Saturday, September 2, 2000
S L I C E  O F  H I S T O R Y


A tribute to Bhai Jaita
By Swaran Singh

BABA JIWAN SINGH (Bhai Jaita) and his family members have numerous sacrifices to their credit. Bhai Jaita was one of the Panj Piaras of Guru Tegh Bahadur and a gallant general of Guru Gobind Singh. His father, Bhai Sada Nand, was also a devoted sewadar of Gurughar and a great musician. Guru Tegh Bahadur had made the arrangements for the marriage of Bhai Sada Nand with Bibi Lajwanti (Mata Premo), daughter of Pandit Shiv Narain of Koildesh (now Aligarh). The ceremonies that involved parents, including milni, were performed by Guru Tegh Bahadur. kavi kankan writes in dus gurkatha:

A painting depicting Guru Gobind Rai embracing Bhai JaitaKhoha khohi desh mein machia khoob nishang,
Kankan khoon kutumb da
doli jaye aurang
Wapis nagar koil ton aye
nowen avtar
Hoyee shadi Sada Nand
kirpa kari apar.
The poet further says:
Patne Gobind khel rachai,
Sang lio sangta Jaite ko bhai,
Uch neech ka bhaid na jana,
Guru Nanak sang jion Mardana.

Bhai Jaita was also a great poet and he wrote this in Gurk atha:
Sangta Gobind meet Patna shaiher mein
Jal Bal Krishan Preet Bindra
Ban vikhe
Ganga ko jal seet sakha nahawte
Sang bada nis neet gur sangte
Bhaio.

 


Guru Tegh Bahadur was executed on November 11, 1675. Nobody dared to lift the body of the Guru. Bhai Jaita exchanged the body of Guru Tegh Bahadur with the body of his father, Bhai Sada Nand. Poet Kankan writes.

Sis guru ki sewa lage hum se kaun howe wadbhage,
Tahe sis dio jhukai Bhai Jaita
hukam bajai
Le kar gaio te thai jeh sat gur ki de rahai

Bhai Jaita writes:

Jey ko preet ki baat kare hey mur pit sum preet nibhe
Kat dhara sir prabh charnan meh.
Preet tabhi aaye barman meh.

Zebonisa, daughter of Aurangzeb, Khawaja Abdullah, Kotwal of Chandni Chowk, Dewan Shiv Narain and Bhai Aagya Ram were devotees of Gurughar. In a planned way they extended their cooperation to Bhai Jaita in exchanging the body of his father with the body of Guru Tegh Bahadur. He lifted the body from the Katalgah. Bhai Jaita took the body of the Guru to his ancestral house at Raisina village in Delhi where his granduncle Bhai Aagya Ram was residing and cremated the body (minus the head) there by setting his house afire. Later, Bhai Jaita took the sis to Anandpur Sahib after making halts at Trawri, Ambala and Nabha Sahib (near Zirakpur). At Nabha Sahib, Peer Dargahi Shah guarded the sis at night.

Upon arriving at Kiratpur Sahib, Bhai Jaita sent the message to Guru Gobind Rai. Guru Mata Nanaki and Mata Gujri arrived with the Sangat. Here, Guru Gobind Rai embracing Bhai Jaita, declared: "Ranghrete Guru ke bete".

After the battle of Bhangani, Guru Gobind Singh and Bhai Jaita came to Nabha Sahib to pay homage to Guru Tegh Bahadur and meet Peer Dargahi Shah who left this world for his heavenly abode after a gap of 40 days.

Guru Gobind Singh fought his first battle at Bhangani near Ponta Sahib and won the same. During the celebrations, Guru Gobind Singh announced the marriage of Bhai Jaita which was solemnised with Bibi Raj Kumari, daughter of Bhai Khajan Singh Riar, a Jat Sikh.

Bhai Jaita took active part in all the battles fought by Guru Gobind Singh. In the battle fought at Sirsa Nadi, Baba Ajit Singh was surrounded by the enemy. Bhai Jaita held the reins of the horse in his mouth and fought with a sword in each hand. Here, Mata Premo, mother of Bhai Jaita, was washed away by swollen currents of the Sirsa.

Guru Gobind Singh fought the battle at Chamkaur Sahib with 40 soldiers only. While leaving Garhi Chamkaur, he gave his kalgi and pushak to Baba Jiwan Singh. Father-in-law of Bhai Jaita, Bhai Sujan Singh Riar, brother Bhai Sangat Singh, sons Bhai Sewa Singh and Bhai Sukha Singh laid down their lives for the Gurughar and the country. Baba Jiwan Singh also laid down his life for the Panth. Kavi Kankan testifies thus:

Nij kalgi sir dai sajae
Dal pushak apni pehraye,
Jiwan Singh ko burj bathaye,
Taj garhi Guru Gobind Singh jaye,
Ant aakela garhi mein bandooki parbeen
Jiwan Singh Ranghretro juojh gaio sang deen
Wazira att parsan bhaio lio mar Gobind
Delhi dhaio sis lai khushi karan narind.