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And yet we all are making
a beeline to the theatres to give the moviemakers the pleasure of having
succeeded in scaring us out of our wits and even having made money out
of it. What is it about horror that is making us walk out of the smug
comfort of our homes to sit for three long hours in the darkened halls
only to have our nerves frayed? What is it about horror that tingles our
pleasure buds? Are we truly a bunch of sadists deep inside who delight
in all the blood and the gore and the suffering that the poor
protagonists undergo? Is it to appease the animal in us that we delight
in horror films?
Yes, say that very
respected gentleman of psychology Sigmund Freud and his followers.
Though they refrain from outrightly labelling us as loathsome animals at
our very core. They, however, do affirm that all of us in our psyches
carry certain unacceptable and even harmful sexual and violent
tendencies, the expression of which is unacceptable to our society.
During our growth and socialisation process, we learn to bring under
control or rather repress these negative tendencies. We, thereby,
obliterate them from our conscious psyches, but leave them alive and
kicking in our sub-conscious psyches or "Id". Horror films
with their blood and gore help us deal with these destructive
"Id" impulses from "discreet distances with the
insulation of metaphor".
Monsters of the horror
movies are embodiments of forces sealed up in the unconscious mind. They
represent "the return of the repressed" and offer a
substitutive outlet for unacceptable sexual and aggressive instincts.
The release of repressed energy that identifying with the monsters
provides is inherently pleasurable and constitutes the appeal of the
horror films, according to the claim of the Psychoanalytical School of
psychology. Beyond the appeal to the Id, the horror flicks also have
pleasure in store for the Ego (our conscious) and the Super-ego (moral
force), which too are gratified by the ultimate conquest of the ghosts,
which is the common end of most horror films. This to our psyche
symbolises the vanquishing of our unacceptable baser instincts.
However not everybody is
satisfied by this complicated psychoanalytic explanation of appeal of
horror cinema. There are some for whom a factor as simple as curiosity
is sufficient to explain the appeal of such films. The fact is that we
humans are a curious lot. After-life is a phenomenon that has never
failed to arouse our curiosity, leading to a considerable attention
being paid to this phenomenon in several religious and metaphysical
works. Horror movies, with their emphasis on the evil side of the spirit
world, offers alternate, though grim, pictures of the hypothetical
scenario. "What if evil becomes more powerful than good?"
"If God rules — this is the world, what would be the world if an
anti-God were to take over?"
Horror movies, with their
emphasis on the anti-God and the other side of the coin, satisfy the
curiosity motive. Thus, writes Noel Carroll in his noted work Philosophy
of Horor, while watching a horror flick the audience does not really
take pleasure in art-horror (he differentiates between a feeling of
horror arising from a real-life scenario and that arising from a work of
fiction, say a horror movie or a ghost story).The enjoyment, on the
contrary, comes from the structure of the plot, which inevitably
revolves around a process of disclosure and confirmation that is
cognitively satisfying. "The emotion of art-horror is not our
absolutely primary aim in the consuming of horror fictions. Rather,
art-horror is the price we are willing to pay for the revelation of that
which is impossible and unknown, of that which violates our conceptual
schema," writes Carroll. Thus, according to Carroll, only those
horror movies will truly succeed in holding our attention and arousing
our pleasure which are cognitively satisfying. A horror flick which
fails to play with our curiosity also fails to provide us with pleasure.
Apart from the element of
curiosity, the fact that horror films burrow into our psyche to deal
with emotions of fear, abhorrence, aversion, disgust, dread, terror,
shock, panic, also contributes to their appeal.
H.P Lovecraft, generally
regarded as the father of modern horror fiction, describes fear as
"the oldest and the strongest emotion" experienced by mankind.
Thus opine some philosophers and psychologists that the appeal of horror
films may lie solely in the fact that they address the darker aspects of
our emotive psyche.
We all like to play with
our fears, to see how far we have succeeded in conquering our tendencies
to cower, flee and run. Horror films are just one such medium through
which we test ourselves. Extreme sports and adventure sports are the
others ways in which we play, derive thrill and ultimately conquer our
fears. Even small children play with their fears as they creep out from
behind a door to suddenly frighten anyone who enters unawares. The
pleasure is all theirs after they have successfully startled the poor
unaware entrant.
Horror movies too perform
a similar function. They allow us to play with our fears, to confront
things that disturb us. They allow us to face our greatest fears like
those embodied in death, dying and the dead through the very realistic
visual medium of the cinema. Thus, having confronted our fears we are
better able to deal with the associated emotions in everyday life and
therein lies the appeal of the horror films.
Explanations of the appeal
of the horror films and literature abound. From satisfying the baser
elements in us to combating our fears and making us mentally stronger:
You can take your pick and decide for yourself what is your rationale
behind visiting your nearby hall only to have a hair-raising experience.
You can also take comfort in the fact that whatever be your preferred
explanation of your date with fear, the fact remains that in the end
watching a horror movie, apart from scaring you, manages to help you in
some way or the other.
So, go out and enjoy being
scared!
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