ISRO sets December target to launch first space docking experiment

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has set December-end as the target for the launch of its first space docking experiment, which, if successful, would pave the way for future inter-planetary missions and propel it into a select global league of three such operators.

A key spin-off of this technology would be extending the operational life of existing satellites. “Space assets like geostationary satellites are very expensive, but have a life of 8-10 years when their propulsion units run out of fuel even as their other onboard systems and sensors are fully functional. Space docking technology would enable replacing propulsion units repeatedly, enabling satellites to remain effective for several more years,” KV Sriram, Director of ISRO’s Laboratory for Electro-Optics Systems (LEOS), told The Tribune during his visit to Chandigarh on Wednesday.

“Two satellites designated as ‘Chaser’ and ‘Target’ have been assembled and integrated by a private firm and would be launched onboard a single PSLV-class vehicle, which would couple at an altitude of about 700 km,” he said. Each satellite weighs about 400 kg.

Besides validating the docking technology, the mission christened Space Docking Experiment (SPADEX) would also carry several payloads for undertaking scientific studies, he said.

Sriram said a single spacecraft could not help out complex missions such as inter-planetary exploration or operating space stations, and required more than one vehicle such as an ascender and descender. For these to operate, docking and berthing technology is crucial.

About space docking

It’s the process of two individual spacecraft, manned or unmanned, locating each other and physically connecting in space and, thereafter, operating as a single unit. The joint purpose could be replenishment, repair and crew exchange. They can be later separated by command. The US, Russia & China have so far developed this technology.