Solar fencing to end human-elephant conflict in Sirmaur district: Forest officer

In response to the growing human-elephant conflict in Sirmaur district, the Paonta Sahib forest division has implemented solar-powered fencing as a pilot project in the Dhaulakuan and Majra ranges.

This initiative, led by Divisional Forest Officer (DFO) Aishwarya Raj, aims to safeguard both wildlife and human communities from the dangers of elephant encroachments.

Sirmaur district, known for its rich biodiversity, has faced increasing instances of wild elephants straying into human settlements. These incursions often result in crop destruction, property damage and even loss of human lives. In response, the Forest Department has introduced this solar-powered fencing system, which is considered a sustainable, eco-friendly and cost-effective solution to prevent elephants from entering agricultural and residential zones.

The solar-powered fences work by delivering a mild electric shock to elephants, causing enough discomfort to deter them without causing harm.

This method ensures that the elephants avoid human-dominated areas, preventing conflicts and ensuring the safety of both animals and people. Unlike traditional fencing, the solar-powered option leverages renewable energy to provide round-the-clock protection with minimal environmental impact. Before the introduction of solar-powered fencing, the Paonta Sahib forest division had installed Animal Intrusion Detection and Repulsion (ANIDER) systems in several locations.

These systems use sound and light alarms to alert both humans and animals, helping prevent direct encounters. However, in some other areas, these systems were reportedly less effective as elephants became accustomed to human activity and were not deterred by the alarms. The solar-powered fencing complements ANIDER by offering a physical barrier, especially in high-conflict zones, while the alarm systems serve as early warnings.

Community involvement has been critical to the success of this initiative. Under the DFO’s leadership, the department has engaged with local residents to raise awareness about safely handling elephant encounters.

Educational workshops and community meetings have focused on elephant behaviour, waste disposal practices that minimise attraction to wildlife, and guidelines on avoiding provocation. Residents have also been trained to quickly alert department authorities when elephants are spotted near human settlements.

“We are committed to long-term, sustainable solutions to the human-wildlife conflict,” said DFO Aishwarya Raj. “The solar-powered fencing is a key step. However, it needs to be supported by education and community participation. Together, we can create a safer environment for both humans and wildlife.” Though solar-powered fencing is still in its pilot phase, early feedback from department officials indicates a significant reduction in elephant intrusions in the areas where it has been installed.

If successful, this initiative could be expanded to other regions in Sirmaur and beyond, helping mitigate conflicts in other high-risk zones.In addition to fencing, the department is also exploring other long-term strategies, including habitat restoration and the creation of dedicated wildlife corridors, which will allow elephants to migrate between forested areas without crossing into human settlements.

This project reflects a growing emphasis on coexistence in wildlife conservation, using a combination of modern technology, community engagement and traditional knowledge to manage human-wildlife conflicts. As the initiative progresses, it may serve as a model for other regions facing similar challenges, fostering harmony between humans and wildlife in shared environments.