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Nettled Nixon Riverside hazards |
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Something in the air Reviving romance with the radio The appeal of the radio has survived in the age of the Internet and cable television. The government’s decision to approve of a revenue sharing model for the second phase of private FM radio broadcasting should come as a boost to a fledgling sector that has been struggling to take off.
Power has limits
The bridge on the Sutlej
Summit on poverty Now make payments by mobile! Chatterati
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Nettled Nixon
Americans, including their presidents and politicians, are known for their colourful language often replete with expletives. The irrepressible Dr Henry Kissinger, President Nixon’s National Security Adviser in the 1970s and the prime player in putting pressure on India during the 1971 India-Pakistan war, was no exception when it came to using unprintable epithets. Unable to prevail on then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi to kowtow to Washington, both Nixon and Dr K felt terribly frustrated. They gave vent to their impotent rage by taking recourse to foul language: calling Indians “bastards” and “most aggressive goddamn people” who deserved to perish in a famine; and referring to Indira Gandhi as “an old witch”. Political correctness, not to mention diplomatic sensibilities, when referring to other people and international leaders was obviously not considered to be necessary by either Nixon or Dr Kissinger. However, their exchanges, now revealed in documents on South Asia, are offensive not merely because the language is abusive but also because it shows unspeakable contempt for a whole people, country, government and political leadership. Such objectionable language in matters of state by two high representatives of a super power betrays Washington’s arrogance, supremacist attitude and intolerance against anyone who cannot be bent to the whims of US interests. In the wake of the revelations, Dr Kissinger has expressed regret and stated that he has “high regard” for Indira Gandhi. The sincerity of this is open to question because in the same breath he has justified the remarks in the context of the Cold War obtaining then. Indians would no doubt take this in their stride. In fact, they may even take pride in the fact that the revelations show that the Prime Minister of India could not be pressured to act according to the dictates of a foreign power. Nevertheless, there is bound to be a feeling of being berated as a people, especially by one such as Dr Kissinger who, despite being the brain behind Nixon’s famous “tilt” in favour of Pakistan, is lately well regarded and has enjoyed Indian hospitality on his visits after the war. |
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Riverside hazards
Timely warnings saved many lives last fortnight when the Sutlej swelled all of a sudden. But the loss to property was immense. It now comes out that most of it took place because houses at many places were too close to the river banks. Telltale photographs of buildings standing precariously with water flowing underneath their rear portions were published by The Tribune and some other newspapers. The government’s advice to the people to desist from erecting buildings at such vulnerable spots has no meaning at this late stage. It was its responsibility to step in when the construction activity was started. Human misery could have been lessened if this responsibility was faithfully discharged. People have refused to learn from previous floods and have risked their lives repeatedly. It is for the government to learn the necessary lessons and act in time so that no new constructions come up near river banks and the old ones are shifted to safer grounds. This must be done before the next monsoon season. Even temporary structures set up near minor nullahs have vanished following flash floods in the recent past claiming many lives. Not only should construction activity be disallowed up to a certain distance from the river banks, such restrictions should also apply to the height from the water level at which buildings can be made. The same holds true of bridges and roads too where safe height specifications should be laid down. Recently, the Sutlej rose by more than 40 ft unexpectedly, and played havoc. A similar – or even worse – situation can develop in the future also. Surely, there are laws providing for such restrictions. Even if there are not, new laws and rules can be made in the interest of the public. Enforcement along such a vast area will be a difficult task no doubt but it will certainly be less onerous than providing relief to thousands of persons who are affected by floods regularly. The public also should be more careful. The recent tragedy must make it realise that life is more precious than a chunk of prized land along the river full of hazards. |
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Something
in the air
The appeal of the radio has survived in the age of the Internet and cable television. The government’s decision to approve of a revenue sharing model for the second phase of private FM radio broadcasting should come as a boost to a fledgling sector that has been struggling to take off. Though the sector was opened up to private participation five years ago in May 2000, when 108 frequencies in 40 cities were offered, only 21 private FM stations are on air today, in 12 cities. The open bidding process followed then had resulted in high entry costs, which put off many a willing player. The government has now acceded to the industry demand for doing away with licence fees, which were also prohibitively high, and instead opting for a 4 percent share of the revenue every year. Wisely, they have also gone in for a closed bidding process for the entry fee. Phase II envisages the setting up of 330 stations in 90 cities. Foreign direct investment has also been allowed, up to 20 per cent of the stake. Successful FM stations in the metros have discovered how to tap the radio’s active appeal to the imagination, at once personal and non-intrusive. Many a housewife, student and hassled commuter spending hours on traffic-clogged streets, have discovered its joys. The government has not lifted the blanket restriction on the news and current affairs broadcasts, testimony to the reach, power, and potential influence of the disembodied but authoritative sounding voices coming over the airwaves. The ban should hopefully be reviewed in the near future. The ministry is also seized of the importance of promoting local, community-based, non-commercial radio stations, of which only one station is in operation today at Anna University in Chennai. That might well be next on the ministry’s agenda. Offering quality programming will be the challenge facing the entrants. A levelling of the playing field is the first step to unearthing new talents and movements, so that we might well see a revival of the romance with the radio. |
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Justice is the constant and perpetual wish to render to everyone his due. — Justinian |
Power has limits
The image and credibility of any institution rests upon the calibre and stature of those at its helm as also, of course, on the manner in which they discharge their role and functions. Introspection in this regard is an obligation for those who man the institutions no less than it is for individuals. What must impel such introspection by the Punjab Human Rights Commission is the recent judgment of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana in Jatt Ram versus the Punjab Human Rights Commission and another decided on May 18, 2005. With three of the five members of the commission being from the judiciary-a former Chief Justice, a judge of the High Court and a former District and Sessions Judge-it was to be expected that the ambit of the commission’s role and its limits would be well known and understood by its members. This, unfortunately, does not appear to have happened. Instead, in the face of egregious violations of its powers by the commission and its encroachments upon the powers of the courts, both civil and criminal, the High Court was impelled to clarify that in civil disputes between private individuals it has no role to play, nor does it have any power to set aside any order passed by an administrative or quasi-judicial authority at the instance of any aggrieved person. Further, when a court of competent jurisdiction was already seized of the matter, the commission had no jurisdiction either to initiate parallel proceedings or to direct investigation in the matter. As regards the proceedings pending in the court, the commission may intervene but only with the approval of such court. It was also pointed out that it is only in respect of violations of human rights by a public servant or negligence in the prevention of such violation by a public servant that the commission may initiate proceedings. Where the commission had so blatantly transgressed its permissible limits was in the orders passed by one of its members, Mr B.C. Rajput. That was when the High Court was constrained to spell out what the commission could and could not do. To illustrate, in a case where an accused had been denied anticipatory bail by the Criminal Court, directions were issued to the police by Mr Rajput not to take any further action against the accused. In another case, directions (nomenclatured as “recommendations”) were issued to the government to file a challan against an accused who, after investigation, had been found innocent. The government was further directed to pay Rs 25,000 as compensation to the complainant and later to recover this amount from the accused. Next, in a pending murder trial, where the High Court had directed that the trial be completed within four months, directions were issued to the Additional Director-General of Police by Mr Rajput to reinvestigate the FIR. The story is no different on the civil side. Cognizance was taken of a dispute regarding the sale of a house. In doing so Mr Rajput not only ignored the fact that the complaint to the commission was barred by limitation but also that the inquiry into the matter ordered by him was beyond his authority. No wonder, the High Court not only quashed all these orders passed by Mr Rajput but also directed the complainants who had approached the commission in these matters to pay Rs 25,000 as costs. At a recent meeting of the national and state Human Rights Commissions held in Delhi last month the Chairman of the national commission, Chief Justice Dr A. S. Anand, was at pains to stress upon the issue of credibility of the concerned state commissions. “Credibility alone,” he said, “could determine whether its recommendations were going to be accepted or not.” In his article, “Evolution of the National Human Rights Commission, 1993-2002”, Mr Virendra Dayal makes a very pertinent observation: “In the final analysis, it is the calibre and integrity of the chairperson and members and their determination to promote and protect human rights with independence and without fear that determines whether a commission is viewed as effective and credible, or as neither. Despite the similarity in strengths and weaknesses of their statutes, the provisions for the national commission, in many important respects, being reproduced mutatis mutandis for the state commissions, there has been a wide variation in the performance and credibility of the various commissions. The “human factor” is thus clearly the variable, both in respect of membership of individual commissions and in respect of the manner in which the Central/state governments cooperate-or fail to cooperate-with them.” Turning to this aspect of “ human factor” as regards Mr Rajput, it is said that there was an enquiry pending against him when he resigned from the post of District and Sessions Judge. Access to the record of his resignation and consultation of the government with the High Court regarding his appointment to the commission has unfortunately not been permitted by the High Court. There is then Mr Justice R. L. Anand whose acquittal of the culprits of a gang-rape of a 16-year-old girl as trial judge earned him from the Supreme Court the remarks, “The judgment impugned in this appeal presents a rather disquieting and disturbing feature. It demonstrates lack of sensitivity on the part of the court by casting unjustified stigmas on a prosecutrix aged below 16 years in a rape case, by overlooking human psychology and behavioral probabilities.” The court went on further to say, “We must express our strong disapproval of the approach of the trial court and its casting a stigma on the character of the prosecutrix. The observations lack sobriety expected of a judge. Such like stigmas have the potential of not only discouraging an even otherwise reluctant victim of sexual assault to bring forth complaint for the trial of criminals thereby making society to suffer by letting the criminal to escape even a trial. The courts are expected to use self-restraint while recording such findings which have larger repercussions so far as the future of the victim of sex crime is concerned and even wider implications on society as a whole-where the victim of crime is discouraged — the criminal encouraged and in turn crime gets rewarded.” Regarding another member, Mr N. K. Arora, when he was a secretary to the government, the Supreme Court had observed, “Flouting all norms violating statutory provisions and showing scant respect for principles of law, the said secretary deprived Respondent 1, the elected representative of the people, firstly as a member and then as President of the municipality, obviously to oblige his political opponents who incidentally happened to belong to the ruling parties (the Shiromani Akali Dal and the BJP) in the state of Punjab. In an action attributable to the said secretary in the performance of his statutory obligations and instead ill action taken by him is a matter of concern not only for Respondent 1 but all those who believe in the rule of law and the preservation, development and conservation of democratic institutions with their values in the country.” Turning to the Chairman of the commission, Mr Justice N.C. Jain, in the context of what has emerged, one wonders what leadership, control or supervision he had been exercising. It must be appreciated that there rests upon the powers that be a sacred trust and duty to ensure that appointments to public institutions like the Punjab Human Rights Commission are of none but the best, lest it be said as former British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin once put it, “The halls of fame are open and wide and they are always full. Some go in by the door called ‘push’ and some by the door called ‘pull’.”
The writer is a former Chief Justice of the High Court of Allahabad. |
The bridge on the Sutlej
It sends a shiver in my backbone to even imagine that the bridges and parts of NH22, which me and Surkhab Shaukin drove across just last month have been swept away completely by the angry and roaring Sutlej in the Kinnaur area. Karcham Bridge whose presence has been demolished by the fury of water had a magical influence on us with its bewitching surroundings. As if driven by natures’ seduction, in complete silence, we had parked our vehicle on the site. Surkhab stood motionless looking at the snow peeping through huge mountains. It was certainly a very strange scene. A pyramid like snow cap was bathing in the sunset. The colour of the snow had turned into sparkling gold. Surkhab literately woke from a trance after I shook him and then furiously began unfolding his camera equipment. He swept into action for the next half an hour. From any angle the Karcham Bridge was a photographer’s delight. If army and BROs’ presence had livened the earth around Karcham, nature was showering its bounty from the sky. As if mountains were having a magnet inside them to attract thick cotton like rich white clouds from the womb of sparkling blue sky. Surkhab as usual displayed his restlessness in capturing Karchham and its surroundings in his camera. The road to Chittkul, farthest area of Kinnaur near Chinese border, was narrow and extremely frightening. While I controlled my pounding of heart, by avoiding looking into the valley, Surkhab on the other hand was taking pride in the development of the area. Why do my American classfellows keep saying that India hasn’t developed after the British left, he kept asking and stopping repeatedly to click much to the annoyance of the driver. Surkhab particularly was fascinated with the bridges that came our way alongside the Sutlej. The water was flowing in the river but only with a fascinating view and speed. We couldn’t have imagined even for a moment that this peacefully flowing water one day would get so furious for reasons best known to itself that it could knock off all those bridges and enchanting man- made houses adding and enhancing nature’s beauty. The road to Rekong Peo was even more dreadful. When a young boy with curly hair and piercing eyes
beckoned us to give him a lift, we happily took him in without any apprehensions and fears of any urbanite lift seeker. Yes, people of hills generate faith and trust to such an extent that even today you can leave or forget your luggage on any shop or public place without any fear of it being stolen. Hills of Himachal are appropriately called “land of gods”. Both of us being atheists respected the fact that peoples’ faith in god ensures that they remain unaffected by the repercussions of excessive commercialism and race for earning quick money. Why the Satluj has not answered millions of prayers by these hill people was the inevitable question that is bothering my mind. When I informed Surkhab, who had returned to the US to keep up with his studies about the destructive role of the Sutlej, in the Kinnaur area his heart sank. He couldn’t believe that all those bridges and parts of NH22 were completely wiped off from the map of Kinnaur. He has quite a few visuals on his film and hundreds of pictures stored in his own memory. Some images are in my mind also—only images now, perhaps.
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Summit on poverty
Watch TV, turn on the radio or pick up a newspaper, one thing which strikes you is the hype surrounding the forthcoming G8 summit at Gleneagles in Scotland. Reams of newsprint and hours of TV and radio time have been devoted to the conference and eye-catching slogans have been coined. To make poverty history, especially in poor African countries, is billed as the main objective. The rock-singers such as Bob Geldof of Live Aid fame, Bono and a host of other musicians have been taken on board. They will be organising concerts to create mass awareness. People have been asked to flock to the conference venue to impress upon the world leaders their concerns about the need to make firm commitments to eliminate poverty. In the past, the host government had to spend millions to manage protesters, which often got out of hand. This time Britain has co-opted the musicians. The concerts and the protests, therefore, will be held under official patronage. Not taking chances, however, a five mile security cordon has been erected around the venue, i.e. Gleneagles, 40 miles from Edinburgh in Scotland. Thousands of security forces and policemen will be on hand to help to ensure security of those attending the conference. Britain, which is hosting the Summit, wants firm commitments and an action plan to achieve the Millennium Development Goals, set up by the UN, a few years back, to meet challenges of global poverty, especially in least developed countries in Africa, provide primary education to every child and to combat AIDS. Britain wants the G8 members to raise development aid to 0.7 per cent of gross domestic product (GDP) by 2015, and 100 per cent cancellation of debt of 62 developing countries owed to international institutions like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. It also wants fairer world trade rules. Incidentally, Britain’s own record on aid has been poor. It’s way down in the list of countries providing aid when measured as a percentage of GDP. Another core issue is the need to make progress on climate change. Since the G8 nations account for 65 per cent of the global GDP and 47 per cent of all carbon dioxide emissions, the Summit hosts want to impress upon the G8 members and the leaders of the emerging economies such as India, China, Brazil and South Africa, who have been invited to the conference, to acknowledge the need to reduce emissions. All the high sounding pronouncements apart, most in the developing countries remain sceptical about the rich nations’ intentions. They very well know that increasing development aid and writing off debts of poorest countries sounds mighty nice, but it is the just trade regime that helps develop the poor. As one commentator said last week, it does not cost much for political leaders to promise at the cost of taxpayers, especially when even the taxpayers won’t be asked to shoulder the burden. Promises made by the rich are seldom honoured. Aid, in any case, helps only the rich. It subsidises their own industry and business, perpetuates indebtedness of the recipients and results in dependence and domination of the rich over the poor. Look at the development record of poor recipients countries in Africa. One does not have to be an economist to know that despite massive aid doses, sub-Saharan Africa is poorer today than it was a decade ago. The main cause is not the corrupt inefficient regimes though they are part of the problem. It is trade distortion, which has perpetuated poverty in poorest countries. When the West talks of increasing aid to poorer countries, not many in these countries are fooled. Look at the recent European special aid package for the poorest African countries. Notice the strings attached. The recipients will be required to open their markets to European goods and services to an even greater extent than is required by the WTO. The recipient nations will have to eliminate import and export duties, and there will be no restrictions on capital and investment from the donor counties. The list is long and will ensure perpetual dependence of the poor on the rich nations. Ending subsidies, quotas and bringing about a fairer trade regime would ensure development. But since it would hurt powerful lobbies in rich countries, the rulers in rich countries dare not tread this path. Real power-brokers in most developed countries are the multinationals, big farmers and defence manufacturers. As far as climate change is concerned, the US, the richest and the worst polluter of atmosphere, has not even signed the Kyoto Protocol on climate change. Up till now, it has not even acknowledged that climate change is man-made. The rich nations will expect emerging countries such as China and India to reduce emissions, but will not be able to persuade the biggest culprit, the US, to do so. Britain is to spend about £100 million to host the conference — about £400 millions less than the Japanese spent some years back on such a summit. Eight million pounds will be spent on housing and feeding the world’s powerful leaders and £12 millions a head on protecting them from protesters. It seems vulgar to spend so much money to merely talk about poverty. Thirty years ago, the summit of the rich nations was first conceived by the then French President, Valery Giscard d’Estaing as “library chat” between the heads of the first-world governments. Later things changed. Now hordes of bureaucrats gather for weeks on end thrashing out issues and at the end the leaders would be read out what was handed out to them by their loyal officials. Decisions are no longer taken by informal chats, but with full fanfare accompanying conferences covered by the world media. |
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Now make payments by mobile!
Thanks to Indian inventor and telecom guru Sam Pitroda you can now buy goods and pay for them through your cell phone; or send emergency medical reports to your doctor on your mobile; or wire cash anywhere in the world by clicking a few buttons on your cell. All these transactions are no longer in the realm of imagination. They have already begun to happen, enabled by a virtual wallet technology patented by Pitroda. His small software company C-SAM based at Oakbrook, Illinois, is at the centre of what he says is a “fundamental shift in the concept of money”. “We are in a sense driving a wholly new idea of the cell phone as a repository of transactions of all sorts,” Pitroda told IANS in an interview. The new technology OneWallet is described by the company as “a 21st century electronic metaphor for the leather wallet with not just all of the latter’s easy functionality but with features that offer convenience and security that go far beyond”. The 63-year-old engineer’s latest patent has found wide coverage in the American media, including the well respected Business Week which did a story on the technology in its recent issue under the headline “Will that be cash, credit or cell?” “We have been at it for at least five years. It is only now that people have begun to understand the full impact of our technology,” Pitroda said. “OneWallet is a device-centric software application that resides on three different platforms — mobile phones, PDAs and PCs. The OneWallet stores personal information and a wide range of previously physical cards in electronic format - credit/debit/e-cash cards, bank, brokerage accounts, health/auto/life insurance cards, identity cards (driver’s licence, passport, social security), membership/loyalty cards, etc.,” Pitroda said. In simple terms, cell phones loaded with OneWallet software would allow the user to beam payments to a merchant through a device known as MerchantWallet, an interface that facilitates merchants in the world of ever growing electronic transactions. MerchantWallet accepts infrared/radio frequency (Ir/RF) transmissions from OneWallet-enabled clients, then uses the wireless operator’s network to transmit transaction information to the acquirer host systems though the Wallet Service Centre (WSC). In keeping with his penchant for dreaming big, Pitroda said his technology was not just a simple payment system but had the “potential to revolutionise the way an increasingly mobile world transacts data.” “Mobility is the key word in the way the world will conduct itself in the next decade... People around the world will expect that they are not tied down to a particular destination... to take care of their transactions. While mobility has become a reality because of the cellular technology and so have mobile transactions to some extent, they are no way close to being what they should be,” Pitroda said. Pitroda’s company is in discussions with Citibank and Sprint to deploy the software. “I recognise that this technology may not be for everyone but it has enough applications to eventually become universal,” he
said. — Indo-Asian News Service |
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Chatterati Leaving their husbands and boyfriends behind, women high on vodka and Champaign threw themselves at the topless hunky models gyrating to the tune of addictive Hollywood numbers. From Dev Das and Big B to Duggu and Chotte Nawab, they look like yards of women to the romp during the Hollywood Hero Night recently. The models rocked the essentially female crowds by performing almost 50 acts. Well, when girls have to have fun, it has to have a good version. It was said it would be basically a Shiva dance with model performing Tandav in a scanty lion skin. It is just a fun thing to let women chill out and enjoy for a change. The invitation card was most interesting. “For 364 days men have undressed you mentally. It’s pay-back time now!” And as the 20-something male models took to the ramp and eventually onto the bar counter, there was enough testosterone flying around. So Dilliwalis showed their “Dil” and whistled too.
Family matters
The results of the byelections in Haryana showed a great sympathy wave for the bereaved families. Kiran Chowdhary and Mrs Jindal won with margins that were un-thought of. they showed the respect for their family and their late husbands who died in the tragic helicopter sometime back. The Congress has now decided to field Sunil Dutt’s daughter, Priya Dutt, from his North-West Mumbai. Voters’ sympathy for her can help her win the seat. One party worker was heard saying why should we ever work for the Congress if they are never going to give the ticket to workers. This new concept in political parties that when any member dies the ticket goes to a family member of the deceased. Is it fair for the district and Pradesh level workers of the party? Will they ever represent their areas? It is also true that the tickets, when given to the bereaved family kith and kin, after all ensure they will have the sympathy wave working for them. So keeping in mind that it would be a sure seat if fought by the family member but somehow it is fair to the constituents of that area.
New cricket coach
The latest topic of discussion in party circles is how the BCCI is planning to form another committee to select a translator. The newly imported coach from Australia had an accent which some of our cricketers would find difficult to understand. It is amazing that we really cannot find a coach who would be more befitting and understanding of the conditions, the mindset of our cricketers, the BCCI and the weather. I think we are still stuck with the “white” syndrome. Mr. Dalmia was swayed by the new coach’s laptop presentation. Never did I think that the game played on the field is now going to be understood by laptop presentations. What happens when legends like Kapil Dev, who are not fluent in English or laptop
savvy try to make a presentation. Our Australian coach has also to learn how to deal with our politicians and their hangers on and also these advertising companies that might want him to be their prop-up support. |
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From the pages of
Failure of municipalities
A lengthy review of the Municipal administration of the Punjab during the year 1891-92 appears in the Punjab Government Gazette of the 15th instant. Its most important feature is a negative one, namely, the absence of those significant remarks which appeared in the review of the working of the District Boards during the same year. Whether in the case of the District Boards or the Municipal Committees we deny that Local Self-Government is on its trial. These bodies are not constituted in the manner of self-governing bodies, and their progress has been always backwards. Non-official Presidents have been succeeded by official Presidents, who generally have their own way in everything. The failure or success of District Boards and Municipalities implies the failure or success of the official Presidents and the principle of Local Self-Government will remain unaffected. |
Happiness isn’t about what happens to us; it’s about how we perceive what happens to us. It’s the art of finding something positive even in something negative, and viewing a setback as a challenge. If we can just stop wishing for what we don’t have, and start enjoying what we do have, we will be much happier and contended, can be richer; more fulfilled — and happier. The time to be happy is now. — Book of quotations on Happiness The sky spreads over the whole worth embracing all alike… the high and the low, the rich and the poor, the pious and the sinner. So is God’s heart open to all. — Book of quotations on Hinduism Honour is more important to the proud than life itself. A proud king sees his heroes fall one by one. Yet he does not heed the counsel to cease war and sue for friendship is stained with pity which pride cannot tolerate. — The Mahabharata Faithful believers, spend of what we have provided for you, spend of what We have provided for you, before there comes a day on which there is no barter and no friendship and no mediation. And it is the ungrateful who abuse and oppress. — Book of quotations on Islam Having acquired holiness, leadership and learning, he begins to help the unenlightened to lead a life which will ultimately make them understand the deep meaning of life and death and lead them to find the way to salvation. — Guru Nanak When beseeched through deep prayer and worship, the Supreme Being and His great gods may intercede with our karma, lightening its impact of shifting its location in time to a period when we are better prepared to resolve it. — Book of quotations on Hinduism By listening to the inner voice of the Master and dwelling on His name and by having attained true knowledge and real wisdom, man realises the true significance of the deities and the Eternal Truth about the Supreme Being — the one God. — Guru Nanak  |
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