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Trust your
doctor EC cracks the whip |
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Planet N So, what is a planet, anyway? Ever since Pluto was discovered in 1930 and designated to be the 9th planet of our solar system, astronomers have looked for the elusive No 10. And discovered a problem. Just what is a planet? NASA-funded scientists have now found yet another planet which they claim is the 10th planet.
Now a petro-cold war
The Indian
“idler”
Dateline
Washington Nuclear assets or
liability? Chatterati
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Trust your doctor
Now that the Supreme Court has removed the sword of prosecution hanging over the heads of doctors by holding that they cannot be prosecuted for simple lack of care and error of judgement or accident during treatment, they will, hopefully, rededicate themselves to the task of saving the lives of patients and accident victims. There is a very tender relationship between a doctor and his patient and this had been disturbed due to the tendency of too many of them rushing to court alleging wrongdoing by the former. In most cases, it was found that it is the patient who had misunderstood the complicated medical procedure. A patient and his family members are in an agitated state of mind and tend to blame the doctor for any tragedy that befalls them. It is only peer review by other professionals that can bring out the truth. Fearing endless rounds of courts, doctors had started being extremely wary about what treatment they recommended. The ultimate sufferers were patients themselves. They not only had to undergo endless tests and consultations but also were not given the right treatment in time. After all, which doctor would like to take the rap for a crime he did not commit? The apex court has rightly ordained that a private complaint against a doctor may not be entertained unless “prima facie” evidence is produced before a court of law. Like in any other profession, there can be some black sheep in the medical community as well. Doctors who leave bandages or even scissors inside the body of patients while carrying out operations fall in this category. The court directive does not mean that such doctors cannot be proceeded against. In fact, the Indian Medical Council should itself come forward to weed out those who are a blot on its fair name. Many patients rush to court mainly because the impression has gone round that doctors can get away with negligence. But those few who do snuff out lives through sheer negligence should not have any legal bunker to hide in. Other doctors should be trusted. |
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EC cracks the whip
The Election Commission’s directive to the Bihar government to remove from the electoral rolls the names of those against whom non-bailable warrants have not been executed for more than six months is welcome. This is a timely and significant decision because it is aimed at checking the growing criminalisation of politics. Moreover, as elections to the state Assembly are likely to be held in late October or early November, this order will help the authorities tackle the menace of criminals well before the elections. Bihar is known for its notorious criminals. They wield a lot of clout and muscle power during the elections. Consequently, they have vitiated the system at various levels. Television images of the violence perpetrated by these criminals during last year’s Lok Sabha elections in the Chhapra and Madhopur constituencies are still fresh in memory. While the election in Chhapra was countermanded, a repoll was ordered at most polling booths of the Madhopur constituency. Against this background, the commission’s directive reflects a calibrated strategy to keep the criminals out of the electoral process. Unfortunately, the Patna High Court has been facing hurdles in bringing 23,000 criminals to book mainly because of the non-cooperation and apathetic attitude of the state government. As criminals, with political patronage, are able to roam about freely in the state today, there seems to be no difference between the Laloo-Rabri Devi dispensation earlier and President’s rule under Governor Buta Singh. In January this year (before the Assembly elections), the High Court had directed the government to execute the non-bailable warrants against all the criminals. However, the officials have failed to comply with the directive so far. According to the preliminary estimates, the Election Commission’s latest directive will help weed out at least 10,000 absconding criminals from the electoral rolls in Bihar. Considering the scope and magnitude of the problem, this should still be treated as a significant achievement on the part of the commission. The commission would also do well to go ahead with its proposal to implement this directive in all future elections in other states and the Union Territories. As criminals are a major threat to the polity and rule of law, Parliament should join hands with the judiciary and the Election Commission in checking their entry into the representative institutions. |
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Planet N
Ever since Pluto was discovered in 1930 and designated to be the 9th planet of our solar system, astronomers have looked for the elusive No 10. And discovered a problem. Just what is a planet? NASA-funded scientists have now found yet another planet which they claim is the 10th planet. On doubtful grounds, as there are many astronomers who don’t even consider Pluto a planet. The International Astronomical Union (IAU) still has only some working definitions for a planet. Pluto is very small, measuring 2,300 kilometres across. Compare that to the earth, which is 12,756 kilometres, or the biggest, Jupiter, which is 1,42,800 km. Sheer mass is of the essence, though there are other factors. Team leader Mike Brown declared that “Pluto has been a planet for so long that the world is comfortable with that.” Ergo, if anything is bigger than Pluto and more distant, it is a planet. Convenient. The newly discovered planet, named Xena, is about three times further away from the Sun as is Pluto, and an estimated one and a half times its size. In fact, the team discovered the same day another object that was slightly smaller than Pluto. And last year, there was Sedna, again smaller. And Quiper... The problem is that anything going around the sun is a planet. As many as 175,753 minor planets have been discovered, of which some 50,000 have been named or numbered. Most are asteroids between Mars and Jupiter, while others are near-Earth asteroids and comets. The MIT’s Ceres Connection programme even names minor planets after students who win international contests. Two Coimbatore school girls are in that list, as are scores of other Indian-origin children abroad. Xena is part of the Kuiper belt of frozen objects beyond Neptune, including Pluto. Xena is an important and useful discovery, and many expect even bigger objects to be found. In the meantime, the IAU should accept the call to demote Pluto, and look afresh for Number 9. Maybe the ancients had something when they thought of nava grahas! |
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A book is like a garden carried in the
pocket. — American Proverb |
Now a petro-cold war
The world became unipolar with the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, and the US emerged as the sole super power. Disintegration of the Soviet Union left behind a treasure trove of hydrocarbons and mineral wealth in Central Asia and the Caspian Sea countries. Although the newly independent countries in this region have physical control over their hydrocarbon resources, they neither have capital nor technology to exploit these resources and transport them to potential markets. A new petro-cold war has started for the control of this rich legacy of 200 billion barrels of oil reserves and nearly 236 trillion cubic feet of gas in Central Asia and the Caspian Sea countries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan, and for pipelines for transportation. There are additional billions of dollars in the annual transit fee, construction contracts and geopolitical influence on the Trans-Caucasus and Central Asia in the 21st century. The region was producing only 8.7 lakh barrels of oil in 1995 and oil companies are planning to increase it to 45 lakh barrels by 2010, nearly equivalent to 5 per cent of the world’s total production. The main players in this new petro-cold war are the US and its allies, Russia, Iran and China. However, unlike the last Cold War, there are neither defined battle-lines nor visible armies or other means of war. This undeclared cold war is being fought by oil companies with a visible or covert support of their respective countries. The other players are the ideological groups, warlords, mercenaries, NGOs, etc. Direct or indirect interventions such as genocide, democratic concerns and alleged human rights violations are also being used as tools to help favourable political regimes to protect the investments of oil companies. As a show of strength, 500 US paratroopers from 82nd Airborne Division led by General John Sheehan launched the longest air-borne operation in human history by undertaking a non-stop 7700 miles flight from Fort Bragg, North Carolina, to the drop zone in Kazakhstan. Military aid worth millions of dollars has been given to the different countries of the region to strengthen their forces for fighting saboteurs of pipelines and other oil infrastructure. The US and its allies want to create non-OPEC sources of energy after the 9/11 and 7/7 episodes, so as to reduce their dependence on the volatile Middle-East and OPEC. The scene in Central Asia and the Caspian Sea is reminiscent of the 17th century when trading companies like the East India Company and its European competitors were trying to control trade routes and natural resources in different parts of the world. Different stake-holders in the petro-cold war want to take out oil through their respective favourable routes and make it difficult for their opponents to do so for their own energy security and geopolitical reasons. The region’s existing pipelines were constructed during the early Soviet period, but now they tend to head north and west towards Russia. In view of this, the northern route is being favoured by Russia for making use of its existing and proposed pipelines to transport oil to its Black Sea port of Novorossisk. The US is not in favour of this route due to geopolitical reasons, as Russia will then control one of the major energy routes in the world. The western pipeline route is being favoured by the US, Azerbaijan, Turkey and Georgia through a 1750 km pipeline from Azerbaijan, via Georgia, to Turkey — the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan route (BTC). Apart from satisfying the oil needs of the US and its European allies, this pipeline will benefit US companies with contracts worth $ 3.6 billion, which will not be available through the alternative routes favoured by other countries. The BTC pipeline passes through some of the world’s most volatile regions. The south-eastern route from Turkmenistan through Afghanistan to Pakistan is being promoted by American oil company Unocal. The southern route through Iran is economically most viable, as Iran has already a network of pipelines in place with an exit to the Gulf for the oil-hungry Asian market. However, this route is being blocked by the US by using sanctions against the companies and governments promoting it. The eastern route from Kazakhstan to China, although the costliest one, is being promoted by China due to its enormous requirements and energy security concerns. All these pipeline routes are under direct threat from fundamentalist groups, separatist movements, warlords and marginalised minorities. These groups are being manipulated by different stake-holders to block the oil routes of their rivals. Sabotage of the oil resources that serve the interests of Western powers has become one of the major strategies of Islamic fundamentalists post-9/11. Separatist movements are also using it to economically weaken their respective governments. Protection of oil pipelines from desperate and committed saboteurs is a Herculean task, as is experienced in Iraq. In spite of the deployment of 14000 guards for the security of pipelines, nearly 400 sabotage attempts have been made since the formal end of the Iraq war. The fear of an assault on the oil infrastructure by desperate elements has resulted in a fear premium of roughly $10 per barrel of oil. This makes some of the already costly routes economically unviable. It becomes difficult to procure funds for such projects from international financial institutions. It is being speculated that the present high oil prices may be one of the strategies to procure funding from financial institutions for costly routes such as BTC. Apart from the physical threats to the pipelines, the legal status of the Caspian Sea is another bottleneck for the exploitation of Caspian Sea oil, a legacy left after the collapse of the Soviet Union. According to the 1921 treaty of friendship between Iran and Russia, the Caspian Sea was shared as a lake. However, the emergence of new littoral states of Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan in 1991, which have a combined length of the Caspian coastline greater than that of Iran and Russia, has complicated the issue. These states have demanded a redefinition of the legal status of the Caspian, as a sea and not as a lake. If the new status is accepted, then natural resources can be divided into equidistant national sectors. While America supports sea interpretation, Iran does not accept this. This is one of the reasons for the turbulent relationship between the US and Iran. While the strategic petro-cold war in Central Asia has been in full swing in the backyard of India, it has remained a silent spectator during more than one decade and lost the share in the Central Asian energy pie. This is the combined result of a non-existent strategic energy security policy, the local-centric attitude of the major oil companies and the multiplicity of ministries dealing with energy. Some of the lost ground can be still covered by making investments in oil infrastructure such as new oilfields, refineries, power stations and chemical and fertilizer industries. In addition, vast resources of mineral wealth in the Central Asian countries can be exploited using the locally available energy sources. These processed materials can be exported to India to meet the country’s energy requirements. It will indirectly help in saving indigenous energy sources. India has both technology and expert manpower in all these areas. Iran can be used as a trade route to bypass non-cooperating Pakistan and volatile Afghanistan. The Petroleum Ministry has become proactive only recently by engaging Central Asian countries in oil diplomacy to meet some of the country’s oil and gas needs. A stake in the Turkmenistan pipeline, as and when it materialises, will be helpful in meeting some of the future needs of the country. The Central Asian region should be viewed as a part of India’s zone of strategic interest and New Delhi should replay its historical role there. The initiative of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in constituting an energy coordination committee is one of most timely and crucial steps to prepare a comprehensive national energy security policy so that India may not lose similar opportunities again.
The writer is Director, Energy Research Centre, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
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The Indian “idler”
"We are all united today”, screamed the compere, “in our patriotic task to spot the most idle Indian”. As the wise crowd cheered dutifully, the contestants walked the romp, one by one. “I am a cricket fan — don’t miss watching even mohalla matches . My life’s aim is to collect one lakh autographs of batsmen and bowlers”, beamed a lean boy desperately, “I am still unemployed — I don’t even attend interviews due to the matches I am obliged to watch”. “I have spent my life playing antakshari with film songs”, boasted the next one, rolled onto the romp in a wheel chair. ‘‘I was sacked from many jobs, wife walked out with another fellow . A criminal gang chopped my legs, put me on the footpath with a begging bowl to challenge people to antakshari. But, I still love my Indiah, I love my Indiaaah” The crowd went into raptures and joined the chorus. A thoroughly impressed judge hoped solemnly that such love and sacrifice for movies would not go waste. “But wait sir, wait, wait …”, screamed the compere, “here is another great talent”. An aged gentleman arrived on the romp on a stretcher. A hush fell on the crowd. He signalled to his escort who cleared his throat and proclaimed: ‘‘This gentleman, working in the government, had a unique record of not doing even one full day’s work. Instead, he wrote poetry, played cards during office hours, and discussed politics, scandals, electoral strategies etc.” The wise judges asked, “but why the stretcher?” The escort laughed pathetically, “he used to catch even strangers and force them to listen to his poetry. One day, a listener couldn’t bear it and got violent ..” A middle-aged lady then entered the romp, crying profusely. She let out a wail and screamed: “Why was dear Jassi so badly treated? Why should Tulsi suffer? What will now happen to ...” The honourable judges for the prestigious contest were not impressed. “It’s not idling”, they ruled, “we all watch these serials with great passion — since our whole education flows from them”. Quietly, then, came an old man. “I did my job honestly, and haven’t made much money. I help my neighbours and spend my spare time reading books — literature, philosophy, history …”. He was yet to finish when the jubilant crowd rose, chanting : “What a waste ! What a waste!”. They have found their Indian Idler. |
Dateline Washington
In a sign of the hurdles that await the realisation of U.S.-India civilian nuclear cooperation, a new report indicates some observers believe the steps India has promised to take to separate its civilian and military facilities are “insufficient.” The Congressional Research Service report says there are no measures in the agreement reached between President George W. Bush and Prime Minister Manmohan Singh in Washington last month to restrain India’s nuclear weapons programme. India agreed to identify and separate its civilian and military nuclear facilities and programmes; declare its civilian facilities to the International Atomic Energy Agency; voluntarily place civilian facilities under IAEA safeguards; sign an additional protocol for civilian facilities; continue its unilateral nuclear test moratorium; work with the United States to conclude a Fissile Material Cut Off Treaty (FMCT); refrain from transferring enrichment and reprocessing technologies to states that do not have them, as well as support international efforts to limit their spread; secure its nuclear materials and technology through comprehensive export control legislation and through harmonisation and adherence to the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) and Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) guidelines. The report argues the need for Washington to have some assurances that its assistance does not, according to its obligation to the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, “in any way assist, encourage or induce any non-nuclear-weapon state to manufacture nuclear weapons.” A significant question is how India, in the absence of full-scope safeguards, can provide adequate confidence that U.S. peaceful nuclear technology will not be diverted to nuclear weapons purposes, it adds. Robert Einhorn of the Center for Strategic and International Studies said at a panel discussion in Washington last week that the formulation in the joint statement that India would acquire the same benefits and advantages as other states with advanced nuclear technology was an “unfortunate” one. “I would suspect that this formulation would be a red flag to a number of non-nuclear NPT parties, including many friends of the United States, among them being Japan, Germany, Canada, Australia, Brazil, South Africa … And for over 30 years it was a key principle that NPT parties deserved some preferential treatment. There had to be some advantage in joining the
NPT, and so there was this principle of preferential treatment,” he said. India is not a signatory to the
NPT. Mr Einhorn, a former assistant secretary for non-proliferation at the State Department, criticised the haste with which the deal was pushed through, saying, “I don’t know why the big rush.” The initial expectation was that this would be put together in time for Mr Bush’s 2006 visit to India, he said, “But it was rushed through in, you know, frantic negotiations in the last 24 hours and, as a result, there wasn’t an opportunity to lay the groundwork with members of the Nuclear Suppliers Group, with members of Congress, where U.S. legislation will have to be changed.” Last month, Under Secretary of State R. Nicholas Burns told reporters that the Bush administration would put a specific programme in front of Congress when it returns from recess “that would allow the United States to proceed to commit itself to this programme of cooperation” with the advice and agreement of Congress. According to the Congressional Research Service report, several questions could arise as the U.S. Congress considers the administration’s programme. Some of these will be: How complete are India’s declarations of civilian facilities? What is the level of intrusiveness of the IAEA’s programme to inspect those facilities? What is the added value of the additional protocol, given the likelihood that nuclear weapon facilities will not be able to be inspected? How well is India’s export control implementation functioning? What are India’s plans for its nuclear weapons programme and what is the possibility that U.S. assistance could benefit that weapons programme? If India is prepared to take on the responsibilities undertaken by other nuclear weapon states, is it prepared to stop producing fissile material for weapons? Is it prepared to declare some nuclear material as excess to its defence needs and place that material under IAEA safeguards? What impact will nuclear safeguards on civilian facilities have on India’s transparency efforts with Pakistan? Mr Bush assured Dr. Singh he would “work to achieve full civil nuclear energy cooperation with India” and would “also seek agreement from Congress to adjust U.S. laws and policies.” If implemented, this cooperation would dramatically shift U.S. non-proliferation policy and practice toward India. Such cooperation would also contravene the multilateral export control guidelines of the NSG, which was formed in response to India’s proliferation, says the report. “At a time when the United States has called for all states to strengthen their domestic export control laws and implementation and for tighter multilateral controls, U.S. nuclear cooperation with India will require loosening its own nuclear export legislation as well as creating an NSG exception,” it says. Under the terms of the Atomic Energy Act, Congress must approve an agreement for cooperation. If the administration chooses to exempt the agreement from the statutory non-proliferation criteria, both Houses of Congress must pass a joint resolution of approval. |
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Nuclear assets or liability?
Prime Minister Manmohan Singh was rightly expressed his fear of Pakistan’s nuclear weapons falling into the hands of jehadis in case President Musharraf losses power. With an increasing danger to Musharraf’s life from Muslim fundamentalists against whom the General is taking action, the possibility of another coup in Pakistan cannot be entirely ruled out. As for Pakistan becoming a focal point of nuclear weapon proliferation, it is only to be expected because the Pak bomb was acclaimed as the Islamic Bomb, with huge amount of money from Muslim countries going into its making. However the Indian authorities are themselves to blame for the nuclear arms race in the subcontinent. The BJP-led NDA government though that by going overtly nuclear, it could make into India a recognised nuclear power as well as have a foolproof deterrent
against Pakistan’s belligerency. Both these assumption proved to be wrong. Indian’s industrial and military modernisation suffered a serious setback when sanctions were imposed by the developed countries. As for deterrence, Pakistan too tested its nuclear bombs within days after the Indian test. In fact, the advantage of deterrence is with Pakistan today because India has agreed to the no-first-use condition whereas Pakistan is not bound by any such restriction. Pakistan can blamed for causing all the Indo-Pak wars and for fueling the ongoing Islamic militancy in Kashmir and acts of terrorism in other parts of India. But it is wrong to blame Pakistan for
Initiating a nuclear arms race in the Indian subcontinent. As for back as 1974, Pakistan had proposed to keep South Asia a nuclear weapon free zone and the proposal was repeatedly endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly year after year. In view of India’s opposition, Pakistan had proposed in 1978 that, as a first step, Pakistan and India should issue a joint declaration renouncing the acquisition or manufacture of nuclear weapons. Now, to express the fear of Pak nuclear assets falling into the hands of jehadis or ask Pakistan to sign a treaty of no-first-use can’t impress the international community. All the while the Indian contention has been that India’s nuclear weapon programme was not Pakistan-centric, the obvious inference being it was a deterrent against China. That argument holds no water today with normalisation of relations with China. And If the non-first-use clause has any validity, China too has agreed to that stipulation. It will be difficult for the Indian authorities, who claimed that India has become a superpower because of having nuclear weapons, to backtrack now and admit the truth that he Bomb has in no way enhanced the country’s security status. The ruling BJP then was going ecstatic with the pride of Hindutva attainment. The opposition Congress, instead of condemning the tests, was claiming that it was made possible because to the research and development done during Congress rule. Even the Communists who sing paeans for peace and disarmament won’t dare to demand India along with Pakistan should destroy their nuclear weapon assets. Today India’s has nuclear weapon capability but has not been recognised as a nuclear weapon state. |
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Chatterati The Capital crowd is full of politics. After the induction of Rane in Maharashtra as Revenue Minister, Congress guys are so depressed. They have jumped to the conclusion that to make it to the top you do not need to fight elections. No use! Nearly all senior ministers are Rajya Sabha members. Second, if you are a true soldier of the party, forget it! You will never make it if you did not some time or the other leave the Congress when it was sinking. How can you expect a member of the Shiv Sena for 39 years to work with the Congress ideology. Nearly all CWC members are the ones who have never fought an election or lost. There is no Youth Congress nor a cadre base. So, if a true Congress guy was asked a year back would this government last, it was a clear “yes”! Today, “We don’t know, may be there is a third front coming up. And of the five states going to the polls the ruling party will anyway not win any.
Among the intellectuals For a pompous Delhi that thrives on loud acoustics a gathering of intellectual and luminaries comes as a whiff of fresh air. The book release hosted by Talmiz Ahmed, Additional Secretary with the Ministry of External Affairs, who made his contribution to literature with a book dedicated to the reforms in the Arab world. The book was released by Mani Shanker Ayer. Right from Vinod Mehta of Outlook to Mark Tully and Yusuf Ansari were present. The other book release was a real contrast. Delhi has long been acknowledged as the city of food lovers. A book on food-by-food guru Marut Sikhas “Indian flavours” saw an impressive turnout. Comellia Punjabi, who put Indian cuisine on the global map, was to release the book but due to the Mumbai rains could not make it. Penning down all the flavours of this vast country in just one book is not possible, but has done fairly well. An evening of friends, good food, and personalities like Vinod Dua, Rohit Bal and Nalini Singh.
Lovely and Sweety Now the misdeeds of Buta Singh’s two sons — Lovely and Sweety — are adding to the cup of woes of Bihar. The allegations of meddling in government affairs and calling the shots in the administration, the two sons were discreetly packed off to Delhi. Well, even then Lovely and his wife, Alka, who runs an NGO, are in taxing problems over some festival match for charity. Officialdom in Bihar has numerous stories to narrate on “Lovely and Sweety”. If that is not enough, the bytes on “Bunty and Bubly” are doing the rounds too. The daughter of the Governor has been nick named Bubly, while the son-in-law Bunty. |
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From the pages of Who listens to people’s voice?
The fact that in spite of strenuous opposition, Government recently carried through some exceedingly unpopular measures has, it appears, considerably discouraged and disheartened the people. In fact, one of our correspondents, a gentleman who guides public opinion in his district, wrote plainly in his letter that it was useless to “agitate”, as nobody would listen to our representations. “The powers that be,” he said, “seemed to be deaf to the voice of the native public.” Would it not be simple idiotic to keep absolutely quiet because, forsooth, it is supposed that our rulers are indifferent to what we natives may think or say regarding measures affecting us? Our rulers cannot afford to ignore our views. Sometimes it may happen that they feel confident that a measure would do us good, and think that our opposition either proceeded from ignorance or pure “zid”. It is then that they prove unshakeable. But it ought to make us the more resolved to show to them that it is they, not we, who are in the wrong…. One great reason why we should not lose heart is that a sympathetic and high-minded nobleman like Lord Curzon is our ruler. He sees with his own eyes, and hears with his own ears. He has the great gift of being able to put himself in the position of the governed. He is not the man to be swayed in the least by any other consideration but that of promoting the welfare of the people. |
The mettle of each warrior must be well tested before he is elevated to the post of commander. It is not enough for him to be well skilled in weaponry. He must have strength of will and fortitude too. — The Mahabharata And do not give to incompetents your property that God has granted you for subsistence, but provide for them from it, and clothe them, and speak fair words to them. — Book of quotations on Islam With their mind, heart and soul constantly fixed on God they acquire radiant faces and beautiful looks. — Guru Nanak Truly wise is that man in whose heart every being has an equal place. How can we be wise as long as we love some, hate some and be indifferent to others? — Book of quotations on Hinduism That all who are happy, are equally happy is not true. A peasant and a philosopher may be equally satisfied, but not equally happy. Happiness consists in the multiplicity of agreeable
consciousness. — Book of quotations on Happiness |
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