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PILL Prospects
Nowadays, pharmacy as a field has twin scope: as a service and as a product. A pharmacist can work in the service industry as well as in manufacturing and production, says Dr Rachna Kumaria, director of a pharmacy training institute.
Work opportunities
A pharmacist can be involved in the production of bulk drugs and intermediates or formulations and dosage forms. Cosmetics and toiletries manufacturing units for dental care industries also hire pharmacy professionals. Production also includes biotechnological products, medical devices and equipments, perfumery, nutraceuticals etc. According to Dr Gopal Munjal, managing director, Ind-Swift Pharmaceuticals Ltd, the output of the Indian pharmaceutical industry is fourth in terms of volume and 13th in terms of value and around 8 per cent of the world’s drugs are manufactured in India. According to a McKinsey study, the Indian pharmaceutical industry is projected to grow to US $ 25 billion by 2010 and the domestic market will triple to US $ 20 billion by 2015 to become one of the leading sectors in the next decade. The most exciting and rewarding career in the pharmacy industry is in sales and marketing. A pharmacy graduate with the additional qualification of an MBA can become a professional sales representative or medical representative (MR), reaching up to the international level of marketing and exports. In the service industry, a pharmacy student can join community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, public health service, the armed services etc. There is a huge demand of pharmacy professionals in the government sector as drug inspectors, health inspectors, research officers, drug therapists, chemical/ drug technicians etc.
Money matters
The starting salary varies from Rs 10,000 to 15,000 a month, depending upon the qualification. A management degree alongside is another brownie point. Those holding a doctoral degree can earn up to Rs 30,000 pm. The salary may go up, depending upon the experience. A student from University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, says the pharma sector is a sunrise area with a plethora of opportunities coming up. The students who are on the threshold of selecting their careers can choose it and reap the benefits of being early entrants in this upcoming field.
Skill set
A good pharmacist should have an interest in medicine and a scientific bent of mind. Besides, an ability to work carefully and systematically is needed for working in labs and stores. Additional skills in merchandising, selling and financial management with good communication skills are boosters for management and marketing aspirants. A sympathetic attitude and pleasant personality are required for the service sector.
Training talk
There are more than 40 colleges offering various pharmacy courses in the region. Some of the training institutes are: n The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, SAS Nagar, offers various postgraduate courses like M.S., M.Pharma and MBA with PhD in pharmacy, pharmaceutical technology and biotechnology. (www.niper.nic.in) nThe Pharmaceutical Department, Panjab University, Chandigarh, offers a four-year B.Pharma degree and two-year M.Pharma degree in various fields like pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical chemistry, pharmacognosy and pharmacology. (www.puchd.ac.in) n The Swift School of Pharmacy, Rajpura, offers four-year bachelor’s course. It claims to be the only college with industry back-up and promises 100 pc placement, including with the R&D units of the Ind-Swift group (www.sfresedu.com)
Course clues
Today, pharmacy education, like the pharmaceutical industry, is also undergoing globalisation. Now, colleges are going in for international accreditation and certifications and also providing international standard facilities and infrastructure with upgraded course contents. After plus two with a science background, a student can opt for D.Pharma (two-year Diploma in Pharmacy) or B.Pharma (four-year degree in Pharmacy). Diploma students can join the degree course directly in the second year. After a graduate degree, they can opt to do M.Pharma and can also go for postgraduate studies in biotechnology.
Placements
Those opting for D. Pharma. are employed in the industries and organisations at a lower level, and they also find vast avenues of employment in pharmacies and medical shops, for whom it is compulsory under law to employ a pharmacist. They can also start their own medical store. Pharmacist with a bachelor’s degree can work as a MR or a medical detailing man and move up to become marketing managers. Degree holders can also be selected as drug inspectors or drug controllers. They can also choose the teaching line as lecturers for D.Pharma and B.Pharma colleges and after a minimum experience of five years in any institution approved by the AICTE, they are also eligible for the M.Pharma course. Pharmacy postgraduates can choose to be lecturers in colleges or research assistants or research associates with some industry.
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WAGE WOES The companies are also worried that fattening pay packets in India could prevent them from sustaining their competitive advantage since wage costs have been historically lower in the country as compared to the US and Europe. Separately, all the three US-listed outsourcing majors with signific
ant operations in India, ExlService Holdings, Genpact and WNS expect soaring salaries and other employee costs would slash their profit margins in the near term. "... because of rapid economic growth in India, increased demand for business process outsourcing to India and increased competition for skilled employees in India, wages for comparably skilled employees in India are increasing at a faster rate than in the US and Europe, which may reduce this competitive advantage," WNS said in its annual filing to the US market regulator Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). ExlService, which posted a marginal decline in profits for the second quarter at 5.3 million dollars, had also earlier said that employee compensation would have to be rapidly increased as compared to the past. Earlier this year, IT majors Infosys Technologies and Wipro had also pointed out that rising salaries in the country posed a business risk for them. On an average, the salary hike in the BPO industry is in the range of 9-10 per cent. According to an industry insider, the threat of rising pay has always been there for the firms mainly in the BPO amd IT areas. "We may need to increase the levels of employee compensation more
rapidly than in the past to remain competitive in attracting and retaining the quality and number of employees that our business requires," ExlService noted in its annual report filed with SEC. "Wages are generally higher for employees performing research and analytics services and advisory services than for employees performing other BPO services. "As the scale of our research and analytics services and our advisory services increases, wages as a percentage of revenues will likely increase," it said in the filing. Genpact also said in its SEC filing that sharing wage increases may cause our clients to be less willing to utilise our services. "In addition, wage increases may reduce our margins. We will attempt to control such costs by our efforts to add capacity in locations where we consider wage levels of skilled personnel to be satisfactory, but we may not be successful in doing so. Noting that most of the employees are based in India and are paid in Indian rupees, ExlService said, "...while our revenues are primarily in US dollars and pounds sterling, our employee costs as a percentage of revenues may increase or decrease significantly if the exchange rates among the Indian rupee, the pound sterling and the US dollar fluctuate significantly." Global management consultancy firm HayGroup in a recent survey said salaries in India are forecast to rise by 14.4 per cent during this year. According to Infosys, wages in India are increasing at a faster rate than in the United States, which could result in increased costs for companies seeking to employ technology professionals particularly project managers and other mid-level professionals in India.
— PTI
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Luck vs pluck That is why Albert Einstein said that imagination is even more important than knowledge. A little reflection will reveal that these are not extravagant statements. Nor can these be dismissed as mere platitudes. The Tribune recently published the picture of a young girl painting with a brush in her mouth. She had lost her arms in a mishap. Obviously, she had no faith in what we call “bad luck.” The young man who wails he has no “luck”, lacks self-esteem, not good luck. His trouble is that his plans always go wrong. He does not achieve a break. Circumstances are invariably against him. He has no luck, except the bad kind! No wonder, everything he goes for is a fiasco. We all fail some of the time, but when failure becomes persistent, almost chronic, we must be concerned about ourselves rather than about fate. This young man is typical of too many who, after much fruitless effort, come to regard themselves as luckless! They are the rejects of careers as well as life. After counselling, this young man says, “I’m dodging difficulties most of my time. I resent them. I want a smooth life.” He needs a new attitude to career difficulties, and by certain realisations and new forms of tackling, that attitude can be established. Just replace “luck” with “pluck”. And you begin to pluck the fruits of the new attitude. Hard work seldom lets you down. The difficulties are not to be resented but to be combated. They are inseparable from active struggle. Face an interview, take an examination and you see an imaginary mountain, formidable. Go near it and you see many lanes and by-lanes leading to the top. They demand a cool, confident mind, not a mind full of exasperation and resentment. Breast beating is a negative reaction. Like the pigeon-seeing cat, you close your eyes, refusing to see the problem at all. But this is evasion. The cat does not vanish. You must grapple, not collapse. William James said: “Men develop their inner powers through crisis and incentive.” Your will-to-win quality means growth and enrichment for the personality. The approach means concentrating not so much on the difficulty itself, but on its solution. Focus is the key word. Failures you will have, but from each failure you learn what doesn’t work, and so you go on with a steely mind. There is nothing ignoble in falling or failing, but it is ignoble to fall and never get up again.
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Smart Skills
What it covers
Zoology is a fascinating subject that deals with the study of animals and animal life. Animals include humans and other mammals, birds, insects, fish, reptiles, invertebrates, and even microscopic organisms, their internal workings, and their activities. Zoology, which is one of the two main branches of biology, is the science of living things. While botany involves the study of plants, zoology includes the study of any kind of animal, ranging from a 180-tonne blue whale to one-celled creatures such as bacteria. At present, more than a million different species of animals have been identified, and new species continue to be identified every year. Owing to the explosion of knowledge about animals in the 19th and 20th centuries, zoology is now subdivided into many major fields. Several fields of zoology involve the study of structures or systems of animals. Those fields include embryology (the study of the development of individual animals), anatomy (the study of structure of the animal's body, and physiology (study of living processes within animals). There are also many branches of zoology, based on the study of a particular kind of animal. For example, herpetology is the study of reptiles and amphibians, ornithology is the study of birds, mammalogy is the study of mammals, ichthyology is the study of fish, and entomology is the study of insects. There are also major fields of zoology involving the study of animal behavior. They include natural history (the life and behavior of animals in nature), evolution (the origins and development of animal life) and ecology (the relationship of animals to their environment). Such a study enables scientists to use the physical life, and social sciences to manage animals, plants, and their habitats for recreation, business, and preservation. The study of zoology is helpful to human beings in many ways, and zoologists work in hundreds of careers. Since human beings and many animals have similar body parts and functions, the study of animals is helpful in the development of human medicine. Studies of bacteria help scientists discover ways to protect human beings from being infected by disease and to cure diseases. Much of the work in zoology is in the area of research at colleges, universities, and medical schools. Zoologists also work in chemical or pharmaceutical companies or industrial organisations to test the effects of a pesticide or fertiliser on animals or humans, ways to produce healthier animals and more animals for our food supply, or ways to increase fish farming. Those specialising in animal sciences learn about the nutrition, breeding, behavior, and management of food animals. They work on discovering which breeds of cow produce the best milk and coming up with new ways to protect against bovine spongiform encephalopathy, or Mad Cow Disease. Zoologists can work in the area of environment and ecology, to protect natural resources and minimise the harm to plant and animal populations. The study of wild animals helps us learn to coexist with them and to preserve endangered species. Project Tiger in India and the World Wildlife Fund has zoologists and other specialists studying ways and means of preserving the dwindling tiger population in India. Zoologists also work in creative fields and the news media. They are writers, photographers, or illustrators.
Entry zone
A career in zoology would require a basic degree in science, after which you can choose a master’s course in the area of interest. You can opt for M Sc and Ph.D in zoology if you plan to go into research. With 55 per cent in M Sc you are eligible to appear for the National Eligibility Test (NET) conducted jointly by the CSIR-UGC for Junior Research fellowship (JRF) and Lectureship. Several universities in India provide facilities for doctoral research in the areas of animal physiology, genetic toxicology, wetland biology, environmental biology, ornithology and human genetics. Biotechnology at the master’s degree level is another option for zoology graduates who can specialise in animal biotechnology or plant science or tissue culture at the PG/ Ph.D. level. Jawaharlal Nehru University holds a Combined Entrance Test annually for admission to M.Sc. biotechnology / M.Sc. Agri-biotechnology / MV.Sc. Biotechnology / M.Tech. Biotechnology programmes offered by several participating universities. Other higher-study options for zoology graduates include environmental technology, environmental sciences, marine biology, microbiology, environmental biotechnology, oceanography, marine biotechnology, marine food technology, applied genetics, fishery biology and aquaculture, medical anatomy, dialysis therapy, anatomy, forestry, phytomedical sciences and so on at institutes such as the School of Environmental Science, MG University, Kottayam, Annamalai University, Bangalore University, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Madras Christian College, Chennai, University of Madras,
Job options
Zoology graduates are qualified for a variety of careers both in biological fields, as well as in areas where specific scientific knowledge may not be required. Zoology graduates can work in a range of fields, which could include research such as biotechnology, bioinformatics, medicine, pharmacy, biochemistry, microbiology, environmental science, marine studies, human genetics, or directly with animals in forestry, veterinary, agricultural, fisheries, environment and biotechnology organisations. There are many government research organisations conducting a variety of studies, such as the Zoological Survey of India, the Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education, or the Wildlife Institute, Dehra Dun, as well as medical research establishments where continuous experimentation goes on. In the pharmaceutical sector, zoologists with specialisation in microbiology study microbes and organisms that cause diseases (in humans, animals as well as plants), evaluating antibiotics and developing vaccines, and manufacturing drugs. There are also opportunities in consultancy in technical and research roles, with chemical, and petroleum companies. There are also zoos and wildlife parks, wildlife trusts and environmental protection agencies for those with an interest in zoology. The option of joining either the IFS (Indian Forest Service) or the State Forest Service (SFS) is also available for a zoology graduate. The Indian Forest Service enables you to work for protecting the reserved forests and wildlife sanctuaries. Another exciting option for a zoology graduate with an eye for detail and a curious mind, is a career in forensic science, where your expertise will be used for analysis of criminal evidence. If you have an interest in law, a career as a patent attorney — an agent for the purposes of obtaining patents worldwide, is another option. Zoology graduates can also find work in the education sector, with museums or other cultural organisations, or move into other jobs such as management, marketing, sales or scientific journalism. Working with a publishing house, printing medical journals or scientific books is also an interesting career option, where one would be able to put one’s zoology degree to practical use. You don’t need to restrict your thinking to the jobs listed here, as there are many other careers which don't specify particular degree disciplines, provided you can demonstrate you have the attributes employers are looking for. With such a world of opportunity, go ahead and eat your heart out for the Emperor penguin, or the baby turtle. The writer is a noted career expert
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ADDING NUMBERS The IT sector remains the top recruiter with 13 firms announcing plans to hire over one lakh persons in the next 2-3 years, the Assocham ECO Pulse study says. Despite the global slowdown and companies cutting costs, the sectors remain bullish on increasing headcount, it said. "The headcount expansion plans of IT companies render a positive outlook for the sector as computer services will remain robust," Assocham president Sajjan Jindal says. IT major Tata Consultancy Services has plans to hire 30,000 persons in 2008-09, while Accenture and Wipro Technologies are looking to recruit 28,000 and 17,500 employees in the country, respectively, it says. Cognizant, Sutherland Global Services, Sapient and Ness Technologies are other IT firms that have lined up big recruitment plans. The financial services sector would witness seven firms hiring about 65,800 employees
in the next few years, the study said. Public sector banks are leading the pack in recruiting about 53,000 personnel from marketing and legal fields. The SBI alone plans to hire 3,000 employees this year on contractual basis as marketing and recovery officers for rural operations. Private sector banks, including ICICI and Standard Chartered bank, too are on a hiring spree and plan to add more than 10,000 people to their existing headcount. Consultancy firms have announced to make 13,000 recruitments, the study said. Having set up a base in India, global advisory firms such
as Deloitte and KPMG are now looking to expand operations and hire over 1,0000 professionals in the next two years.
— PTI
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Bits & bytes
The Delhi Cabinet has decided to grant scholarship to socially and economically backward students studying in universities, aided, un-aided and government affiliated institutions in the capital. Briefing the media after the meeting, Delhi chief minister Sheila Dikshit said the government has taken a "big step" to support the socially and economically backward students. To offer the scholarship, the Cabinet decided to constitute Delhi Higher Education Aid Trust, which would be headed by the higher education minister. The scholarships would be given to students studying in a university, college and other institutions affiliated to a University established under any law made by the Legislative Assembly of Delhi. A Higher Education Scholarship Fund would also be made functional under Section 15 of the Delhi Professional Colleges or Institutions Act, 2007. The government would contribute an amount of Rs one crore as corpus fund for the purpose, officials said. The government would also allow self-financing institutions to run second shift on the condition that they will deposit 25 per cent of the total fee collected from students admitted in the second shift with the Higher Education Scholarship Fund. Dikshit said the trust would also provide education loans to socially and economically backward students and to grant stipend, rewards and allowances and other financial assistance.
— PTI
Need for skill development stressed
The National Knowledge Commission, (NKC), a high-level advisory body, has said that innovation and entrepreneurship are the driving forces behind India's growth story. The NKC has conducted a study on entrepreneurship and on the basis of the findings has submitted a 10-point recommendation letter to the prime minister Manmohan Singh on a number of policies to be put in place to encourage entrepreneurship in the country. "When we were looking at how people access knowledge we found that there was a dearth of published information on three things — innovation, entrepreneurship which are positive things and the worrying part, which is shortage of skill development," Ashok Ganguly, member of the NKC, said at a CII event in Mumbai recently. "There is going to be a shortage of skills... to drive India's growth story, Ganguly added. The NKC study, for which 155 entrepreneurs were interviewed, found that one in three entreprenuers found it "somewhat difficult" or "very difficult" to find candidates with the right skills.
— PTI
Avalon to offer hospitality courses
Avalon Academy, the aviation and hospitality training subsidiary of the global learning solutions company, Aptech Ltd, announced the launch of the ‘Higher National Diploma in Hospitality Management’ in affiliation with the Scotland’s Colleges International, a reputed consortium of colleges in the UK. Avalon has partnered with the consortium, of which a few colleges in UK viz. Perth College, Adam Smith College, Telford College & Dundee College, will execute the on-campus elements of the course. This announcement was made by Pramod Khera, CEO & MD, Aptech Ltd., Preeti Malik, head, Avalon Aviation Academy , Christina Potter, Principal of the Dundee College, Rob Chell, International Director, Perth College, and Ian Patrick — Project Head, Perth College. The students of the course would have the option to move into any of the four crucial areas of hospitality — Food Production, Food and Beverages (F & B), Front Office Operations and Housekeeping.
— TNS
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Career Hotline
AUTO MODE
— Karunesh Gaur A. The driving factor in automobile designing is an insatiable passion
for design. The second fastest growing car market in Asia, India’s automobile industry is moving in top gear. It is also emerging as the most preferred sourcing base and KPO (knowledge process outsourcing) destination and R & D hub for global auto majors like Hyundai, Fiat, Ford, GM, Suzuki, Toyota, Nissan Volvo and several others. We have even begun to export our cars (Indica is a big hit and so will be Nano from the Tata stable), and two-wheelers (Hero, Bajaj), which have been enthusiastically received in many European countries. Low-cost multi-utility vehicles could be our forte. Experts are very optimistic about the future prospects of this field since car volumes in India are on an upsurge and the industry is set for a major boom. After completing your course in automobile design you can join as part of a team working with a design services provider to offer both industrial and transportation design solutions or later in the automotive department as a specialist in automobiles, design and engineering services. Car designers also work with original equipment manufacturers like Maruti, Tata Motors, etc. However, when compared to Japan, Europe or US, India is still new to the concept of automobile design. Which is why you need to be finely attuned to market demand in terms of comfort, safety, and even cultural sensitivities and preferences. To stand out in automobile design you can’t simply rely on computer aided design. You also need good sketching skills and understanding of 3D shapes and models. There is enormous need for automobile stylists as well. Today, every aspect of the automobile is designed. The emphasis is on futuristic concepts, your understanding of different aspects of styling, of dimension
and proportion. The industry also needs component designers: people who can design rear view mirrors, coat hangars, bottle holders etc There is also need for visual merchandisers to design automobile showrooms as exclusive branded dealer outlets need to stand out among other shops to project a specific image. To successfully conceptualise your dream machine you must get some hands-on training using manual methods of designing in order to use past experience as a repertoire of information that you can draw on for
new creations. Performance modification has emerged as a popular segment. An automobile broadly comprises the engine, chassis, gearbox, differential and suspension. Each of these and their components come in so many different specifications and designs that only someone who has done a course in automobile engineering can figure out the various permutations and combinations ideally suited for a particular kind of vehicle. Diploma-level courses are ideal for those who wish to go into servicing and maintenance or work on the shop floor of an automobile plant or as a Supervisor in bus depots or work in maintenance, overhauling, production, servicing at service outlets of OES. There are very few full-fledged degree or diploma courses in automobile design. DC College of Automotive Studies, Pune, offers undergraduate and 2-year postgraduate programs on automotive styling, transportation design, and engineering. It will accommodate 1,500 students, who will pay between $4,650 and $7,000 a year in tuition, depending on the length of study. NID, Paldi, Ahmedabad-380007 (www.nid.edu) has launched a Postgraduate Diploma in Transportation & Automobile Design (2½ -yrs). The course is supported by SAE. Elig: BE/BTech (auto/ mech/ mechatron). IIT Mumbai, Industrial Design Centre, Powai, Mumbai, offers M.Design with a module on automobile design. IIT Madras M-Tech Dual Degree programmes (5-year) in Mechanical Engg with M.Tech in Product Design and in Engineering Design with M.Tech in Automotive Engineering are offered Selection: IIT JEE IIT Guwahati
(www.iitg.ac.in) Course: Bachelor of Design (B.Des) Selection: IIT JEE IDC (Instrument Design and Development Centre) has designed an integrated 5-year Dual Degree programme in Product Design which will be offered at IIT Delhi, Mumbai and Kanpur in 2009. University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Vasant Vihar Dehra Dun (Utt) www.upesindia.org offers BTEch: Automobile Design Engg. Selection: AIEEE Canadian Institute for International Studies, C 2, Ph I, Mohali (www.theciis.org) offers a fulltime 3-yr Diploma or 4-yr degree in Mechanical Engg (Automotive Prod Des/ Automotive Mfg), Also BBA (Automotive Mktg). Extn Campus of Georgian College, an Ontario State govt funded co-operative edu coll, Canada. Amity School of Engineering & Automation offers BTech in Mechanical & Automotive Engg. You could also contact the Automotive Research Association of India, Pune (www.araiindia.com) for further inputs. Engineering Colleges usually have active student chapters of the Society of Automotive Engineers. You could also contact faculty advisors of the various Indian collegiate chapters (e.g. at Chandigarh
(PEC).
Radio activity
— Manjeet Bedi A. Yes, you can pass an exam, get a certificate and before that learn some more about radio and TV repair, provided you can show that you have been in this business for at least two years. The one-year certificate programme in radio and TV technician offered by the National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) has Class X pass as the minimum admission requirement, which you don’t have, or Class VIII pass with two years of experience in radio
and TV repair, which you most likely do. NIOS has close to a thousand accredited vocational centres (AVCs) that serve as facilitation centres, exam centres as well as training centres, providing training — practical and theoretical. The list is so long it runs from page 27 to 136 in the prospectus. But it has been arranged in alphabetical order — Regional Centre wise, State wise and District wise for easy reference. And if you suffer from exam phobia, relax. Only 15 per cent of the score in this course is based on theory, the rest is based on practical and internal assessment, where – if what you claim is right – you should come out with flying colours. By the way, why don’t you add to your repertoire of skills and thereby improve your career prospects, by taking some additional vocational course later from NIOS, for example, in refrigeration and airconditioning. Online admissions are open year-round. For details, check out the following link: www.nios.ac.in/vocpros2008.pdf
Civils conduct
Q. This is my first attempt at the civil services exam. I’m quite sure I will be able to clear the Prelims. My only worry is that I’m working and I don’t know when I should start preparing for the Mains. — Kapil Vyas A. The Civil Services Exam fundamentally differs from the university-type exams. Ideally you should start preparing for the Mains even while preparing for the Prelims. At least study the syllabus, browse through a few topics which are common to both exams and start making notes. In any case you must begin studying for the Mains soon after you finish your Prelims. At the maximum, give yourself a week’s break to recharge your batteries. No excuses thereafter. Get down to the job in dead earnest. You may well ask, “Why should I start preparing, when the Prelims results have not been declared” or “What if I don’t make it and the whole exercise goes waste?” Convincing arguments and, in fact, most get cracking only in August once the Prelims results are out. But don’t forget you will have already wasted a month and a half, in which time you could have easily prepared for one Optional subject. Also, if you make it through the Prelims, this time will have been well utilised. More so, if your second optional happens to be a new one. Keep abreast with new developments in the country and abroad by regularly scanning national, financial and international dailies and magazines. At the end of the day, remember preparing for this exam requires planned effort, and time.
Research route
Q. I have completed my master’s in physics, with specialisation in electronics. Now I want to do Ph.D. Please tell me about the possible area of research. — Deepak Govil A. The fields are truly diverse ranging from fiber optics communication, microwaves, IC technology, lasers, digital electronics, experimental electronics, optoelectronics, power electronics, medical electronics, nano electronics… I can go
on and on… However, since you have already done your M.Sc I think your professors will be better able to guide you about the cutting-edge areas in physics so that you can choose one related to your interests etc. Also doing your M.Phil will give you greater insights into
the different areas you could look at. Do scan the websites of the IITs and the Indian Institute of Science for areas in which research facilities
are offered. Moreover, the Association of Indian Universities (www.aiuweb.org) regularly publishes a list of thesis submitted by research students every month (Just click on the “research” link). Scanning through the list will give you a fair idea of what research is being undertaken in your field.
Texts and tomes
— Harpreet Chaddha A. In modern usage, the term "philology" is most accurately defined as "an affinity toward the learning of the backgrounds and current usages of spoken or written methods of human communication. Since philology seeks to understand the origins of a language, it is often defined as "the study of ancient texts and languages”, although this is a rather narrow and not entirely accurate view. In the academic sense of the term, philology describes the study of a country’s language along with its literature and the historical and cultural contexts which are indispensable for understanding the literary works and other culturally significant texts. Philology thus comprises the study of the grammar, rhetoric, history, interpretation of authors, and critical traditions associated with a given language. If this all this doesn’t sound like Greek and Latin to you, here’s more, you could well look at becoming a philologist who can recognise the words of one language from the roots of another, by recognising
the common (shared) roots and grammar. For instance, the similarities between Sanskrit and European languages, first noted in the early 16th century led to the speculation of a common ancestor language from which all European languages descended — now named Proto-Indo-European. Philology is further divided into 5 main branches: comparative philology, radical philology, textual philology and text editing, cognitive philology, deciphering ancient texts.
The writer is a noted career consultant
Please send in your query, preferably on a postcard, along with your full name, complete address and academic qualifications to: Editor, Jobs and Careers, The Tribune, Sector 29, Chandigarh-160030, or at
careers@tribunemail.com
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1. In which event did Abhinav Bindra win India”s first individual Olympic gold medal? 2. Name India's philanthropic doctor couple that recently won the Ramon Magsaysay award for improving lives of tribals in a remote Maharashtra village. 3. Which iconic Nobel Prize-winning Russian author, who wrote the famous book "The Gulag Archipelago", passed away recently? 4. When is India's lunar mission, Chandrayan-I, set to be executed? 5. What is India's position, according to a latest UNIDO report, among world's top automakers? 6. Which mobile services policy, offering voice, video data and downloading facilities on cellular phones, was announced by the government recently? 7. Who is believed to be the first person to have set foot on the shores of New Zealand in 1769? 8. Name the founder of Sulabh International, an organisation that has done major work in the field of sanitation. 9. With which sport is Saina Nehwal associated? 10. Which country's women's team has won every archery gold medal (before the start of Beijing Olympics) since the 1984 Olympics? Winners of quiz 315: The first prize by draw of lots goes to Prateek Rai, class XII, Sohrab Public School, Malerkotla, district Sangrur, Punjab, Pin Code 148023 Second: Nishant Dogra, class VIII, DAV Public School, Arya Samaj Mandir, Pucca Tank, Nahan (HP), Pin Code 173001 Third: Harniaz Brar, class V-C, St Joseph's Convent Secondary School, Bathinda (Punjab), Pin Code 151001 Answers to quiz 315: Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh; Arctic; Mahela Jayawardene; Anil Kumble; India; Mark Spitz (seven gold); Nadia Comaneci; Fuwa; Propane; Faster, Higher, Stronger Cash awards of Rs 400, 300 and 200 are given to the first, second and third prize winners, respectively. These are sent at the school address. Note: Kindly mention the pincode of your place to facilitate the delivery of the prize money. Answers can also be sent at quiz@tribunemail.com — Tarun Sharma Name ……………….……………….....…… Class ………………..………….......….…… School address …….………….....…….…
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Pharmacists are the trusted health resource for the whole family, goes a saying. The pharmaceutical sector holds an exciting and fast-moving career for those who have a desire to help people improve the quality of their health and possess an ability to communicate clearly and effectively.
The industrial research and development departments need many Ph.D and M.Pharma students. Discovering a new drug is of prime importance with the options of developing viable processes for manufacturing it and its formulation in dosage forms. There is also a wide scope in clinical research for clinical trials, bioequivalence studies and toxicological studies.
Amid growing economic concerns and high attrition rate, leading outsourcing firms such as WNS, ExlService and Genpact have warned that rising employee salaries could eat into their profit margins.
Dr Maxwell Maltz, in Psychocbenetics, says, “A human being always acts, feels and performs in accordance with what he thinks to be true of himself.”
If you have enjoyed watching baby turtles hatch on the beach on a dark moon night, or been captivated watching a mother tiger feed her young on the National Geographic channel, why not make a career in zoology? Are you one of those who dreams about studying the Emperor penguins in Antarctica? Or listing all the butterflies in India? Recently, an unusual and sudden appearance of millions of millipedes, which is causing havoc in a village in Gujarat had entomologists (those who study insects) scratching their heads.
The global economic slowdown has not impacted recruitment plans of IT and financial services firms that have announced to hire over 1.65 lakh personnel during the last seven months of 2008, an Assocham study
has said.
Q. I am in Class XII. I love cars and want to become an automobile designer. Please tell me which institutions offer courses in auto design after Class XII.
Q. I failed my matriculation exam years back. For the last five years, I have been running a small shop for repairing radio and TV sets, at which I am really good. Is there some way to pass an exam or get a recognised certificate for my skills, which I may be able to use if my family migrates to a different city?
Q. What exactly is the field of philology all about?