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Revitalise your career!
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Personality affects job choices
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IT happens every year. Lakhs of students sit for numerous engineering entrance tests. Thousands do not make the grade or have to choose from institutes they would prefer not to join. They then transfer their energies into getting admission to commerce and business courses rather than looking at the many alternatives to an engineering degree. There are 36 universities and 1,195 colleges offering undergraduate engineering degree courses around the country of varying levels of quality. Some are among the best in the world, yet there are many that are also poor in quality and infrastructure. It is for this reason that students unable to get into the limited number of quality institutes drop their career interest in engineering and opt for a range of other courses of study, shifting focus completely. If you have a technical bent of mind and would like to become an engineer, or work in related areas, you don’t need to switch to commerce or business. Engineering is not so much one career, but more an expertise, which opens doors into a vast range of jobs. Today, engineering is not confined to the obvious spheres of mechanical, chemical and electrical but has vast scope in advanced areas such as electronics, nanotechnology, thermal engineering, ultrasonics, robotics, polymer technology, and many more areas. With the current economic growth, there is a huge upsurge in the requirements for engineers and scientific thinking professionals, particularly with the growth in the manufacturing and infrastructure sectors and also in the numerous other core sectors of the economy with which engineering is so intricately intertwined. This is also because industry has come out of the realms of the traditional shop floor and now encompasses design, product development, process design, CAD, CAM, tool design, value engineering, instrumentation, information technology, as well as the physical and chemical sciences, attracting among the best professionals. It is also this growth along with the entry of many multi-nationals that has experts estimate that by 2012 India will emerge as a specialised engineering and R&D hub, requiring 970 lakh man years in a number of specialised technical and scientific areas of work. So what are the alternatives to an engineering degree?
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BSc in physics, electronics or instrumentation:
Follow this up with an MSc, which makes it equivalent to the BTech or BE in the job market (five years of study as against four years of engineering). You can also sit for the GATE exam to pursue an MTech after
MSc.
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BSc math, chemistry or computer science: These open up possibilities in fields such as computer applications, systems analysis, systems programming operations research, statistics, surveying, project management, as well as biotechnology, food technology, genetics, environment science, petrochemicals, polymer sciences and so on. You can also pursue MCA for excellent opportunities in the IT field.
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Printing, plastics and packaging technology: Any degree in science can enable you to get into these technical fields. There are postgraduate courses in these fields for graduates of engineering and science. The Indian Institute of Packaging (IIP) established by the Ministry of Commerce in Mumbai and with branches in Calcutta, New Delhi, and Chennai, offers a two-year postgraduate course in packaging technology for graduates of engineering or science. Postgraduate diploma courses are offered by the Central Institute of Plastic Engineering and Technology (CIPET) at Chennai and at extension centres at Ahmedabad, Amritsar, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Hyderabad, Lucknow and other cities in various disciplines of plastics engineering and technology.
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Footwear, food technology and sound technology: Choose from degree and diploma courses at graduate and postgraduate levels. Also BE/BTech courses in specialised disciplines such as textile technology, paper technology, printing technology, petroleum engineering, and packaging technology, and so on are engineering programmes with good career prospects, and possibly less competitive for admission too.
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BSc in geology: This opens up careers in the petroleum, mineral, hydrology and energy sectors. The University of Petroleum Studies, Dehra Dun, provides a range of graduate and postgraduate courses geared towards providing training in all the technical and managerial aspects of the energy industry.
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Diploma in engineering: This three-year course taken up after Class X or XII makes you eligible to take admission in the second year of BE/BTech in many universities. Through the lateral entry scheme offered by many colleges, diploma holders from any branch of engineering or technology with a minimum of 60 per cent are eligible for entry into any of the BTech programmes. Some Institutes offering the lateral entry facility into the second year BTech are: – Guru Govind Singh Indraprastha University (GGIU), Kashmiri Gate, Delhi-110006 (website: www.ipu.ac.in) Course: Mechanical engineering and automation engineering – Punjab Technical University and Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Punjab.
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Associate Membership Examination of the Institute of Engineers (AMIE): With a diploma in engineering and some work experience you can also apply for this exam, which enables working people or diploma holders to acquire a bachelor’s engineering degree through distance education. Some of the specialisations you can qualify in include electronics and telecommunications, civil, chemical, mechanical, electrical engineering, architecture, aeronautics computers, environmental engineering and several others. And finally, it is useful to keep in mind that a study of engineering, or the sciences, will help develop your skills in problem solving, numeracy and IT, your ability to handle diverse data and drawing conclusions, and in the evaluation and interpretation of scientific information. If you have had any relevant work internship during your years in college, you may also have developed practical skills and knowledge of working with relevant equipment through your experience, and been able to develop sound judgment and strategy planning skills. This will enable you to work in a range of careers from the technical to the non-technical and managerial. So before you throw away these options and plunge into BCom and BBA courses, think about your career goals, and the study route best suited to take you there. (The writer is a career expert)
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Career Hotline Core engineering vs IT Where do you want to end up? Q. Our daughter is doing BE in chemical engineering. In her fourth year she has been selected in campus placement in an IT company, but I think she should opt for core engineering. What do you think? Beside this, she is also eligible for pharmaceutical management or chemical engineering in NIPER. What should she do? — Vineeta Dogra A. The decision whether to go for core engineering or opt for a well-paying IT job, will essentially rest on what your daughter sees herself doing by way of her career. Students often plumb for whatever branch of engineering is available to them, regardless of their interest or aptitude. They just go along with the default option to get an engineering degree. If that’s the case with your daughter, then the IT option is fine. On the other hand, if she has developed a genuine interest in the subject, it is wonderful. And if that’s the case, with your daughter, or if she chose chemical engineering of her own volition, sure she should give core engineering a shot or pursue a course at NIPER. Of course, she also has the option of doing an MBA a year or two down the line – after pursuing either option. Agreed, it’s a tough decision and one that should be made after giving it some serious thought. |
Revitalise your career!
Q. I have just completed my 10+2 from the arts stream. I don’t want to do full-time graduation for three years. Instead, I want to start earning as early as possible while pursuing my graduation through correspondence. I am looking for an offbeat career, which offers good money. I am a keen yoga buff and have an inclination towards alternative healing. Are there any options you can suggest? — Sachin Kharbanda A. You are just the right material for the spa and the wellness industry. A career in this emerging industry has many advantages to offer: - Good pay packages - Quick career growth - Opportunities for working abroad - Pleasant, stress free work environment A career in spa therapy offers tremendous potential for further growth in future along with financial security. The spa industry is experiencing rapid growth, which in turn is driving the requirement for professionally, qualified practitioners. With strong growth in the industry and the number of new spas doubling every year, this young industry is pushing itself in many directions to accommodate industry demand. Apart from India, there are a number of other countries in Asia whose spa industry is still developing and these include China, Cambodia, Vietnam, Philippines, Malaysia, South Korea and Myanmar. The value of the global spa and wellness industry has touched USD 255 billion, making it one of the fastest growing industries in the world. Salaries for spa professionals vary widely ranging from Rs 8,000 to over a lakh per month depending on the knowledge and experience of the candidate. A good course in spa therapy will start out with familiarising you with the basic physiology and anatomy of the human body. It will help you understand different body forms and identify imperfections. Moreover, you will learn about the various types of massage and spa therapies as well as about the specific health conditions that can be rectified or healed through massage etc. Besides learning how to treat cellulite you will learn how to administer heat therapy, body wraps, mud wraps, body polishes and salt exfoliations. You’ll gain expertise in trigger movements, pettissage, effleurage, tapping and sensory massage hydro and stone therapy, Swedish massage techniques, reflexology, muscle stimulation, remedial exercises and different techniques of massage, aromatherapy. The basics of sanitation and sterilisation are also covered in these programmes. It makes sense to do a professional course in spa therapies and acquire an international certification from CIBTAC or ITEC. One such institute in India that offers courses in this field and helps students start a career in the spa and wellness sector is the internationally accredited Ananda Spa Institute, Hyderabad, which has been set up by the renowned spa Ananda in the Himalayas. You can check out their various course offerings onwww.anandaspainstitute.com (e-mail: ajaym@anandaspainstitute.com) From the long list of offerings, I think you could either opt for the ASI Spa Diploma (eight month) or the ASI Holistic Diploma (five months). Fresh batches start end-August.
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NIFT offers subsidy for good students!
Q. I have got admission to NIFT this year (it was my childhood dream). My father lost his job due to the current slowdown and our financial condition is very bad, as my parents have to finance my brother’s education as well. I don’t know how I will pay the heavy fees. I am very dejected. — Anupa Mathur A. Cheer up, here’s some great news for you. Students whose parental income (annual) is upto Rs 1 lakh can get a 75 per cent subsidy i.e. they have to pay only Rs 10,000. Those whose parental income is between Rs 1 and 2 lakh get a 50 per cent subsidy i.e. they have to pay Rs 20,000. Similarly, those whose parental income is below Rs 3 lakh, receive a 25 per cent subsidy, which means they have to pay Rs 30,000. The subsidy form can be downloaded from the NIFT website (www.nift.ac.in). However, all students have to deposit the full fee by the specified deadline for depositing the fees i.e. August 17, 2009. Deserving students who submit the subsidy form, will be reimbursed the fee equal to the amount of subsidy as soon as their supporting documents are scrutinised and verified. These must include the following: n
The income declaration affidavit on non-judicial stamp paper of Rs 10 and an income certificate from the employer. n
A copy of the receipt of the tuition fee that you have paid (for this semester) along with your application for subsidy. Also, should you wish to avail of a bank loan, you should be able to get one without much difficulty as NIFT is a reputed and recognised institution which has been granted university status.
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Being an engineer in the forces
Q. I want to be an electronics engineer in the Armed Forces. What is the eligibility? Is it the first year of BTech? — Kshitij Gandotra A. The Combined Defence Services Exam is conducted twice a year (February& August) by the Union Public Service to admit cadets for the Indian Army, Navy and Air Force. The eligibility criteria and pattern of the exam are as follows:
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For Air Force Academy: Unmarried males with BE / bachelors degree (physics and maths in 10+2).
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For OTA (SSC course): Married or unmarried males with bachelor’s degree in any discipline.
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For Naval Academy: Unmarried males with BE /BSc (Physics & Maths). Selection is based on an objective type written exam followed by SSB tests and interview for those who qualify the written exam. The intelligence and personality tests essentially cover outdoor, group and psychological activities. There are separate entry routes for engineers in each of the armed forces. For instance, there are two modes of entry into the technical branch of the Indian Air Force: - Qualified / final year male engineering students can apply for the aeronautical engineer courses. - Both men and women can apply for the Short Service Commission. - Pre-Final year male students can apply under the University Entry Scheme (UES). Eligibility for aeronautical engineers (electronics branch): 60 per cent aggregate in: BE / BTech (electronics / telecom / electrical /electrical communication / electronics & communication / instrumentation /computer science and engineering) or a combination of these subjects, or Diploma in electronics of Madras Institute of Technology or BTech in radio physics & electronics / optics & opto electronics or MSc (physics with electronics) / electronics / computer science / computer application / (MCA with maths, physics and electronics at bachelors level) / MSc Tech in electronics and radio engineering or Section A & B of AMIE of the Institute of Engineers in electrical / electronics / telecom engineering or the Graduate Membership Exam of the Institute of Electronic & Telecommunication Engineers (IETE) with subjects of Section A and all subjects of Section B. If selected, you will proceed for intensive training. After you complete your training, you will be granted Permanent/Short Service Commission and inducted into the technical branch of the Indian Air Force. For further information, log on to the respective websites www.careeraiforce. nic.in, www.joinindianarmy.nic.in, www.nausena-bharti.nic.in.
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I want to break free!
RYAN Tracy thought he’d entered the Dark Ages when he graduated college and arrived in the working world. His employer blocked access to Facebook, Gmail and other popular Internet sites. He had no wireless access for his laptop and often ran to a nearby cafe on work time so he could use its Wi-Fi connection to send large files. Sure, the barriers did what his employer intended: They stopped him and his colleagues from using work time to goof around online. But Tracy says the rules also got in the way of legitimate work he needed to do as a scientific analyst for a health care services company. “It was a constant battle between the people that saw technology as an advantage, and those that saw it as a hindrance,” says the 27-year-old Chicagoan, who now works for a different company. He was sure there had to be a better way. It’s a common complaint from young people who join the work force with the expectation that their bosses will embrace technology as much as they do. Then some discover that sites they’re supposed to be researching for work are blocked. Or they can’t take a little down time to read a news story online or check their personal e-mail or social networking accounts. In some cases, they end up using their own Internet-enabled smart phones to get to blocked sites, either for work or fun. So some are wondering: Could companies take a different approach, without compromising security or workplace efficiency, that allows at least some of the online access that younger employees particularly crave? “It’s no different than spending too much time around the water cooler or making too many personal phone calls. Do you take those away? No,” says Gary Rudman, president of GTR Consulting, a market research firm that tracks the habits of young people. “These two worlds will continue to collide until there’s a mutual understanding that performance, not Internet usage, is what really matters.” This is, after all, a generation of young people known for what University of Toronto sociologist Barry Wellman calls “media multiplexity.” College students he has studied tell him how they sleep with their smart phones and, in some cases, consider their gadgets to be like a part of their bodies. They’re also less likely to fit the traditional 9-to-5 work mode and are willing to put in time after hours in exchange for flexibility, including online time. So, Wellman and others argue, why not embrace that working style when possible, rather than fight it? There is, of course, another side of the story, from employers who worry about everything from wasted time on the Internet to confidentiality breaches and liability for what their employees do online. Such concerns have to be taken especially seriously in such highly regulated fields as finance and health care, says Nancy Flynn, a corporate consultant who heads the Ohio-based ePolicy Institute. From a survey Flynn did this year with the American Management Association, she believes nearly half of US employers have a policy banning visits to personal social networking or video sharing sites during work hours. Many also ban personal text messaging during working days. Flynn notes that the rising popularity of BlackBerrys, iPhones and other devices with Web access and messaging have made it much trickier to enforce what’s being done on work time, particularly on an employee’s personal phone. Or often the staff uses unapproved software applications to bypass the blocks. As a result, more employers are experimenting with opening access. That’s what Joe Dwyer decided to do when he started Chicago-based Brill Street & Co, a jobs site for young professionals. He lets his employees use social networking and has found that, while they might spend time chatting up their friends, sometimes they’re asking those same friends for advice for a work problem or looking for useful contacts. “So what seems unproductive can be very productive,” Dwyer says. Kraft Foods Inc recently opened access to everything from YouTube to Facebook and Hotmail, with the caveat that personal use be reasonable and never interfere with job activities. Broadening access does, of course, mean some employees will cross lines they aren’t supposed to. Sapphire Technologies LP, an information-technology staffing firm based in Massachusetts, started allowing employees to use most Internet sites two years ago, because recruiters for the company were going on Facebook to find talent. Martin Perry, the company’s chief information officer, says managers occasionally have to give employees a “slap on the wrist” for watching sports on streaming video or downloading movies on iTunes. And he says older managers sometimes raise eyebrows at their younger counterparts’ online judgment. “If you saw some of the pictures that they’ve uploaded, even to our internal directory, you’d question the maturity,” Perry says. It’s the price a company has to pay, he says, for attracting top young talent that’s willing to work at any hour. “Banning the Internet during work hours would be myopic on our part,” Perry says. But that also means many companies are still figuring out their online policies and how to deal with the blurring lines between work and personal time, including social networking, even with the boss. “I think over time, an open embrace of these tools can become like an awkward hug,” says Mary Madden, a senior research specialist at the Pew Internet & American Life Project. “It can get very messy.” One option is for companies to allow access to certain sites but limit what employees can do there. For instance, Palo Alto Networks, a computer security company, recently helped a pharmaceutical company and a furniture maker open up social networking for some employees, but limited such options as file-sharing, largely so that sensitive information isn’t transferred, even accidentally. “Wide-open Internet access is the risky approach,” says Chris King, Palo Alto Networks’ director of product marketing. However, “fully closed is increasingly untenable for cultural reasons and business reasons.” Flynn, at the ePolicy Institute, says it’s important that employers have a clear online policy and then explain it. She believes not enough employers have conducted formal training on such matters as online liability and confidentiality. Meantime, her advice to any employee is this: “Don’t start blogging. Don’t start tweeting. Don’t even start e-mailing until you read the company policy.”
— Agencies
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MICA to open centres in UAE
ON the lines of the Indian Institute of Management (IIM)-Calcutta, which launched a business programme through video conferencing, the Mudra Institute of Communications (MICA) has announced the setting up of four centres in the UAE and 50 across India to teach research and analytical skills, through the same method. Open to undergraduates, graduates and even professionals, the certificate programme will enable one to be absorbed in all research based, data analysis and marketing research industries like BPO, knowledge process outsourcing (KPO) and so on. Anamika Paul, admission coordinator of the institute, said: “The programme is structured to develop analytical skills and enhance capability of assessing various data and interpret the results which can thus be used to develop strategies and marketing strategy.” Stressing that the approach will be practical based and non-technical, Paul said that classes will be conducted through video conferencing. After completion of the one-year course, MICA will provide placements for the students. “There will be 50 centres for these courses in the country - ranging from the metros like Delhi, Mumbai and Chennai to Patna, Bokaro and Bhubaneshwar. In the UAE, there will be two centres in Sharjah and Dubai each,” she added.
PG in e-governance
BILLED as the first of its kind by any state, Kerala government’s Indian Institute of Information Technology and Management and the Institute of Management in Government have jointly announced the launch of a post-graduate diploma course in e-governance. The information technology department said that the two institutes have developed the course for capacity building at the individual level, and to create a good number of trained professionals to manage e-governance projects of the government. The focus of the course is on e-governance through developing foundations in IT, management, government process, re-engineering and change management and has been designed in line with the recommendations of the Administrative Reforms Commission for promoting e-governance. Eligibility: Bachelor’s degree in any discipline with computer proficiency. Seats: 45
e-learning in Pondy govt schools
ALL government primary and middle schools in the union territory would be equipped with broadband facility under a Central government scheme to promote e-learning and computer-based education. As many as 244 primary schools and 65 middle schools would be provided broadband facility at a cost of Rs 14 lakhs under the Centre’s Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (education for all) scheme with rural schools being the primary target, chief minister V Vaithilingam said. Students would have access through the Internet to latest educational programmes and acquaint themselves with the development in curriculum system by interacting with other institutions. The innovative education system would also help avoid use of paper and the directorate of education would pass on contents of all circulars, orders and other communications to each of the primary and middle schools through Internet. Each of the middle schools would have ten computers, including five already provided, while primary schools would have one computer each. Around 650 computers would be purchased at a cost of Rs 1.76 crore.
Rural population to get
access to IGNOU courses
RURAL population in the country would get courses of IGNOU through Common Service Centres (CSCs) being set up by a private agency. IGNOU has partnered with Srei Sahaj e-Village Limited, a subsidiary of Srei Infrastructure Finance Limited, for providing its courses through the 27,000 CSCs that Sahaj is setting up in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu and Jammu and Kashmir, a release said. This partnership is aimed at making higher education available to villagers at their doorstep. An estimated 10 crore rural people could benefit under this
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Correct grammar way to first job APPLYING for jobs, but don’t seem to hear back from prospective employers? Maybe you’re making a mistake somewhere in your application. Does your application read anything like this? Dear Ma’m/Sir, This is with regard to ur company posting for software engineer. Myself Dhiraj and I’m having a post-graduate in computer science and is very interested in the position. Few years back I joined similar company in Bangalore. I applied to your company last year but I didn’t get the job. Currently, looking for new opportunities becoz I am very interested. I have skill that is suited for your company... Please revert back on the same, Thanking you, Dhiraj This is an email that a human resource manager in Mumbai received from a prospective candidate. The company promptly shot down his candidature because the application was full of errors, recounts Nasha Fitter, a teacher, entrepreneur, communication expert and soft skill trainer, in her new book ‘You’re Hired: How you get that job and keep it too’. Nasha, a graduate in business management from the Harvard Business School, is currently working for Microsoft Corporation in Redmond, Washington, where she focuses on efforts to improve education in emerging markets across India. In her book, she reproduces copies of emails from prospective Indian candidates — mostly first-time job seekers — to suggest ways to “communicate effectively without flaws” and points out the dos and don’ts while applying for jobs either on the Internet or through detailed mobile text messages — two new formats that have captured the imagination of young India. The book is a small-town job-hunter’s primer — the kind that applies for jobs in call centres from the hinterland “hoping to save Rs 10,000 every month from a decent pay cheque, pick up an American or British accent, brush up the English language and advance in life”. The guide — almost schoolbook like in treatment — stands out for its humour. Nasha touches upon almost every “contemporary writing and speech errors” that have crept into the English language, thanks to the ‘GenY SMS tongue’ and the “email lingo’ that hacks the humdrum “you are” to ‘u r’, thank you to ‘tks’ and replaces ‘to’ with ‘2’ - perhaps to scrimp on space, time, hourly Internet cafe fee and SMS charges.
The result is a medley of distortion of the “queen’s tongue”, “poor communication” and an instant “dislike” for the faceless candidate at the other end. Nasha, who is credited with founding Fitter Solutions, an agency that grooms young job-hunters, also recommends remedies for “speech defects”. “To get a good job in today’s competitive work environment, you have to be an effective communicator. Effective communication has many aspects, but the foundation is English grammar. Bad grammar is one of the reasons why HR managers reject candidates looking for jobs,” Nasha says. The book is divided into four sections. The first section “Practical English Grammer” deals with the “grammatical grounds for rejections of candidates” and helps aspirants improve their skill with written exercises on verbs, tense, article, pronouns, uses of comparatives and superlatives and “Indianisms” — common Indian errors born of a long colonial legacy where Indians have been ‘babus’ subservient to the British ‘sirs’ and poor English education in “vernacular” schools. The second section probes pronunciation, speech and accent aberrations like defective “dah, tah and ra sounds”. The third section deals with interpersonal communication and the fourth with “professional etiquettes” like dressing, greetings, telephone conversation and conduct at interviews. An intelligent window into the new India whose language and outlook have been honed by the three letter idiom
— I luv u! — IANS
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Personality affects job choices
BOSS too mean? Staff fond of slacking? It comes with the territory, says a new study that found personality traits have a big influence on your job. The study — by researchers at the University of Western Sydney, Australia — showed that in many cases, personality, rather than education or the occupation of a person’s parents, played a bigger role in determining what job people ended up with. People in managerial roles tended to be more open to experience, more conscientious but less agreeable than others in different job roles. Clerical workers were the most conscientious, but least open to change, while salespeople were the most extroverted and agreeable. Office workers were among the least conscientious, but they had high levels of emotional stability. “Personality traits are a combination of genes and upbringing, and they’re relatively formed by the age of 12,” said Robert Wells, one of the researchers who conducted the study as part of his PhD thesis. “By the age of 30, the broad characteristics are stable. And the study indicates that personality traits generally seem to have some influence on occupational outcomes,” he said. “Also, with regard to occupations, management tends to be more influenced by personality traits.” The study was based on data from a wide ranging national survey, the Household Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia, which involves almost 20,000 individuals. The survey looked at the prevalence of five characteristics — openness to experience, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and emotional stability — in different occupations. “This study can help policymakers, employees and employers alike,” said Wells. “The broad personality traits of the five-factor model have a significant, relatively strong, persistent and expected effect over occupational outcomes.”
— Reuters
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Fortnightly Quiz-340
1. What figure is India’s population expected to touch by the year 2101? 2. Which country has emerged as the world’s largest automobile market by displacing USA? 3. Which company remained the biggest employer in the world with a whopping 2.1 million people working for it last year? 4. Which rail track in Jammu and Kashmir has the highest rail bridge in the region? 5. Who holds the world record in the men’s 100m-butterfly event? 6. Which sport is Lance Armstrong a part of? 7. Who is the only umpire to have stood in 200 one-day international cricket matches? 8. What is Pakistan’s lowest score in a Test innings against Sri Lanka? 9. Who was the first batsman to score 10,000 runs in the history of Test cricket? 10. Name the English tailenders who recently denied Australia victory in the first Ashes Test with a heroic unbeaten last-wicket stand. — Tarun Sharma
Winners of quiz 339: The first prize by draw of lots goes to Viney Mohan, Government Senior Secondary School, Atawa (PO: Bhagumajra), district Yamuna Nagar, Pin Code 135133 Second: Komalpreet Kaur, XI-B, RD Khosla, DAV Model Senior Secondary School, Ram Tirath Road, Batala, Pin Code 143505 Third: Apoorv Kumar Sharma, class VI, Indus Public School, Vijay Nagar, Jind, Pin Code 126102 Answers to quiz 339: Michael Jackson; Nandan Manohar Nilekani; Mahmoud Ahmadinejad; Shimla; Lord Balabhadra, Goddess Subhadra and Lord Jagannath; Ramesh Pokhariyal Nishank; Mumbai (the bridge was inaugurated on June 30); Brazil; Shahid Afridi; Saina Nehwal Cash awards of Rs 400, 300 and 200 are given to the first, second and third prize winners, respectively. These are sent at the school address. Note: Kindly mention the pincode of your place to facilitate the delivery of the prize money. Answers can also be sent
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