SHORT TAKES
Trends in philosophy
Randeep Wadehra

Thinking About The World
by Manidipa Sen. IIAS, Shimla. 
Pages x+108. Rs 290.

ANALYTIC and linguistic philosophy came to the fore as a distinct discipline during the 20th-century. It aims to elucidate language and analyse the concepts expressed in it. This, arguably, helps in settling philosophical disputes and problems, which, it is contended, originate in linguistic confusion.

Some analytic and linguistic philosophers are primarily concerned with clarifying the meaning of specific words or phrases as an essential step in making philosophical assertions clear and unambiguous. Others are more concerned with establishing a criterion that will distinguish between meaningful and nonsensical sentences. Still others are interested in creating formal, symbolic languages that are mathematical in nature. Many philosophers associated with this stream of philosophy also focus on the analysis of ordinary or natural language as the key to resolving philosophical conundrums.

Sen takes a look at the recent trends in analytic philosophy that indicate a shift from questions of language to questions of mind, leading to the argumentation that "a mentalist turn has emanated from what has been called the linguistic turn". This slim volume, comprising three chapters, explores the nature of de re thoughts and its impact on the debates centering on externalist versus internalist accounts of the mind. Taking cognizance of the intrinsic relationship between questions of language and questions of mind, it "tries to develop a notion of de re thoughts from the different accounts of reference".

Sen argues that de re thoughts are constitutively tied with their objects and are essentially individuated in terms of their objects. She attempts to displace the internalist understanding of the mind in favor of an externalist notion of it where the mind can be seen in continuation with the world and as having no context-free essence.

A welcome addition to the analytic philosophy corpus.

Semblances
by Brij Bhalla. Sanjay Prakashan.
Pages 104. Rs 150.

Poetry can be what the late British poet Edith Sitwell had described as a "hymn to the glory of life". But it is much more than that. It can act as a powerful tool to bring dead consciences to life, stir people out of complacencies and reveal truth in all its shades. One glimpses bits of all these in this collection of 48 poems. A Semblance dwells upon the vulnerable beauty of a girl and a tree; She knew contrasts carnal pleasures and spiritual bliss; and An afterthought is a trenchant comment on politics and politicians. Other poems dwell upon different aspects of life.

Divine Painter Sobha Singh
by Dr. Kulwant Singh Khokkar. S. Sobha Singh Art Gallery, Andretta.
Pages 104. Rs 195.

Region’s iconic painter Sobha Singh, was born on November 29, 1901, in Sri Hargobindpur of Punjab’s Gurdaspur district. His father retired as a risaldar from the British Indian Army. He was four years old when his mother died of tuberculosis. He was not allowed to go near her for fear of infection. His elder stepsister brought him up. A sensitive soul, he could not concentrate on studies due to his circumstances. Instead, he took to sketching faces of his classmates. Later on he joined the army as draftsman.

After India’s independence he made Andretta his home. Sobha Singh is known for his paintings of the Sikh Gurus although he has painted various historical, religious and political figures, including Krishna, Sohni-Mahiwal, Noor jehan and Mumtaz Mahal. He also carved and sculpted statues.

This biography is worth a read.





HOME