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Designs on textiles
FROM Benarasi brocades to Kutchi mirror work, Kanjeevaram silks and Rajasthani block prints, Indian textiles have been admired for centuries. Not surprising, therefore, that foreign designers like American Donna Karan, and Japanese Issey Miyake, as well as French Jean Paul Gautier are using Indian fabrics to design some of the choicest garments.
There are many kinds of textiles produced in India, from the homespun khadi to the more elaborate woven textures, printed and knitted fabrics produced by machines. They are made from the wide variety of yarns produced in the country ranging from the traditional khadi and simple cotton, to wool, jute, silk, linens and synthetic fibres, used for making all kinds of garments, furnishings, towels, carpets, lace and embroideries. While large numbers of small and medium-sized textile mills tend to continue with old production techniques, the expanding demand for clothing in the country itself, has spurred domestic manufacturers to modernise, bringing in some of the latest technological developments in spinning, weaving, knitting, dyeing and finishing. This has also opened up the field for creative people in the area of textile technology. This is an enormous field with openings for people from varied disciplines ranging from technologist and stylists to sales and marketing. While the textile designer needs to know about the processes of yarn making, weaving, knitting and dyeing as well as designing and printing methods, it is the textile technologists who ensure the beauty of the final product. Textile technology is primarily concerned with textile fibers and their transformation into yarns and fabrics. The careers in this field include textile technology, textile engineering, and textile chemistry. Textile engineering (TE) or textile technology applies scientific and engineering principles to the design and control of all aspects of fibre, textile, and apparel processes, products, and machinery. They work with natural and man-made materials, machines and designs, and need to have specific knowledge of textile equipment and processes. Textile technology draws from other engineering disciplines including mechanical, electrical, and industrial and chemical engineering. Dyeing, finishing and printing of textiles require specific knowledge in textile chemistry and chemical processes, focusing on the chemistry and physics of fiber-forming polymers, and other yarns.
Getting In
TEXTILE technology is an engineering field and therefore requires a background of science with physics, chemistry and math. Most BE/B.Tech degrees in textile technology require a minimum of 50 per cent marks in each subject, and admission through an entrance test. The Textile engineering curriculum includes other engineering disciplines such as mechanical, chemical, materials and industrial engineering, as well fundamental courses such as thermodynamics, materials science, industrial management, applied mechanics, and engineering drawing and design. Emphasis is also given on textile chemical technology, fiber science technology, technical textile and computer application in textile.
Job prospects
WITH so many big names in the apparel and textile field, job prospects are good for trained professionals. Opportunities exist in textile mills, export houses, in textile dyeing and printing units, knitwear manufacturing units as well as in with government sponsored and private silk, handloom, khadi, jute and craft development organisations, and with hundreds of hosiery and home furnishing export units largely centered around Panipat in the north and Tirupur and Coimbatore in the south. Jobs in this field include working in process engineering, research and development, production control, technical sales, quality control and corporate management. Graduates with textile chemistry find careers in dyeing and finishing, technical services, research and development, quality control, product development, polymer science and environmental control. Those who have done textile management programmes can move into plant or corporate management. Other career options include technical sales, industrial engineering, product development, marketing, customer relations, human resources, and cost and inventory control. The apparel and textile industry has witnessed the fastest growth in the last couple of years, and is predicted take in the second highest number of new recruits in the years ahead. So if you have good creative ability and imagination coupled with a logical and analytical and technical mind, think differently. Think of colour, swathes of fabric, and a bright career in textile engineering.
The writer is a noted career expert
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Sasmira: The Synthetic and Art Silk Mill’s Research Association, Sasmira Marg, Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai-400025
n Technological Institute Of Textiles, Bhiwani-125021 (Haryana) Course Offered: B. Textile Technology & Textile Chemistry and M.Tech Duration: 4 years, 1.5 years Eligibility: 10+2 with 50 % marks in PCM and B.Sc. with 50% marks in B.Tech. Selection criterion: JEE conducted by Maharshi Dayanand University
n Government Central Textile Institute, Kanpur-226020 (UP) Duration:
4 years, 2 years Selection criterion: Admission test
n College Of Textile Technology, Serampore, Distt. Hooghly-712201(WB) Course offered: Textile technology Duration: 4 years Eligibility: Higher secondary Selection criterion: Test
n M.S. University, Department of Technology & Engineering, Baroda-390001 Course offered: B. Textile Engineering, B. Textile Technology, M. Textile Tech. & M. Textile Engineering Duration:
4 years, 1.5 years Selection criterion: Merit and performance in the entrance test for degree courses and merit alone for M.Tech courses
n L.D. College Of Engineering, Navarangpura, Ahmedabad Duration: 4 years Eligibility: 10+2 with 55 % marks in physics, chemistry, math and biology
n Sri Krishnarajendra Silver Jubilee Technology Institute, Bangalore-560001 Course offered: B. Technology, M.Tech Duration:
4 year, 1.5 years Eligibility: Higher secondary or equivalent and B.Tech Selection criterion: Entrance test and merit
n University of Bombay, Department of Chemical Technology, Moling Road, Mumbai-400019 Duration: 1.5 years, 3 years Selection criterion: Basis of merit
n Alagappa College Of Technology, Guindy, Chennai-600025 Course offered: B. Textile Technology, M.Tech. in Textile Duration: 4 years, 1.5 years Selection criterion: Entrance test
n PSG College Of Technology, Coimbatore-641004 Course offered: B. Textile Technology, M.Tech. in Textile Duration:
4 years, 1.5 years Eligibility: 60-70 % marks in physics, chemistry and mathematics or diploma in engineering with 60-70 % marks Selection criterion: Entrance test
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— Rohit Malhan A. There are plenty of options. Fulfilling a long standing industry demand for lowering operating costs and bringing in more people, including women and the physically challenged into the workforce, the government has given a go-ahead to agents working at call centres among other service providers to work from home. This will help fight attrition and traffic blues, lower costs, and allow many more people to join the work force. The kind of processes that companies will permit to be operated from home like tele-marketing, ad-booking etc need to be identified and the security issues and dynamics need to be worked out. Also, a fair amount of content creation and pre-production work for publishing houses is being outsourced to India. Your sister should contact such firms to explore possibilities. Similarly, I know of quite a few people (subject specialists like psychologists, teachers, nutritionists, consultants) doing online counselling from the comfort of their home – either independently or through dedicated voice/web-based service providers. These are just a few examples. With a bit of scouting (and you can help her with it), she can perhaps find a lot of similar options that match her interest and temperament
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Distance no bar
Q. Please tell me if any scholarships are available for pursuing an
MBA or PGDBM through distance learning. I cannot afford to pay a heavy
fee as I am currently unemployed and am looking after my bed-ridden
mother.
— Geeta Manaktala A. What you are doing is
admirable. And as one good deed deserves another, here’s one scholarship
offer you can check out for starters. The All India Management
Association (AIMA) offers 30 scholarships for underprivileged students who
clear the Management Aptitude Test (MAT), and qualify for AIMA’s postgraduate
diploma in management (PGDM) or postgraduate diploma in information technology
and management (PGDITM) through the distance-learning mode. The total cost of both PGDM and PGDITM programmes comprising of four modules is Rs 76,000 and Rs 1.2 lakh, respectively. The cost is divided into equal parts per module. AIMA would initially offer the scholarships to eligible students in the first module and then extend it on the basis of their academic performance. The number of scholarships is likely to increase from the next session in January. These
scholarships would be offered to students whose parents earn less than Rs
2 lakh a year to enable them to obtain a professional postgraduate
qualification.
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Healthy Choice
Q. I know about hospital management courses, but what is the scope of master’s in public health courses?
— Leena Nahta A. MPH courses are designed to equip you with a set of professional skills and principles to manage programmes and monitor outcomes so that health information systems are effectively deployed for health surveillance and health insurance data, develop health information infrastructure and design appropriate public health interventions. The curriculum includes core courses in public health such as health policy and management, bio-statistics, epidemiology, behavioral sciences/health education, environmental health sciences and technology courses such as database technologies, XML technologies and applications and object oriented analysis, design using UML and so on. Public health Informatics is another fast and upcoming multidisciplinary area. On successful completion of the course, students will be equipped to work in the field of public health, government health sectors, WHO / bilateral, national and international non-government agencies, hospitals / medical colleges / pharmaceutical and software companies and other public health related entities.
Q. I am a mechanical engineer with three years of work experience. Does any engineering college in India offer a specialisation in systems engineering? Can you tell me something about this field? — Vinay Jhamb A. Systems engineers are involved in all aspects of the design and technical management of complex engineering systems. They have theoretical and practical capabilities that extend across the whole range of engineering disciplines. In short, they are the key specialists in making complex systems work. Amongst a few others, the Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221005 offers M.Tech in systems engineering management.
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Be the face of India!
— Meghna Sarna A. Reversing the 10-year trend of a shrinking diplomatic community, the government has cleared a plan to induct over 300 diplomats in the next decade. We have only 921 Indian Foreign Service officers as against China’s 4,200 and Brazil’s 1,200. The Indian Foreign Service (IFS) is considered the most elite service in India. Personnel are posted in the ministry of external affairs in New Delhi and in Indian diplomatic missions around the world. The IFS is very different from other civil services. As an IFS officer, you are a key player in building diplomatic relations with a foreign country. You are representing India and as a diplomat you are expected to know any and everything about India. To join the IFS, you have to take the Civil Services Examination and secure a high rank as IFS is ranked topmost in the Group A services and comes only next to the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) in terms of power and status. The civils exam is conducted by the Union Public Service Commission and comprises three stages: preliminary (objective type) exam, main (written) exam and the interview. An IFS aspirant has to clear all these stages and secure a good rank at the same time (although your prelims scores will have no bearing in determining the final merit list). Although the IFS is no longer the number one “hot favourite” it used to be, you’ll still have to work pretty hard to make sure your name figures in the top 50 positions. Eligibility: Bachelor’s degree in any stream with minimum 45%. Age: 21-30 yrs as on August 1 of the year in which you take the exam. Watch out for the advertisement in leading dailies in December. For further details, log onto the UPSC website:www.upsc.gov.in
This column appears weekly. Please send in your queries, preferably on a postcard, along with your full name, complete address and academic qualifications to: Editor, Jobs and Careers, The Tribune, Sector 29, Chandigarh-160030, or at careers @tribunemail.com.
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Merging Western & Islamic finance
THE first-ever masters degree in Islamic commerce to be offered at an Australian university has some overseas Indian students excited about future prospects in this fast-growing segment of global finance. “I am very excited that La Trobe University will be offering a course in Islamic banking and finance (IBF). By learning about Islamic commercial laws, I can help the people of my community in their development,” Mohammed Rizwanuddin, who is originally from Hyderabad. He is nearing completion of a two-year masters in professional accounting at the university. The Islamic commerce course will commence in February 2009 and will cost Australian $17,000 per annum for the one or two years required to complete it, depending on prior study and experience. The eight subjects include legal and Islamic jurisprudence, Islamic commercial law, Islamic banking, Islamic insurance and Islamic financial markets and general areas of finance. “As the concept of interest is considered haram (prohibited) in Islam, there are many Muslims who need financial support for their progress. I feel that Islamic commercial law can overcome this problem,” said Rizwanuddin, who would like to return to India and help the Muslim community despite good job prospects in Australia and the Middle East. According to The Banker global report, in the next five to 10 years, Islamic finance will require an estimated 50,000 employees to run the industry. The Islamic banking and finance market is growing at an annual rate of 15 to 20 percent and there are more than 260 Islamic financial institutions operating worldwide. The industry is likely to capture the savings of 1.6 billion Muslims around the world, a figure that is estimated to grow to 2.5 billion within the next decade. “Such immense growth has brought Islamic finance to the attention of the international banking community, prompting major banks to set up Islamic financial windows to take advantage of the demand for Shariah compliant finance,” Ishaq Bhatti, associate professor in the department of economics and finance and co-founder of the course. The course is aimed at meeting the demand for trained professionals in Islamic banking and finance sectors. “Islamic banking is a community activity based on equity and security between lender and borrower. It seeks to encourage distribution of wealth. Profit and loss is shared by stakeholders on a proportional basis and there is no unnecessary exposure to risk and no ambiguity in the contract,” explains Bhatti, emphasising that “maximising profit is not the major objective of this system.” It is a growing sector in Australia with several local banks — National Australia Bank, Kuwait Finance House, HSBC and Muslim Community Cooperative of Australia (MCCA) — active in the field. Bhatti says the masters programme will appeal to international students from the subcontinent and other countries in Asia wanting Islamic financial training in English. “In Iran and Saudi Arabia, more than 95 per cent of all retail banking transaction is done through Islamic banking institutions. It is expected that Islamic finance will be the mainstream finance in the rest of the Gulf region in a couple of decades,” Bhatti says. “In Pakistan, Islamic finance is booming; in Bangladesh, microfinance is moving on Shariah compliance. According to The Banker’s November 2007 issue, in Malaysia, Islamic institutions are expected to capture 25 per cent of the market share of assets owned by 2010,” adds Bhatti. Agrees Vamsi Parvataneni, the Melbourne-based CEO of Storm Group, one of the leading educational consultants for Australia. “There will be high demand for this course from students coming from Hyderabad, Aligarh, Kashmir, Mumbai and Ahmedabad.” Hayat Khan, a lecturer and co-founder of the course at La Trobe, said: “The new course is designed to meet a very real need. The course merges Western and Islamic finance with modern techniques. Islamic banks will account for 40 to 50 per cent of total savings of Muslim populations worldwide in 8-10 years.” — IANS
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Mouse is mightier?
Computer animation students have designed an online game to help children understand ways they can reduce their impact on climate change.
Programme coordinator of multimedia at Swinburne University of Technology, Peter Ciszewski, said the University’s student designers have incorporated educative elements into animation and game play techniques to produce the game. “The game requests the player to be a hero and save black balloons by performing a number of energy saving actions such as switching off lights and appliances before the snowman melts because of the effects of climate change,” said Ciszewski. “We have designed this game to appeal to late primary school and early secondary school students, but I think lots of adults may also enjoy playing it. “The game really gives kids the understanding and empowers them by letting them know that their individual actions can reduce their impact on climate change.” The game was developed as part of the Keep Winter Cool climate change initiative which is a partnership between the Alpine Resorts Coordinating Council (ARCC), the Australian Alps Liaison Committee, and the Australian Ski Areas Association. The project was made possible by a partnership with the Victorian Government’s Energy Saving Campaign, better known as the ‘black balloons’ campaign. Chairman of the ARCC Andrew Fairley, said the game Keep Winter Cool or the Snowman Gets It will help children understand that every time they use energy they are producing greenhouse gases which add to global warming. Keep Winter Cool or the Snowman Gets It is available to play free online atwww.keepwinter cool.com.au.
— IANS
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Of will & skill
It is often said that a bad workman always quarrels with his tools. A tendency to make excuses at workplace harms not only the organisation but the worker as well. But a skillful entrepreneur can check the tendencies of lame excuses among his workers with will and skill.
Gandhiji believed that strength doesn't come from physical capacity alone but from an iron will on the part of the worker. Will is one part desire, one part determination, one part decisiveness and one part effort. It can overpower even charisma, dynamism and intelligence. It is the will of the entrepreneur coupled with skill that can make worthy endeavours. Psychological studies reveal that if an entrepreneur firmly wills his workers to do their best, they would tend to perform what is expected of them. The worker does a superior job when the entrepreneur skillfully displays full confidence in the former's ability to do the job in hand. Praise and encouragement are the two golden skills which the entrepreneur can make use of. If willed, which worker doesn't want praise? Even big officers crave for appreciation from their respective bosses. Praise when done publicly works wonders. It enhances a worker's prestige and status. It boosts his morale and self -confidence. Praise is the only skill to win loyalty and support from a worker. The entrepreneur who brings out the best even out of an average worker is a person of an extraordinary skill. When an ordinary worker is made to feel that he is much better than he thought of himself, he will certainly do better to prove the desired worth in him. The entrepreneur who tries to dominate always ends in failure. He may have the will to succeed but the real skill doesn't lie in over-supervising. The workers tend to react unfavourably, may even make lame excuses when they are over supervised. Recognition and self-respect offered to a worker make him feel psychologically secure. Such a boost encourages a worker better than even a financial reward. Even a poor labourer prefers to work in an organisation where he is given due recognition though the wages may be comparatively less then offered by a firm where there is no self respect for him. A skilful entrepreneur allows his worker to make his own self judgement. Making his own judgement about himself, he would certainly find out his own good points and weaknesses. He will himself ask the cooperative entrepreneur to help him in improving himself. A worker does his best when he is allowed to be his own self. Telling him to do the job in certain restricted ways may hinder his flourishing talents. A skilful entrepreneur allows his worker to set certain goals to achieve. Visualising his personal goals, the worker can achieve much better results. The wilful and skilful entrepreneur further encourages his workers allowing them further perks as per their distinguished achievements. When an entrepreneur creates such an atmosphere where the worker feels a sense of self-respect, the question of making lame excuses on the part of the workers doesn't arise. But to create such a situation requires will and skill on the part of the entrepreneur.
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Tired of earning, tutor starts free classes
SAYING he is ‘tired of earning money’, a tutor who prepares students for competitive examinations is now doing the same for poor students - free of cost.
“I am tired of earning money. I have taught the best of students and now I want to work with students who cannot afford costly coaching,” Puneet Sharma said. Sharma has worked for several leading private coaching institutes like Time and Career Launcher for nearly three years and is also a qualified company secretary. He has now started coaching classes in collaboration with an NGO — Institute of Social Studies Trust (ISST) in the working-class Kalyanpuri neighbourhood of east Delhi. The classes have started this August and the students are being taught for both engineering and management entrance examinations. At present, four classes have taken place and there are more than 20 students in the batch for management and engineering each. Sharma is open-ended on the number of students he is willing to teach, saying that if necessary, the classes could be run in multiple batches. The idea of starting the coaching classes struck Sharma and ISST activists while they were interacting with a government school student who had scored well in his class 10 exams but had chosen the wrong combination of subjects to achieve his ambition of becoming an engineer. The boy told them that he had opted for the commerce stream with mathematics to realise his dream. “His answer not only shocked us but also made us realise how unaware students of the area are. We realised that they need proper guidance and after brainstorming we developed this idea,” said Amita Joshi, a social activist with ISST. “We already have a lot of students. We have spread the word and posters have been pasted in government schools in and around Kalyanpuri inviting other interested students,” she added. “We have also asked school authorities to help us identify students who are bright but are not able to fulfil their ambitions due to lack of finance. We have received encouraging response,” Joshi said. Sharma was very upbeat about the project. “I am a very ambitious person and I want to contribute in changing the lives of people. If someone achieves success with a little help from me, I will be the happiest person,” he said. He has also asked his friends to help him in the project. “My friends are all ready to help me. I like the challenge and hope that others in the city will also come up with such initiatives,” Sharma said.
— IANS
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BPO attrition linked to poor salaries
IT’S official now. The business process outsourcing sector doesn’t pay well and that is the main reason for the high attrition rate in the sector. According to BPO Special Survey, 2008, remuneration structure of the sector is not as attractive as other industries in the country. The attrition rate stands at roughly 7.8 per cent. While the staff turnover in India stood at 15.7 per cent at BPO companies, the attrition is the country’s highest at 23.5 per cent followed by the communication (22 per cent) and the retail segment (18 per cent).
The BPO sector was once losing people to aviation, retail and real estate but the trend has come down a bit, as these segments are not in aggressive expansion mode currently.
The reason
The BPO industry hires a large number of graduates who are bright and ambitious. The overall compensation structure is not competitive when compared to general market practices. BPO employees do not receive as much cash in hand as their peers in other industries. This coupled with lack of career development, monotonous task and unearthly hours make employees leave even when offered a small salary increase.
Critical state
The industry is a critical sector of the Indian economy worth 12.5 billion US dollars. However, if the industry is to grow to the projected 30 billion US dollars by 2012, it will have to tackle this talent attrition issue now and immediately without losing time. BPO companies have to redesign their total reward package to include more short term incentives and benefits and linking the package to performance. This would ensure higher productivity without hefty increases in salary and costs, and minimise attrition.
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Catching them young
ONE may call it a strategy to catch them young as a campus tool, or a bid to reach out to the young minds by providing them with unique opportunities to widen their understanding about IT and BPO companies. Whatever be the reading, IT and BPO companies have started to foster campus-industry relationship in a big way.
Companies such as Infosys, Sun Microsystems and Google have their brand ambassadors among industrious pupils in select campuses in India. And what the ambassadors are expected to do? Well, these ambassadors are a bit different from what we used to come across. It’s all about give and take and mutual gain. Brand ambassadors in campus, mostly undergraduate students, are expected to help out the respective companies to reach out to the right candidates of their choice. They represent the true values the companies hold and open new vistas to their peer group. The selection of brand ambassadors is a strenuous process where in companies selects their ambassadors on the basis of several criteria. In turn, the ambassadors get the unique opportunity to be part of the prestigious companies for a while and use it a springboard to achieve their career goals. Hence the monitory benefits associated with the `brand ambassadors’ are considered not so important. Sun Microsystems that selected 20 brand ambassadors in 2007 is now gearing up to select 100 such ambassadors. Their aim is to develop a vibrant Open Source student club that can create excitement and connection with Sun’s open technologies, platforms and developer tools. Though many ambassadors are not inclined to find a placement in the companies they represent in their campus, they often work as a perfect conduit between senior students and IT, BPO companies. Based on the feedback of ambassadors, companies tweak their programme. For instance, Infosys has restructured its programme to “Young Business Leader” programme with a more stringent training schedule.
— Agencies
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Scouting for talent
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) announced the commencement of the National Debate Competition as part of its diamond jubilee celebrations. The programme has been designed to provide students across the country a platform to voice their opinions on issues surrounding the society and also become aware of the economic and educational issues concerning our country in the course of the competition. Speaking on this occasion, ICAI president Ved Jain quoted Albert Einstein “I never teach my pupils; I only attempt to provide the conditions in which they can learn.” He reiterated that all genuine knowledge originates from direct experience and extensive interaction. For learning to take place with any kind of efficiency students must be motivated. To be motivated, they must become interested. And they become interested when they are actively working on projects which they can relate to their values and goals in life. The debate competition will provide an excellent forum to students from all across the country to share their thoughts on various current issues which concern our today and our tomorrow. The competition is all set to be conducted in different parts of the country and will be open to students of class XI and XII. The competition will be conducted at city level, regional level and all-India level where one winner and two runners up from each region will compete. Participants can choose between English and Hindi for the debate. Some of the relevant topics in both languages for the competition include ‘Our education system prepares us to face the real corporate world, ‘Peer advice and not family advices help in deciding the field of study chosen by a student’ and ‘In today’s fiercely competitive world, professional qualifications are the most important assets for a person to possess’. Empowering students
N-POWER, the certified hardware and networking training brand of Aptech, has announced the launch of Tech Pragati Scholarships. N-Power has a series of programmes focussed towards hardware and networking, which are divided into foundation, career and professional tracks, ranging from one month to two years. This scholarship will be awarded on all courses. Candidates having passed a minimum of Class 10 shall be eligible to appear for the scholarship test. Scholarships upto 50% of the course fees will be awarded to meritorious students on the basis of their performance in an aptitude test and a personal interview administered at the centres. A total of 500 meritorious students would be awarded.
Spreading education
In order to attain larger educational benefits for the masses, PRIA Continuing Education and Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU) have entered into a memorandum of understanding for the delivery of its academic programme advanced diploma in managing participatory development projects (MPDP) through open and distance mode of learning. The collaboration will enable PRIA to deliver its academic programme to learners from India and abroad. This will increase the employability for the learners. According to V. N. Rajasekharan Pillai, vice chancellor, IGNOU, the partnership will enable it to build a cadre of professionally trained project managers who can undertake responsibilities in implementing various development programmes of the government, the private sector and the NGOs in the country and beyond.
— TNS
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Cheers to coffee!
IT is a Monday morning. There are meetings to be attended and new targets waiting to be set, but you are tired and disoriented after a hectic weekend. What you may just need to go back on track is a nice, big cup of good ol’ coffee. A new study has proved that whether you are hooked on caffeine or not, if you need a boost, coffee improves your mental alertness and can have a calming affect on your heart rate. The study’s co-author, Michael Kennedy, also a professor at the University of Alberta says: “One large coffee has more than enough caffeine to see these changes.” Kennedy and his team looked at how 10 women who drank coffee daily and 10 others who drank less than two servings per week were affected, by measuring heart rate, blood pressure, alertness and the ability to perform a tough mental test after consuming a 350-ml sized coffee. The study subjects were aged 18 to 37. A word of caution: For people at risk for high BP, if you’re a habituated coffee drinker, reducing your caffeine intake would be an effective way of potentially reducing your blood pressure. — IANS
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Q. My sister is severely afflicted with polio which makes even moving out of home very difficult. She is doing her MA through correspondence and has decent communication skills. Although she gives a couple of tuitions to small children, she is unable to earn enough to be self-sufficient. Is there anything she can do to supplement her income?
Q. Could you please tell me something about the Indian Foreign Service? How can one join this service?