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| Wednesday,
April 9, 2003, Chandigarh, India
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Assistance funds for PU depts Chandigarh, April 8 The Department of Physics has been given a grant of Rs 96 lakh by the University Grants Commission for Centre of Advanced Study. The grant has been given for utilisation in development of infrastructure in research and postgraduate teaching. Prof I.M.Govil, Chairman of the department, is expected to ‘introduce examination reforms measures’. The grant has been sanctioned as a part of an ongoing programme for a period of another five years. The Department of Science and Technology has accorded extension on a project entitled “ Search for new particles in Large Hadron Collider at CERN, Geneva” and increased the grant to Rs 2,72,00,000. It is worthwhile to mention that the financial support from the outside agencies can be better comprehended in the context that about 85 percent of the normal university budget is spent merely on salaries and other perks of the staff. Add to the work expenditure concerning admissions, examinations and results, the university would naturally be left with hardly any finances for research. The All India Council for Technical Education sanctioned an amount of Rs 1.5 lakh for modernisation of University Centre of Instrumentation. The council also sanctioned Rs 35.40 lakh for the University Institute of Pharmaceutical Science. “There is nothing new in university departments being given grants by the funding agencies. The grant is important in a state of shrinking government share in routine financing. This affected the research work to a great extent. Now the university should make an effort to compile a list of all such projects and their results for general information to students as well as the public”, a research scholar said. The Department of Geology has received a grant of Rs 90 lakh for a five-year-period to strengthen research facilities in the department. The Department of Biochemistry has been given Rs 25 lakh; Department of Biotechnology has been given Rs 20 lakh; and Department of Biophysics has been given Rs 16 lakh. |
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Fun-filled Jungle Jamboorie concludes Chandigarh, April 8 A large number of students from the city, as well as places like Ambala, Ropar, Rajpura and Tohana, took part in the contest. The contest was open for students who had secured 85 per cent and above marks in their annual examinations. The contest was conducted in three categories ‘Always No. 1’, open for children who had secured 95 per cent and above, ‘Superstar’ for children who had secured between 90 and 94 per cent and ‘Bright Kid’ for children in the 85 to 89 per cent bracket. The winners of contests like mask painting, best out of waste, drawing, painting and creative writing were also honoured in the today’s function. Following are the winners: Mask painting — Group A (Class 1-4) — Richa Panesar (I), Shayne Sharpe (II); group B (Class 5-8) — Smriti Mahajan (I), Manju Negi (II) Best out of waste — Group A (Class 1-4) — Smriti Mahajan (I), Mishu Goyal (II); group B (Class 5-8) — Gauri Handa (I), Tanya (II). Drawing and painting — Group A — Ankita Khanna (I), Akanksha Sharma (II); Group B — Manju Negi (I), Mainak Pal (II). Creative writing — Group A — Rhea Sharma (I), Surbhi Sehgal (II); Group B — Chnkrit Sethi (I), Aruj Garg (II). Kaps kid genius award — Always no 1 Group A — Udhav, Geetanjali and Nimish Mehra; group B — Maitri Gupta, Kunal Deepsingh and Bhanu. Superstar — Group A — Chirag Jain, Sambudha Sarkar and Harmesh Shergil; Group B — Sahil Midha, Surbhi Pawa and Anuj Garg. Bright Kid — Group A — Samay Bhatnagar, Tejwans Kaur and Sukhmani Gill; Group B — Mansimran Kaur Bedi, Yuvraj Aneja and Shreya Malik. |
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SCHOOL
WORLD GEARS are simple machines used in thousands of types of mechanical devices. They transmit force and motion, and like other machines, gears make work easier by increasing the effort of the force applied. Gears have toothed wheels called cogs, that interlock so that one cog turns another. Cogs are usually
of different sizes and are sometimes linked together by a chain, for example, as in the case of a bicycle (see picture on the right). Gear Ratio On any gear, the ratio is determined by the distances from the center of the gear to the point of contact. For instance, in a device with two gears, if one gear is twice the size of the other, the ratio would be 2:1. The effect of the gear depends on the size of the cog and the number of teeth they have. One of the most important functions of the gear is to provide a gear reduction in motorised equipment. This is important because a small motor spinning very fast can provide enough power for a device, but not enough torque. For instance, an electric screwdriver has a very large gear reduction because it needs lots of torque to turn screws, but the motor only produces a small amount of torque at a high speed. With a gear reduction, the output speed can be reduced while the torque is increased. Another thing gears do is adjust the direction of rotation. For instance, in the differential between the rear wheels of a car, the power is transmitted by a shaft that runs down the center of the vehicle, and the differential has to turn that power 90 degrees to apply it to the wheels. Types of gears Spur Gears Spur gears are the most common type of gears. They have straight teeth, and are mounted on parallel shafts. Sometimes, several spur gears are used in combination to create very large gear reductions. They are used in devices like electric screwdriver, oscillating sprinkler, windup alarm clock, washing machine and clothes dryer.
Bevel Gears Bevel gears are useful when the direction of a shaft's rotation needs to be changed. They are usually mounted on shafts that are 90 degrees apart, but can be designed to work at other angles as well. The teeth on bevel gears can be straight, spiral or hypoid. On straight and spiral bevel gears, the shafts must be perpendicular to each other, but they must also be in the same plane. The hypoid gear can engage with the axes in different planes.
Helical Gears The teeth on helical gears are cut at an angle to the face of the gear. When two teeth on a helical gear system engage, the contact starts at one end of the tooth and gradually spreads as the gears rotate, until the two teeth are in full engagement. This gradual engagement makes helical gears operate much more smoothly and quietly than spur gears. For this reason, helical gears are used in almost all car transmissions.
Worm Gears Worm gears are used when large gear reductions are needed. It is common for worm gears to have reductions of 20:1, and even up to 300:1 or greater. Many worm gears have an interesting property that no other gear set has -- the worm can easily turn the gear, but the gear cannot turn the worm. This feature is useful for machines such as conveyor systems. One other very interesting usage of worm gears is in the Torsen differential, which is used on some high-performance cars and trucks.
Rack and Pinion Gears Rack and pinion gears are used to convert rotation into linear motion. A perfect example of this is the steering system on many cars. The steering wheel rotates a gear which engages the rack. As the gear turns, it slides the rack either to the right or left, depending on which way you turn the wheel. Rack and pinion gears are also used in some scales to turn the dial that displays your weight. |
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Judicial Magistrate acquitted Chandigarh, April 8 While deposing before UT Judicial Magistrate (First Class), K.K. Goel, eyewitness and complainant Ravi Parkash did not recognise Mr Jaswinder Singh in the court yesterday. He said that Mr Jaswinder Singh was not the same person who had killed his father in the accident. As per the prosecution, the victim, Surinder Lal, a resident of Burail village, was killed after his cycle was hit by a car, allegedly being driven by Mr Jaswinder Singh on the road dividing Sectors 45 and 46 on October 12. The victim was returning home from a ‘Jagran’ in Panchkula. The deceased is survived by his wife and three children. Mr Jaswinder Singh had also received injuries in the accident and was later admitted to GMCH. He was booked by the UT police under Sections 279 and 304A of the IPC, acting on the complaint lodged against him by Mr Ravi Parkash. |
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Hearing in monkey
menace case fixed Chandigarh, April 8 Appearing before the Bench, the counsel for Chandigarh Administration sought time for filing a reply. The court had earlier issued notice of motion to the Chandigarh Administration, the Municipal Corporation of Chandigarh and other respondents asking them to give details of the steps taken to tackle the problem. The development is significant as, according to sources in the PGI, the monkeys were creating problems not only for the doctors, but the patients also. Besides picking up the articles and destroying the equipment, they were also disturbing the peace and scaring away the visitors. |
From France with music and love Chandigarh, April 8 “It's all about music in its best and purest form. By pure we do not meant specific to our land. We mean the kind of music that enters every heart. We are here to win hearts through our music which took birth in the tales and melodies of Morvan in central France but enriched itself with rhythms existing globally,” explained Christophe Raillard, composer and accordion player for the troupe, which has toured six Indian cities before landing in Chandigarh for a performance at Leisure Valley tomorrow. The show is being arranged by Alliance Francaise in collaboration with UT Administration. Peace is at the heart of their compositions which span the past and the present. Christophe said the troupe had been perturbed by the turn of events in Iraq. No wonder the musicians have prepared a text on the issue of war. They will narrate the same at tomorrow's rock performance which will be supported by Triangle, a local musical group comprising Lalit, Chandi, Gagan and Rahul. All members of the ethno-rock troupe have something passionate to say about the music that has brought them together and helped them think with a common motive. Peace lies at the heart of their music, which began the day their leader Raphael Thierry met Christophe Raillard. Raphael with his magical handling of bagpipes and his absorbing exposition of folk tales joined Christophe who had a lot to offer through his vibrant rhythms at the diatonic accordion and keyboard. The synergy proved divine and ever since the twosome have been inseparable. As the musical journey matured from one stage of creation to another, other musicians — Julien on violin, Frank and Bernard on guitar, Theirry Clement on drums and Christophe Gaiffe on keyboard — joined in, enriching the group with forms, rare in appeal. From the traditional music of Morvan to ethno rock — the experiments have been many. But as the musicians said today, “We enjoy creating our music and assimilating the music of other regions.” In India they have been impressed with the vivacity of Pt Ravi Shankar's sitar and Pt Zakir Hussain's vigour. Tabla and sitar might then just be next in line of instruments which the musicians have dwelt upon to keep their creative verve going. |
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Jacob gifts 34 art works to museum Chandigarh, April 8 The works of art being gifted include 20th century Vaishnavite Brahmanical manuscripts and 18th century Kashmiri paintings showing the 18-armed and four-armed Durga. Seen in the backdrop of the ongoing Navratras, these two offerings made by General Jacob assume special significance. The Director of the museum, Mr V.N, Singh, said “We are elated to have the gifts, which have been displayed prominently in the museum.” The 34 art works gifted to the museum by General Jacob over a period of time include two rare Vaishnavite Brahmanical manuscripts, which reflect the divine missions of Lord Krishna. While one manuscript has 12 folios with 20 illustrations, the other has 20 folios with 40 illustrations. Together, the manuscripts mirror the life of Lord Krishna. One manuscript deals with the celebrations at Mathura, the abode of Lord Krishna. There are two paintings of Ma Durga, created by artists belonging to the genre of Kashmiri painting. Copper coins belonging to the Mughal and the Sikh period have been displayed in the main section of the Government Museum. An Engraved copper seal of the 19th century has been placed along with the coins. Medallions gifted by General Jacob reflect beauty of the art form, as perfected in the 19th century Chamba. Equally enchanting is the 16th century Kushi presented by him. The four fossil specimens, also donated by General Jacob, complete the collection that is further supported by five lithoprints on the history of Punjab. |
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LIFE & STYLE BORED of sleeveless spaghetti tops over floral shirts? Tired of walking down the college campus in halter neck top, even beaded shirt teamed with boot-cut trousers? Take a break, now.
Yes, you have guessed it right. Alphabet-print shirts are the latest scream among pretty little damsels of the world. If you do not believe it, just drive down to any of the fast food joints spread throughout the length and breadth of the city. Everywhere you look, you will see colourful messages printed across in bold letters. So girls, what are you waiting for. Say good-bye forever to the "plain stuff". Leave everything behind. Drive down to the arcade, immediately. Buy yourself a nice graffiti shirt. Believe us. The shirts are not even expensive. In fact, you can pick up one by pulling just 100 bucks out of the leather handbag slinging down your fragile shoulders. "But before you take home the shirt, just pay a little more attention to the messages," warns fashion designer Rahul Chopra. "Just make sure they are not cheap or vulgar, lest you find yourself in trouble with the guys around, even your parents". Also pay heed to the colour you choose. Do not buy shirts in black hue if you wish to wear it during the day. Go in for stuff in alluring red, crazy pink, oceanic blue or jazzy orange. All the best kids. |
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Tip Top LAST week, we told you to reach the examination hall well in time with identity card and spare pen. Now, we will give you some hot tips for staying cool while scribbling answers. Make yourself comfortable on those hard wooden benches and do not write for first 10 minutes. Yes, you have read it right. Instead of rushing through the paper, just relax. Read each query carefully. Go through all the options before taking your decision. Be sure of your choice. Another thing. Jot down the points. Invigilatrors sometimes object to your writing on the question paper. Avoid annoying them. Instead, write on the last page of the answer sheet. Don't consume too much of space on the back page. If you have access to limited number of pages, there is no fun in wasting precious space. Earmark a small portion for scrawling rough notes. Cross it before you hand over the paper. Remember not to waste too much of time on one question at the cost of other queries. Rather than answering two questions at length and forgetting everything about the other, attempt all. It's easy. Divide your time equally. Conserve precious minutes by first attempting questions with short answers, or the ones you so well know. Remember to save the worst for the last so that you can spend all your time and energy on them without scratching your head worrying about the other questions. |
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Glitz & glamour IMPATIENT minutes roll by as Zoya shifts weight from one leg to another, waiting for her chum Dharkan to arrive in a jaunty jalopy at their favourite coffee bar for savoring café mocha and ice-cream nicely buried under layers, and layers, of thick chocolate sauce. Cursing Dharkan under her breath, Zoya makes herself comfortable in a plastic chair. Gulps water. Pulls out a sleek mobile from a leather handbag. Presses the back-lit keys for dialing Dharkan's number with her fair fingers and waits for a pick-up. As the constant resonance of the ringing bell fills her ears, she wonder where Dharkan is and why isn't she answering the phone. This is, perhaps, the first time Dharkan has failed to keep an appointment. No wonder, Zoya is getting irritated, and worried. Zoya doesn't know. Dharkan, oblivious of her pal's plight, is sitting behind an impressive study table in her house trying to comprehend the reasons behind calling Tess a "pure woman" even though, left by her husband, she had been exploited by her benefactor and involved in his murder. Engrossed with Thomas Hardy's novel, Dharkan has forgotten all about her proposed tryst with "friend she adores more than anyone else in her life". You cannot exactly blame her. The strain of examination has simply pushed the rendezvous out of her mind. Dharkan may not be at fault. "But not keeping an appointment is a sheer act of dishonesty," says sociologist Neerja Sharma. "She could have very well borrowed Zoya money, than her time, before conveniently forgetting all about it". If you too are in a habit of not keeping appointments, especially during the examination days, here is a bit of advise from our experts. First of all, do not fix an appointment if you cannot keep it. "Keep the date sheet in front of you before agreeing to go out for that steaming hot action thriller," Neerja suggests. "In case of apprehension regarding your presence just say no". Before that, learn the art of uttering "no". "Sometimes it becomes very difficult for us to refuse," says psychologist Sanjay Sharma. "We agree knowing very well we will not be able to make it. Yet, instead of saying no right there and then, we simply postpone the decision. Something that should never to be done". Another thing. Find time to fulfill the commitments. "It is nothing but a matter of adjustment," Sharma asserts. "If you waste three hours chatting and sipping coffee under rejuvenating shade of a dense tree at Punjab University's student center, do not blame yourself for it. Instead, compensate by waking up till late". So kids, have a nice time and happy promise keeping. |
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Mars Speaks If you do not believe it, just ask Ashish Kansal. He will tell you all about it, in details. “First of all, I do not make promises if I cannot fulfill them,” he asserts. “And once I make a commitment, I never back out of it”. For him, it is easy. “I plan well in advance,” he says. “Before promising, I make it a point to consult my appointment diary”. This is not all. Sector 19 resident Ashish makes up for the time lost. “In case, I spend more time than I had initially planned, I compensate for it by cutting short the next appointment, or keeping awake till late”. Kids, do exactly what Ashish does. Try it out. You will not regret. |
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Bright advice for summers HEY girls, summer's here with promise of a dark future. So pamper yourself before leaving the cool comfort of your house. Last week, we told you everything you wanted to know about getting rid of the loathsome tan. Now, we have some "beautiful" advice for you. Every now and then, try face packs prepared from stuff pulled out the kitchen. Or go to a beauty saloon, if you still have time. Just ensure you spend some time with yourself. For a flawless complexion, you need an extremely long lasting foundation. Keep the effect dewy by applying a moisturiser first. Slap on the moisturising cream when your skin is still damp from shower. You can also moisturise the visage with rose water. Get that clear matte look oh-so-hot these days. Choose a shade of oil-control makeup that is shine free. Make sure it matches with your skin tone. Dark for dark, light for light. |
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THERE are songs that have been named after different things, including fruits, flowers and even vegetables. This week Radio Buzz has come out with a list of seven songs, just for you, that have been named after each day of the week. Go ahead folks, Happy listening.
Hey, want to figure in Youth Life & Style, send in your snap and details to Chandigarh Tribune, Sector 29, Chandigarh, now. |
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Go ahead. Forget all about the "usual bright and cheerful stuff" hanging under synthetic day-light in garment houses. It's time for you to read the fine print. Nay, not in the news columns, but on the t-shirts.
Her anxious eyes turn away from the wall clock to the decked-up entrance as she wipes beads of perspiration dotting her brow with a crumpled tissue paper. Air conditioner, somehow, is ineffective when you are waiting for friends to get there, she is aware of the hard reality.
HE believes in keeping promises and appointments, even in the days of examinations.