few years, forget much of this knowledge. Knowledge is quickly forgotten by the conscious mind if it is not applied. “No wind serves the man who has no port of destination.” We all learn faster and more easily when we have a definite goal or motive. Give yourself goals that will make you eager to learn. Suppose you are working in the complaint department of a store, and would eventually like to be supervisor of that department. You will ask yourself what trade journals and books you can read to qualify yourself for such a job. You will pay more attention to the reaction of customers, noticing which phrases bring a favourable response, and which antagonise customers. You will learn how to write letters that turn complaining customers into friends of the store. Select a definite goal. Select the subject that interests you most, and study it every day. There are over 40 dimensions to your mind. If you are weak in some of these, you can surely shine in others. William James says, “Compared with what we ought to be, we are only half awake. We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.”
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Dark traits of honchos
He is charming and a smooth talker who knows how to get the job done — the corporate bosses — who have plenty of charisma but no emotional depth. With their finely honed political skills, sharp timing and chameleon-like abilities, they thrive on risk, chaos and upheaval. And they are cold-blooded enough to claim later that they did nothing wrong.
Dr Robert Hare and Dr Paul Babiak tell you how to find out if your boss is a psychopath. According to research cited, managers scored higher on measures of psychopathy than the overall population. Some who had very high scores were candidates for, or held, senior positions. “The very skills that make the psychopath so unpleasant (and sometimes abusive) in society can facilitate a career in business even in the face of negative performance ratings,” Stuff.co.nz quoted the researchers as saying. Another study found that bosses who make big bucks are much meaner to their employees compared to executives who aren’t earning massive salaries. Jo Owen at BNET identifies six traits to watch out for: l
They are highly egocentric and the world revolves around them l
They have superficial charm and will say anything to get their way l
They feel no guilt or shame about their actions l
They take excessive risks l They blame others or completely deny there are problems l
They are highly manipulative. And of course, they will back stab anyone who they think is in their way or anyone deemed to be unnecessary. However, despite being grandiose and narcissistic, bosses can’t necessarily be tagged as psychopaths — they’re just awful people. —
ANI
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Trend
mill
Film-making is basically a method of telling a story, or putting across an idea on a canvas that supports audio as well as visual matter. The first exposure a student gets while learning film-making is when he gets the chance to shoot a small film as an assignment. This is by putting together some shots to tell a story in a sequence. His creativity is seen and known then and there only. Career in short film making is emerging as the most varied and creative opportunity in mass media these days.
Films being a combination of creativity and technology are an important media and are not just a mode of entertainment and information but are a great source of communicating a message to the public also. Short film-making course includes the study of genres and formats, terminology and concept, making a budget, understanding cinematography, lighting and editing, research, scripting, adapting from script to screen and Film-making includes feature films, documentaries, newsreels, promotional films, TV commercials, music videos etc. Film-making and Film Production courses train an individual about the complicated art form involving a thorough understanding of human psyche, collective consciousness and the contemporary global ethos. Skills required
Short Film-making is not an easy career option to take on. One needs to have certain skills to be able to perform. One must have a comprehensive understanding of all aspects of film production, from acting, to lighting and film technology. Things like great physical stamina, strong visual sense, and good communication skills and leadership qualities for production and direction, the ability to bring out talent in others, creative instinct as well as managerial and administrative abilities are essential. Initially, a short filmmaker may have to struggle a little to get viewership for his films, but after a certain time and efforts the good work really shows. It is a competitive career and is mostly adopted by the people who are very imaginative and idea generators. Prospects
The career prospects are bright. One can work independently and can earn name, fame and money. This field can even bring international fame to those, whose treatment of a concept is unique. One can work with various television channels like CNN-IBN, National Geographic channel, Discovery, History channel, which showcase documentary to make masses familiar about reality. Various corporate houses and other institutions also need short films for showcasing their achievements at various occasions or as a brand exercise. One has to start at the very bottom and work his way up, i.e. beginning with raising capital for the film to its distribution, screening as well as all the stages of its crafting. There is a lot of scope for employment in the film-making industry in India. Candidates can find employment with film studios, production companies, advertising agencies and government department, which make films or start their own venture as producer, director, editors, cameramen, soundmen, lighting crew, assistants and so on. One can even go for a small production house, where the responsibilities are more, thus providing more valuable experience. Entry-level jobs could be as researchers, production assistants or assistant producers. Nowadays, even the government bodies assign individual filmmakers to make socially relevant and academic short films and documentaries for promotion of their activities and policies. Some people also start working as freelancers. One has to prove his talent and sincerity as the industry is much unorganised and usually new faces are not easily welcomed, so some freshers also start by working with big producers as interns. Many colleges, institutes and universities in India offer degree, diploma and certificate courses in Short Film-making and for this minimum eligibility criteria is Plus II pass in any stream. The duration of the course usually depends on the choice of the candidate. If one wants to pursue a professional one-year course then one must be a graduate. There are diploma, post diploma and even certificate courses in different areas of specialisation. Specialisation areas include production, direction, editing, cinematography, film processing, animation, acting, sound engineering, make up, photography and so on. Remuneration
Short Film-making is a highly remunerative field. A film making professional can begin his career as an intern or as a trainee with some good production house. A fresher can expect anything between Rs 15,000 to Rs 20,000 as a minimum salary. At the top level a person can expect sky high returns. In this industry a single project can make a person earn in lakhs. There is a great prospect of growth in terms of position and money but a lot depends upon the quality of work one is doing, networking and the hard work one does to get progress. Good amount of short film making is handled by freelancers also. There is huge demand for short film makers who can deliver good quality is a given time frame. Duration of courses
The duration of the course totally depends on whether one is planning to take it on undergraduate level or graduate level. Apart from the undergraduate and post graduate courses, some institutes also offer certificate/diploma courses in Short Film making. A diploma course is of two year (four semesters), and a professional one-year course (two semesters). The writer is Head of Communication Design Department, Pearl Academy of Fashion
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ACADEMIC NOTES
Maastricht University, one of the finest research universities in The Netherlands inaugurated the Maastricht Education and Research Centre (MERC), in Bangalore recently. A subsidiary of Maastricht University, MERC will foster academic collaboration with Indian Institutes and conduct joint researches of social relevance in India. On this occasion, Maastricht University signed MoUs with the National Law School, Bangalore; Indian Statistics Institute, Kolkata and NIMHANS to conduct joint research and also initiate student exchange programmes.
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The MoU with National Law School will facilitate research collaboration and PhD supervision foremost but not exclusively in the areas of international economic law, environment and climate change, Food regulatory, CSR and Human Rights Law and EU law. l
The MoU with National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro-Science will primarily facilitate, educational cooperation for curriculum development, innovative methodological approaches, student assessment; academic and cultural exchange and joint research programmes l
The MoU with Indian Statistical Institute will also focus on student exchange programs, academic and cultural exchange, along with staff exchange programmes. Dr. Jo Ritzen, President, Maastricht University said, “UM strongly believes that great quality education without research lacks innovation and top research without education lacks inspiration. India, having evolved as the preferred destination for R&D due to a variety of well-known reasons, is of course the natural focus for UM to stretch its wings beyond Europe. Setting up a subsidiary at Bangalore (Maastricht Education and Research Centre Pvt. Limited MERC) is the first major step in the direction of partnering with India ever since it has shown interest to develop partnerships in India in 2007.” — TNS
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Go global
With an annual growth rate of almost 9 per cent (in terms of GDP), the Indian economy has become an integral part of the world economy. Indian economy is currently the fourth largest based on purchasing power parity (PPP) and 11th largest in terms of gross domestic product (GDP). Economists predict that by 2020, India will be among the leading economies of the world. According to a study by Indo-American Chamber of Commerce, currently about 220 of the Fortune 500 companies from countries such as the USA, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan, Netherlands, South Korea, Switzerland, Canada and Sweden are present in India. Many Indian companies are also expanding their businesses overseas and operating on a transnational basis. This has generated a strong demand for well-educated professionals who can efficiently handle the nuances of continually changing international business environment. According to K.T. Chacko, Director, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT), New Delhi, “International Business has become a very exciting field with barriers on trade and capital flows dwindling down rapidly. With larger flows of trade and capital, including human capital, the pool of available resources not only becomes larger but also more diverse. Resources include ideas and management plans of executing these ideas. Hence, the increased diversity of resources and sharing of experiences and management plans is the current trend in international business.” IIFT is considered to be one of the premier institutes for international business in the country.
Definition
“International business comprises all commercial transactions that are devised and carried out across national boundaries to satisfy the objectives of individuals, companies, and organisations. These days, companies from a particular country expand their business operations to many countries. They tend to be international for different purposes and advantages like availability of various factors of production such as advance technology, cheap labour, raw material etc. and to satisfy the need and wants of people of different countries”, says Nitin Goswami, HoD, International Business, Master School of Management, Meerut.
Opportunities galore
Jobs in international business are ideal for people who truly enjoy travel, like learning about a variety of cultures and perform well when they are out of their comfort zone. Learning at least one other language is an absolute must to do well in this field, and the more languages one can master, the more marketable he or she will become. “People who can manage diversity, form international teams and create the best opportunity from across the globe stand a very bright chance in the field of international business”, says Chacko. Many large corporations operate in more than one continent and a degree in international business sets aspirants in the right direction toward working for such multinational corporations. Graduates in the field of international business can look for job opportunities in sectors like, Information Technology, Telecommunication, Pharmaceuticals and Biotechnology, Research & Development, Banking, Infrastructure, Agriculture and Food Processing, Retailing, Logistics, Manufacturing, Power and Energy. According to Goswami, “Career opportunities in the field of International Business are predominantly available in industries like export houses, international logistics, shipping, aviation, banking and multinational corporations to name a few. The companies which are engaged in import-export business are readily available to the young aspirants.”
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Happiness work
Even while the Pandavas were given the worse half of the kingdom (Khandavaprastha) as their share, many denizens chose to follow the righteous Pandavas. Many scholars were against Tulsidas for relating the adventures of Lord Rama in the local language. Then, he went ahead and wrote the Ramacharitmanas in local language as against Sanskrit. Tulsidas continued as he had the backing of the common people. Despite fighting on the Kaurava side, Bhishma and Karna managed to have a good reputation in the people’s eyes — Bhishma for his uprightness and Karna for never refusing a mendicant. “As Govardhan hill is more useful to us than Indra, who bestows rain, we should worship Govardhan instead of the king of gods,” said Krishna to his townsmen. Later, the hill, with a little finger help from Krishna, provided the denizens shelter from the fury of Indra. Even while Krishna was highly unpopular with his uncle Kansa for killing Putana, Tarnavrat, Vatsasur, Bakasur, Adhasur, Dhenukasur and Pralambasur and the humbling of Kaliya serpent, the people were highly supportive of him. Despite being angry at the death of Sati and the disturbance of his meditation at the arrows of Kama, Shiva acceded to popular pressure from the Devas. He not only married Parvati, a daughter of Himavat, but also produced a son — Kartikeya — who led the Deva army against Tarakasur. Customer opinion is important as in today’s world, he is king!
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With climate change becoming an issue of global concern, the management of forests has become crucial. An enhanced forest cover means greater capacity for carbon storage and sequestration which ultimately reduces green house emissions. Rejuvenating forests is, therefore, a key element of the strategy to combat climate change.The role of foresters also assumes significance with the Ministry of Forests and Environment having doubled its budget for forestry in the current fiscal to Rs 8,300
crore.
Film-making is basically a method of telling a story, or putting across an idea on a canvas that supports audio as well as visual matter. The first exposure a student gets while learning film-making is when he gets the chance to shoot a small film as an assignment. This is by putting together some shots to tell a story in a sequence. His creativity is seen and known then and there only. Career in short film making is emerging as the most varied and creative opportunity in mass media these days.
International business management has become one of the most sought after areas in the field of management. Economic integration of all countries has increased immensely over the past few decades and consequently, the volume of international trade has increased manifold. The value of world merchandise trade was 18 per cent higher in the third quarter of 2010 than in the same period of 2009, according to the latest World Trade Organization (WTO) quarterly figures (released on December 1, 2010).
With a need to reclaim and rejuvenate about 4-5 million hectare of land each year, the role of the foresters assumes significance. Our National Forest Policy envisages the need to bring about 66 per cent area in the hills and 33 per cent in the plains under forest cover, thus enhancing the scope of gainful employment for foresters. Apart from this a large number of industries based on forest products like pharmaceutical units manufacturing herbal drugs, manufacturers of fertilisers, fungicides, pesticides, plant oil like turpentine, eucalyptus, etc also offer plenty of employment opportunities for those taking up different courses in this field.
A. To begin with you could take the Indian Economic Service or the Indian Statistical Service Exams conducted by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) after completing your master’s in Economics/Applied Economics/Business Economics/Econometrics.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) attracts young and dynamic postgrads in economics with its high pay scale and good working conditions. Besides inducting personnel at the general administration level, RBI has a Planning Division, which recruits research officers in its department of Economic Analysis and Policy (DEAP).
A. The Mathematical Sciences Foundation, Delhi (www.mathscifound.org) runs a one-year masters level course — Graduate Studies Programme in Mathematics.
Thomas Alva Edison’s teacher complained that he couldn’t keep up with his classmates. Since then historians have said of Edison. “His brain had the highest cash value in history”.
International business management has become one of the most sought after areas in the field of management. Economic integration of all countries has increased immensely over the past few decades and consequently, the volume of international trade has increased manifold. The value of world merchandise trade was 18 per cent higher in the third quarter of 2010 than in the same period of 2009, according to the latest World Trade Organization (WTO) quarterly figures (released on December 1, 2010).
International business genrally implies the exchange of goods and services across international borders, which has been present throughout the history. The concept of globalisation has also contributed to the ever-increasing volume of trade among the countries. 
If no one is appreciating your worth inside the organization, take the opinion of some customers.Even while Rama had been banished and Bharata announced king, the people of Kosala decided to go with Rama. They followed the trio till Rama, Sita and Lakshman gave them the slip at night.
